Guides › Start here · Emergency · Index A–Z

Subject Index A–Z

Look things up the way you would in the index at the back of a book — no search box, AI or internet needed. Each entry jumps straight to the right section of a guide; 📖 opens a book page on this drive, 🖼️ a drawing, 📷 photos. In a hurry? Use the 🆘 Emergency finder. To browse by subject instead, see the guides by subject.

4685 subjects, 7048 links, from 74 guides.

0–9

• 12 V appliances
  • pictured — 12 V loads, Arizona p. 6
  • skip the inverter — Off-grid power › Start with a load list
• 12 V or 24 V? — see System voltage
• 12-volt power
  • from a car — Salvage & repurposing › Battery, wire, lights and horn
• 120/240 volts
  • split phase — Power grid › 120/240: two hot wires and a neutral
• 145.490 MHz
  • JCEC repeater — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• 146.520 MHz
  • national 2 m calling frequency — Radio › Simplex (radio-to-radio, no repeater)
• 1989 geomagnetic storm — see Quebec blackout (1989)
• 2 meters
  • local and repeaters — Radio › The main ham bands and what they do
• 20-hour rate
  • how batteries are rated — 📖 NEETS 1, p. 96
• 20-inch rear wheel
  • for loads — Bicycles & carts › Loading a bicycle
• 26-inch tyres
  • which ones fit — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
• 3-4-5 triangle
  • drawing with strings — Navy Mathematics Vol. 1 p. 199
  • squaring a corner — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• 3.980 MHz
  • Oregon Emergency Net — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• 3D model
  • ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › See it in 3D
• 3D printing
  • mesh radio base for the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The parts to print and etch
  • printer riser and Pi base for the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The parts to print and etch
• 40 meters
  • regional, day and night — Radio › The main ham bands and what they do
• 6-8-10 method — see Squaring a corner
• 6-8-10 triangle — see 3-4-5 triangle
• 7-10 rule — see Seven-ten rule
  • how fast radiation drops — What to expect › 10. Nuclear attack and fallout
• 700C and 650B — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
• 72-hour kit
  • old advice — too short here — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
• 9-volt batteries
  • tape the terminals — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• 911
  • old books assume it — Home protection › Old advice in the library to ignore
• 915 MHz
  • radios for the US — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 2. What to buy

A

• A-frame level
  • staking contour lines — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• AA batteries
  • storing, testing, using up — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• AA battery case
  • running a handheld when its pack dies — Using a radio › Running it on AA cells when the pack dies
• AA battery tray
  • for a handheld — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• AAA batteries — see AA batteries
• ABCDE — see MARCH
• Able, Boy phonetic alphabet
  • old advice — use NATO — Signals & Morse › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Abney level
  • measuring slope — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Abscess — see CL
• Absenteeism
  • more off work than are sick — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Absorption refrigerator
  • burner care and CO — Heat into power › Burner care and carbon monoxide
  • how it works — Heat into power › How a flame makes cold
  • leveling, heat, gas pressure — Heat into power › Keeping an absorption refrigerator running
  • propane and kerosene use — Heat into power › Fuel: how long a tank lasts
• Accumulator
  • release the pressure — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Hydraulic dangers: injected oil and falling loads
• Acetaminophen — see Paracetamol
  • 4,000 mg a day limit — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Achilles tendon
  • loading, rupture — Rehab & recovery › Tendons: tennis elbow, Achilles and overuse
• Acid foods
  • which can go in a water bath — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
• Acid spill
  • baking soda — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
• Acorn bread
  • a dry kind that keeps a month — First peoples' skills › Acorn bread and cakes
  • an earth-oven loaf, 12 hours — First peoples' skills › Acorn bread and cakes
  • cakes on a tilted rock — First peoples' skills › Acorn bread and cakes
• Acorn flour
  • goes rancid — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • in bread (¼–½ of the flour) — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
• Acorn mush
  • and acorn bread that keeps — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Acorn soup
  • hot stones in a basket, how much water — First peoples' skills › Acorn soup, the everyday meal
• Acorns
  • Takelma black acorn — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • burning under oaks for a better crop — First peoples' skills › Tending the land with fire
  • feeding to pigs — Pigs › Acorns and other mast
  • gathering and drying — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • leaching (hot, running, daily change) — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • leaching in a sand basin — First peoples' skills › Leaching in a sand basin
  • mush by stone-boiling, acorn bread — First peoples' skills › Stone-boiling mush and baking bread
  • shelling and pounding in a basket hopper — First peoples' skills › Acorns: from tree to mush
  • when leaching is done — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • which oaks, how many a family needs — First peoples' skills › Acorns: from tree to mush
• Acre
  • 43,560 sq ft; a 208.7-ft square — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Acre-foot — Dams, weirs & ditches › Small dams and farm ponds
• Activated carbon — see Activated charcoal
• Activated charcoal
  • for mushroom poisoning — Mushrooms › If someone may have eaten a bad mushroom
  • vs. plain charcoal — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
  • when it helps — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
• Activated sludge — Town water & sewer › The treatment plant
• Acute radiation syndrome — see Radiation sickness
• Address
  • finding a house number on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Address sign
  • reflective, visible at night — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Adobe
  • in a wet climate — Shelter › Earth building — with the Cascadia caution
  • making bricks — Shelter › Earth building — with the Cascadia caution
  • mud mortar — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
• Adze
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Aflatoxin
  • moldy grain kills ducklings — Ducks › Moldy grain and other poisons
• Afridev pump — see Deep-well hand pump
• After a burglary
  • what to do and record — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
• Afterbirth — see Placenta
  • cow: never pull it — Cattle › Calving: when and how to help
  • never pull it — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Aftershocks
  • for months afterward — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Age of a horse
  • by the teeth — Horses › Choosing an animal
  • teeth drawings — Mouths by age, USDA FB 779 p. 8
• Age of cattle
  • from the teeth — Cattle › Is a cow right for your land?
• Age of goats
  • from the teeth — Goats › Choosing goats: milk, meat or brush
• Aging meat
  • when not to — Hunting & fishing › Cooling meat in our heat
• AGM batteries
  • equalizing voltage — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
• AI
  • on a Raspberry Pi — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › What to buy
  • stopped on this device — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
  • which size I'll get — Start on any device › Which AI will I get?
• Aiming a mirror
  • V of fingers, or a stake — Signals & Morse › Signal mirrors
• Aiming off
  • on purpose — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Air brakes
  • drawing of a typical system — TM 9-8000, p. 680
  • pressures, draining tanks — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Air brakes
• Air filter
  • chainsaw — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • small engines — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Air horn
  • general alarm signal — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
• Air horn or siren
  • alarm use only — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• Air in the water
  • sputtering taps — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Air lock (diesel) — Engines › Diesel engines
• Air quality
  • without reports — see Smoke
• Air tank — see Compressed air
• Airbags
  • leave in place — Salvage & repurposing › Cars and trucks: a whole parts store
• Aircraft
  • signaling to a plane or helicopter — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Airway
  • clearing it; jaw thrust — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Alarm animals
  • geese — Geese › Geese as alarm "guards": what they can and can't do
• Alarm signals
  • agree in advance — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• Alarms
  • bells, cans and gravel — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
• Albert Alexander
  • the first penicillin patient, and how it ended — How antibiotics came to be › 1939–1941: Oxford, and the first patient
• Alcohol
  • the strength that kills germs — Making medicines › Alcohol: the strength that works
• Alcohol fuel
  • making and using — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
  • still diagram — Column still, SERI p. 46
• Alcohol on the cord
  • old advice — don't — Childbirth & kids › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Alcohol withdrawal
  • diazepam plan, DTs — Chronic illness › Medicines you must never stop suddenly
• Alder bark
  • brown dye — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Alkaline batteries
  • what they are good for — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
• Allergic reaction
  • rash, itching, wheezing after a medicine — Medicines › If this goes wrong
  • swelling, trouble breathing — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Allergic reaction to stings — see Bee stings
• Aloe
  • burns — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Alpha Bravo Charlie — see Phonetic alphabet
• Alternating current — Power grid › AC, 60 cycles and staying in step
• Alternator — see Car alternator
  • as a generator — Salvage & repurposing › The alternator, and the wind question
  • charging a battery bank — Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed
  • is it charging? — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › The 12-volt battery and charging
  • never polarize (old advice) — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • rules: polarity, never open circuit — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › The 12-volt battery and charging
• Altitude
  • canning settings at 1,300 ft — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
• Alum — photos
  • coagulation — Town water & sewer › Treatment, step by step
  • dose (⅛ tsp per gallon) — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
  • mordant for wool — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Aluminium frame
  • can't be brazed — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Aluminum foil — see Foil wrap
• AM radio
  • reaches farther at night — Signals & Morse › Listening when you can't transmit
• Amanita
  • cup, ring and white gills — leave alone — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Amanita phalloides — see Death cap
• Amanita smithiana
  • grows beside matsutake — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Amateur radio — see Ham radio
• Amatoxin — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Amazon Fire tablet — Start on any device › Put old devices to work — set them up now
• American foulbrood
  • rope test photo — Stretch test, FAO 2006 p. 11
  • spotty brood, sunken cappings — Bees › Foulbrood and other brood diseases
• American Morse code
  • old advice — don't — Signals & Morse › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Amlodipine, enalapril, hydrochlorothiazide
  • doses — Chronic illness › High blood pressure
• Ammo can
  • 3D model of the build — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › See it in 3D
  • building it step by step — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Build it, step by step
  • library computer inside — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • packing and sealing the lid — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Packing and sealing
  • parts to print and laser etch — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The parts to print and etch
  • scrape gasket edge, tape the seam — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
  • steel, not plastic — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › What to buy
• Amoxicillin
  • children's dose — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Amp-hours
  • why the rating depends on the drain — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
• Anaphylaxis — see Allergic reaction
• Anatolian Shepherd
  • as a guardian dog — Dogs › Guardian dogs: breeds and choosing a pup
  • guardian dog — photos
• Anchor bolts
  • spacing (6 ft, 4 ft) — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
• Anchors
  • stakes for a rope — Knots & rope › Lifting and hauling: block and tackle
• Android
  • setting up with Termux — Start on any device › Android tablet or phone
• Anemia
  • piglets on floors — Pigs › Piglets: crushing, cold, teeth and iron
• Angel wings — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Angel's trumpet
  • poisonous — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
• Angles
  • by hand at arm's length — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Angora rabbit
  • wool, shearing — Rabbits › Pelts and Angora wool
• Angora rabbits
  • wool — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Angry person
  • calming them — Community & barter › Calming an angry person
• Animal milk
  • not under 6 months — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Annealing
  • softening steel — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Annulus — see Ring on the stem
• Antenna
  • holding it upright — Using a radio › The antenna
  • never transmit without one — Using a radio › The antenna
  • screw it on before switching on (mesh radio) — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The mesh radio (optional)
• Antenna height
  • matters more than watts — Radio › 1. The quick version — what to grab and what to know
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 7. Range: getting a message across
• Antenna length
  • 468 ÷ MHz — Radio › Build a wire antenna (half-wave dipole)
• Antennas
  • disconnect the coax — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
  • height, length, line of sight — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
• Anthrax
  • animal products in plaster — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
  • never cut the carcass open — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
• Anti-seep collar — Dams, weirs & ditches › Pipes, trees and burrowing animals
• Anti-siphon screen — Fuel › Drums and vehicles
• Antibiotic resistance
  • why antibiotics stop working, with the numbers — How antibiotics came to be › Why antibiotics stop working
• Antibiotics
  • finish the course — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
  • livestock need a prescription — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
  • not helping — Medicines › If this goes wrong
  • where they came from, and what it would take again — How antibiotics came to be › The stories: who, when, and how long
  • why home-made ones fail — Making medicines › Why most home-made antibiotics fail
• Antidepressants
  • doses, stopping over 4 weeks — Chronic illness › Mental illness and psychiatric medicines
• Antifreeze
  • 60/40 mix, glycerin as a stand-in — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cooling: radiator, hoses and belts
  • poison — Salvage & repurposing › Seats, belts, fuel and fluids
  • poisoning of animals and children — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cooling: radiator, hoses and belts
  • salt brine (old advice) — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Antiseptics
  • alcohol, iodine, bleach, soap — Making medicines › Antiseptics, alcohol and sterilizing
• Antivenom
  • the only real treatment — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
• Ants
  • borax and sugar — Make-do household › Pests
• Ants in the house — see Carpenter ants
• Anvil
  • height — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • parts drawing — Anvil, Selvidge p. 129
  • photos — photos
  • substitutes (rail, steel block) — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Apiary
  • where to put the hives, shade, water — Bees › Where to put the hives
• Apple trees
  • from seed — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Apples
  • steamed pudding, fritters — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
  • storing apart from vegetables — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Aquifer — photos
• Arbitration
  • three neutral members — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Archaeological sites
  • don't dig; report finds — First peoples' skills › Respect and the law
• Area
  • rectangle, triangle, circle, trapezoid — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Arguments
  • calming them — see Angry person
• Arithmetic
  • Ray's books — Childbirth & kids › Keeping children learning at home
  • lessons with practice problems — 📖 Ray's New Practical Arithmetic
  • teaching children with beans and pebbles — Stories & games › Teaching reading and numbers at the kitchen table
• ARK Vault
  • 3D model — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › See it in 3D
  • building it — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Build it, step by step
  • its mesh radios — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 11. The ARK Vault's mesh radios
  • setting up the Pi — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
  • what it is and how it works — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • what's inside and what stays outside — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The idea
• ARL numbered texts
  • "Everyone safe here" — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Arm signals (Morse)
  • call with AA AA AA — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Armature
  • testing — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Arnica
  • outside only — Making medicines › Other pain helpers
• Arrow (ground symbol)
  • proceeding this way — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
• Arrows
  • straightening shafts, setting points — First peoples' skills › Tools: bows, arrows, points, wedges and soaproot
• Arsenic
  • old fur recipes — don't — Clothing & leather › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • test at least once — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Arsenic on hides
  • old advice — poison — Hunting & fishing › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Arson
  • protecting the house — Home protection › Fire as a threat to your home
• Artificial insemination
  • Broad-Breasted turkeys need it — Turkeys › Choosing turkeys that breed on their own
• Asbestos
  • brake dust — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Brakes
  • natural, in serpentine soil — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food
  • old advice — don't — Bicycles & carts › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • old mortar recipe — Mortar, concrete & roads › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • old shingles, siding, heat shields — don't cut — Shelter › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • serpentine soil — see Serpentine soil
• Ash
  • cleanup after a fire — Wildfire › Ash, ruins and wells
  • covering each use — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
  • handles — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
  • washing hands without soap — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
• Ash baking
  • loaves in the ashes — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Ash cake — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Ash fall — see Volcanic ash
• Ash in water
  • after a wildfire — Water purification › After a wildfire
• Ashes
  • metal can, how long — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • start wildfires — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
• Askarel — see PCB
• Asparagus
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Aspergillosis
  • moldy straw — Geese › Health with no vet
• Asphalt
  • hot work and fire safety — Mortar, concrete & roads › Asphalt, tar and pitch: what you can and can't do
  • old asphalt as gravel — Mortar, concrete & roads › Asphalt, tar and pitch: what you can and can't do
  • patching potholes, cold patch — Mortar, concrete & roads › Asphalt, tar and pitch: what you can and can't do
  • pothole repair drawing — FM 5-436, p. 120
  • what it is — Mortar, concrete & roads › Asphalt, tar and pitch: what you can and can't do
• Aspirin
  • chewed for a heart attack — Chronic illness › Chest pain
  • compared with willow bark — Making medicines › Willow bark ⚠️
  • low-dose against pre-eclampsia — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • never for children or teens — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Aspirin for children
  • old advice — don't — Practical math › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Aspirin in the jar
  • old advice — don't — Preserving food › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Asthma
  • inhalers, spacers, prednisolone doses — Chronic illness › Asthma and COPD
• Asthma attack
  • salbutamol puffs — Chronic illness › An asthma attack
• Atenolol
  • dose, never stop suddenly — Chronic illness › High blood pressure
• Atmospheric river
  • heavy rain warning — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
  • rain on snow — Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
  • winter storms and floods — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Atomic bomb — see Nuclear attack, Nuclear explosion
• Attack point — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Attack warning signal
  • wavering siren or short blasts — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
• Aurora
  • seen as far south as Oregon — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
  • sign of a strong solar storm — What to expect › 9. Solar storm or EMP
• Autoclave — see Pressure canner
• Avalanche
  • warning signs — On foot › Snow and the passes
• Avian influenza
  • signs, what to do — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Away from home
  • never announce it — Home protection › Don't be a target
• AWG
  • 12, 16, 18 and 22 AWG wire in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
• Awl
  • moccasin awl, bone awl — Clothing & leather › Tools and thread
• Ax — see Axe
• Axe
  • forging one — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
  • hanging a new handle — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • loose head — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • never use it as a wedge — 📖 U. of Minnesota, p. 12
  • parts drawing — Parts of an ax, An Ax to Grind p. 9
  • photos — photos
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Axe handle
  • best woods and grain — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • the wood and fitting it — Woodworking › Tool handles
• Azalea and rhododendron
  • drooling, vomiting, bloat — Goats › Plants that poison goats here
• Azimuth — see Bearing

B

• Babies
  • KI dose, nursing mother's KI doesn't protect — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
  • feeding in a shortage — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
• Baby barely moving
  • moves only when touched — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Baby food
  • 6–24 months, thick porridge — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
• Baby not breathing — see Newborn
• Baby rabbits — see Kits
• Back azimuth
  • the way back — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
• Back cut — see Felling
• Back injury — see Spine injury
• Back pain
  • red flags — Rehab & recovery › Red flags: when to stop and get the best help you can
  • stay active, exercises — Rehab & recovery › Low back
• Back to work
  • pacing, firewood, water — Rehab & recovery › Lifting, carrying and getting back to work
• Backfeed
  • from a neighbor's generator — Power grid › A dead line can come back to life
• Backfeeding
  • kills line workers — Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed
  • never — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
  • never plug into a wall outlet — Illinois Valley › Off-grid power and creek hydro · Transfer switch diagram, FEMA P-1019 p. 125
• Backfire — see Burning out
• Backflow
  • cross-connections — Town water & sewer › Backflow and boil-water notices
• Backpack — see Pack
  • normal day load — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Backpacking
  • how much to carry — On foot › How much to carry
  • planning a trip on foot — On foot › Planning a trip
• Backstitch — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Backward calf
  • pull quickly — Cattle › Calving: when and how to help
• Backwater valve — Town water & sewer › When the town's sewer fails
• Bacon
  • curing — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
  • curing and keeping — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Bacteria test
  • H2S strip turns black — Water purification › Simple tests
• Bag and mask
  • newborn — Childbirth & kids › A baby who isn't breathing
• Bail-can
  • drawing — Bail-can, NWSS 1979 p. 77
• Bailer — see Well bucket
• Bait
  • sweet baits for raccoon — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
• Bait hive
  • catching swarms by itself — Bees › Bait hives
• Baked beans
  • 6–8 hours — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Baked custard
  • keep the water below boiling — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese · Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
• Baking powder
  • homemade (soda + cream of tartar) — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
• Baking soda
  • in Dakin's solution — Making medicines › Dakin's solution: weak bleach for dirty wounds
  • with sour milk or buttermilk — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
• Balance
  • 4-stage balance ladder — Rehab & recovery › Balance and walking again
• Bales — see Straw bale
• Ballast load
  • dump load — Power grid › Keeping frequency and voltage steady
• Bandwidth — see Narrow and wide
• Banner on a pole
  • shows the wind — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
• Bannock
  • camp bread in a frying pan — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Bantams
  • small eaters, spare broodies — Chickens › Choosing breeds that renew themselves
• Banting
  • the Toronto insulin work — How antibiotics came to be › 1921–1923: insulin, the fastest of them all
• Baofeng
  • packing one in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The handheld radio (optional)
• Baofeng UV-5R
  • button by button — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Barbecue
  • basting dressing — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
• Barbed wire entanglements
  • old advice — don't — Home protection › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Barber chair (trunk splits up) — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Barber pole worm — see Worms
• Barefoot
  • going without shoes — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
• Bark tanning
  • oak, hemlock, tanoak bark — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
  • sole and harness leather — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Barley
  • cooking time — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Barley bread — see Rieska
• Barley water
  • for the sick — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Barn doors
  • bars and latches — Home protection › Outbuildings, fuel and the well
  • fastening drawings — Handy Farm Devices, p. 194
• Barn fire
  • getting horses out — Wildfire › Animals and livestock
• Barometer
  • falling, what it means — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Barrel stove — Salvage & repurposing › 55-gallon drums and IBC totes
• Barrels — see Drums (55-gallon)
• Barriers
  • must not hurt, trap or block — Home protection › Fortifying the property: barriers that delay without harming
• Barter
  • in a depression — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
  • three-way trades — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
  • what trades well — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Barter group
  • setting one up — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Basement
  • best fallout shelter — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
  • pumping out after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Going back in
• Basement storage room — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
  • cross-section drawing — Storage room cross-section, Pub. 1478 p. 11
• Basket
  • a twined basket step by step — First peoples' skills › Baskets
  • materials and when to gather them — First peoples' skills › Baskets
• Basting mop
  • for meat over a fire — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
• Batter boards — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber · Practical math › Right angles and layout
  • drawing — Batter boards, AH 73 p. 10
• Batteries
  • car and dry cells, making them last — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • car batteries — avoid — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • car vs deep-cycle, recharging — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
  • cold, heat and freezing — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • dead lead-acid, lithium — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
  • every type compared — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
  • how full? (voltage) — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • how long they last (cycles) — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 10. Power
  • pull them from stored electronics — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
  • series and parallel — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • series and parallel drawing — Connections, Practical Action p. 1
  • storing — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • what to do with dead ones — Salvage & repurposing › Solar garden lights and spent batteries
  • which kind for solar — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
• Batteries in the fridge
  • does it help? — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• Battery
  • LiFePO4 in the ammo can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › What to buy
  • checking it with the meter — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
  • how long it will run — Practical math › Electricity by the numbers
  • how long the library computer runs — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
  • storing energy without one — Storing energy › How much each way holds: the honest numbers
• Battery (12-volt)
  • charging voltage 13.2–14.5 V — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › The 12-volt battery and charging
  • freezes when flat — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › The 12-volt battery and charging
• Battery (radio)
  • charging, cold and heat, a spare — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Battery acid
  • burns, and what to wash with — Batteries › Dangers
  • in eyes or on skin — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Battery bank
  • sizing (days of backup) — Off-grid power › A worked example
• Battery box
  • venting, where to put it — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Battery capacity — see Amp-hours
• Battery charger
  • what to look for in one — Batteries › Rechargeable AAs, and what they are not
• Battery charging
  • 12 V, over 14 V is too hard — Engines › Motors as generators
• Battery corrosion
  • in a flashlight or radio — see Leaking batteries
• Battery dangers
  • the whole list — Batteries › Dangers
• Battery dies fast — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong
• Battery disposal
  • never burn one — Batteries › Dangers
• Battery eliminator
  • running a handheld off 12 volts — Using a radio › Running it on AA cells when the pack dies
• Battery explosion
  • hydrogen and sparks — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Battery faults
  • what happened and what to do — Batteries › If this goes wrong
• Battery fire
  • lithium — soak with water — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
• Battery life (radio)
  • why it is short — Using a radio › 11. If this goes wrong
• Battery management system — see BMS
• Battery pack
  • when a handheld's pack will not hold a charge — Using a radio › Running it on AA cells when the pack dies
• Battery packs
  • what is inside one — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
• Battery radios
  • keep them in the shelter — Signals & Morse › Listening when you can't transmit
  • small sets survive — EMP › What the tests actually found
• Battery recycling — see Battery disposal
• Battery storage
  • cool and dry, and how much heat costs — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
  • lithium at 20 to 40 per cent — Using a radio › 9. Looking after radios
• Battery terminals
  • cleaning and grease — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
  • corrosion and cleaning — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Battery types — see Batteries
• Battery voltage
  • 12.0 V empty, 12.9 V full — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
• Battery water
  • distilled, after charging — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
• Battery won't hold a charge
  • sulfation, equalizing — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
• Bay leaves
  • don't stop grain bugs — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
• Bay nuts
  • roasting (350 °F) — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
• Bayberry
  • drawing — Candleberry, Saunders p. 277
  • wax for candles — Candles & lamps › Fat and wax: where it comes from and how much
• Bean bags
  • how to make — Stories & games › Group and outdoor games
• Bean hole
  • beans baked in a pit — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Bean pot
  • a lard pail does as well — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Bean soup — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Bean weevils
  • freeze seed 3 days — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Beans
  • canning — pressure, 15 lb here — Food from scratch › Staples
  • pounds to store per year — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
  • soaking and cooking — Food from scratch › Staples
  • soaking to save fuel — Food when scarce › Cooking with little fuel
• Bear — see Black bear
• Bear canister
  • hanging food from bears — On foot › Food storage in bear country
• Bear fence
  • wire heights, voltage — Bees › Bears and fire season
• Bear meat
  • boiled before drying; the hide singed — First peoples' skills › Deer, elk and bear: fat cakes and bone soup
  • trichinella, cook to 165 °F — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
• Bearberry (uva-ursi, kinnikinnick)
  • bladder — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Beargrass
  • pull, never cut; burn for new leaves — First peoples' skills › Baskets
• Bearing
  • map to compass and back — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
  • taking one twice — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
• Bearings
  • motor bearings, greasing — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Bears
  • electric fence for hives — Bees › Bears and fire season
  • garbage, compost and feed — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
  • guardian dogs chase off black bears — Dogs › What guardian dogs can and can't do
• Beaver
  • as food — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
  • dams — Dams, weirs & ditches › Kinds of dams
  • trapping — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
• Bed rest
  • exercise in bed — Rehab & recovery › After long bed rest
• Bed sores
  • positions — Rehab & recovery › Stiff joints and bed sores
  • preventing them — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
• Bedding
  • no sleeping bag — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Bedridden person
  • turning every 2 hours — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
• Bedtime
  • story, talk, lamps out — Stories & games › A simple evening routine
• Bedwetting
  • after a fright — Stories & games › If this goes wrong
• Bee calendar
  • Illinois Valley month by month — Bees › The colony's year in the Illinois Valley
• Bee forage
  • what blooms and what to plant — Bees › Forage, water and planting for bees
• Bee gear
  • veil, smoker, hive tool you can make — Bees › Gear you can make
• Bee lining — see Bee tree
• Bee space
  • 3/8 inch, 1 3/8 in frame spacing — Bees › Building Langstroth boxes from scrap
• Bee stings
  • scrape out the stinger — Bees › Stings and allergic reactions
  • whole-body reaction — epinephrine — Bees › Stings and allergic reactions
• Bee tree
  • finding by bee-lining, cutting out — Bees › Bee trees and cut-outs
• Beef
  • butchering a steer — Cattle › Slaughter and butchering
  • keeping it with no freezer — Cattle › No freezer: what to do with 400 lb of beef
• Beef jelly
  • broth for someone ill — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
  • for someone who is ill — Cattle › Cooking it
• Beef stew
  • with dumplings — Cattle › Cooking it
• Beef tea
  • custard for the weak — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Beehives
  • top-bar vs. Langstroth vs. log — Bees › Hives: top-bar, Langstroth or log
• Bees
  • don't move or harvest hives — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
  • how a colony works, worker, queen, drone — Bees › How a colony works
• Bees fighting at the entrance
  • robbing — Bees › If this goes wrong
• Beeswax
  • candles: poured, rolled, containers — Candles & lamps › Moulds, pouring and rolled beeswax candles
  • how much a hive yields — Candles & lamps › Fat and wax: where it comes from and how much
  • pasteurization indicator — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • photos — photos
  • plucking ducks — Ducks › Waxing with beeswax
  • rendering safely, solar melter — Bees › Beeswax: rendering and uses
  • waxing thread — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Beets
  • 1–4 hours; old ones never tender — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots · Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
  • canning time — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • crossing with chard — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Biennials: seed in the second year
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Before antibiotics
  • what people died of, and how often — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• Bell
  • alarm use only — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• Bellows — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • drawing — Bellows, ICS p. 21
• Belly pain — see Colic
  • in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Belt drive
  • pulley sizes, losses, tension — Engines › Matching it to a water wheel or wind rotor
• Bending
  • over the horn — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Beneficial insects — Seed bank › Growing it here
• Bent crank — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Benzene
  • from fire-damaged plastic pipes — Water purification › After a wildfire
• Benzine rubber cement
  • old advice — don't — Bicycles & carts › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Benzodiazepines
  • withdrawal — Chronic illness › Medicines you must never stop suddenly
• Beriberi
  • signs and prevention — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Berms
  • earth banks at the boundary — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Berry cakes
  • dried, mashed, wrapped in leaves — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Bicycle
  • loading it — Bicycles & carts › Loading a bicycle
  • names of the parts — Labeled bicycle, Adult Cycling Manual p. 30
  • parts from a dead one — Salvage & repurposing › Bicycles
• Bicycle ambulance
  • carrying the injured — Bicycles & carts › Bicycle trailers: welded steel or no-weld pallets
• Bicycle trailer
  • from pallets, no welding — Bicycles & carts › Bicycle trailers: welded steel or no-weld pallets
  • photos — photos
  • welded steel — Bicycles & carts › Bicycle trailers: welded steel or no-weld pallets
• Biennials
  • seed in the second year — Seed bank › Biennials: seed in the second year
• Big Dipper
  • pointer stars — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Big earthquake
  • what happens hour by hour — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Bight
  • never stand in one — Knots & rope › Safe around a loaded rope
• Bigleaf maple — see Maple syrup
  • firewood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • furniture, woodenware — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Bike rack — see Carrier (bike rack)
• Biochar
  • making and using — Building soil & permaculture › Biochar
• Biocide
  • for diesel — Fuel › Diesel care
• Biodiesel
  • making it safely — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
• Biosand filter
  • 2 inches of standing water — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
  • building one, full manual — 📖 CAWST Biosand Filter Construction Manual
  • cold winter water — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
  • daily use, 30 days to mature — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
  • labeled cut-away — Biosand filter parts, CAWST p. 17
  • layers of gravel and sand — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
  • slow flow — swirl and dump — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
• Birch bark
  • writing on — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
• Bird dogs
  • training to point and fetch — Dogs › Hunting dogs: bird dogs and Oregon law
• Bird flu — see Avian influenza
  • dead birds — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
  • ducks carry it — Ducks › Duck health with no vet
  • wild waterfowl, geese — Geese › Health with no vet
• Bird in milk — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
• Birds covered with leaves
  • bobcat — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Birth kit
  • what to have ready — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
• Biscuits — Food from scratch › Staples
• Bisecting a line or angle — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Bites
  • dog, cat, human — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Black bear
  • habits; hunt with the wind in your face — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
  • meeting one on the trail — On foot › Meeting a bear or a cougar
  • photos — photos
• Black bears
  • electric fence, locked-up feed — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Black dye
  • tannin and iron — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Black hawthorn
  • native hedge tree — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Black oak
  • acorn crops, no summer water — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
  • acorns — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
• Black soldier fly
  • larvae as chicken feed — Chickens › Range, bugs and worms
• Black specks in fuel
  • grit, rust or microbe slime — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
• Black start — Power grid › Why restarting takes days, weeks or months
• Black walnut
  • not in garden beds — Building soil & permaculture › Which wood
• Black walnut shavings
  • cause founder — Horses › If this goes wrong
• Black widow
  • bite: cramps, hard belly — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
  • photos — photos
• Black-tailed deer
  • photos — photos
  • where, when, rut and fawns — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
• Blackberries
  • jam — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
  • tip layering — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Blackboard
  • paint recipe — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
• Blackhead
  • signs, liver, what to do in an outbreak — Turkeys › Blackhead: why turkeys and chickens don't mix
  • turkeys and chickens kept apart — Turkeys › Blackhead: why turkeys and chickens don't mix
• Blackout — see Power out for weeks
  • why one fault spreads — Power grid › Why one fault can black out a region
• Bladder infection
  • cranberry, bearberry — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Blanket roll — On foot › Packs you can make
• Blast wave
  • stay down until it passes — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
• Bleach
  • 1:10 for mouse droppings — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
  • cleaning up after a spoiled jar — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
  • cloudy or very cold water — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • diluting to a weaker strength — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
  • disinfecting a well — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
  • dose for disinfecting surfaces — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
  • dose for drinking water — 📖 EPA bleach-drops table, p. 2
  • dose for drinking water (8 drops 6%) — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • drops per gallon of water — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • for drinking water — 📖 EPA dosing table
  • for washing wounds (Dakin's) — Making medicines › Dakin's solution: weak bleach for dirty wounds
  • never mix with ammonia or vinegar — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
  • never mix with urine, ammonia or vinegar — Sanitation › Chlorine strengths from household bleach
  • shelf life — use within a year — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • strengths for hands, floors, feces — Sanitation › Chlorine strengths from household bleach
  • waiting time (30 minutes; longer cold) — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Bleeding
  • after childbirth — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
  • after the birth — see Bleeding after birth
  • first steps, tourniquet — Medicines › The first few minutes
  • from the vagina in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • groin, armpit or neck — pack the wound — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
  • pressure bandage, not tourniquet — Horses › Health checks and first aid
  • spurting or pooling — tourniquet first — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
  • still bleeding with a tourniquet on — Injuries › If this goes wrong
• Bleeding a diesel — see Air lock (diesel)
• Bleeding after birth
  • feeling the womb every 15 minutes — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
  • how much is too much — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
  • squeezing the womb, fist on the belly — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
  • squeezing-the-womb drawing — Bimanual compression, MCPC p. 178
  • the MOTIVE steps — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
• Bleeding gums
  • scurvy — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Blending old and fresh fuel
  • ratios — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
• Blisters
  • from a burn — leave them — Injuries › Burns
  • hot spots and prevention — On foot › Blisters
  • taping hot spots — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
  • when to drain one — On foot › Blisters
• Blizzard — Floods, storms & heat › Windstorms
• BLM land
  • shown on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• BLM roads
  • numbers, gates and closures on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Bloat
  • cattle; puncture site — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
  • in dogs — Dogs › Health with no vet: parasites, foxtails and sickness
  • rabbits — Rabbits › Other troubles
  • swollen left side — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Block and tackle — Knots & rope › Lifting and hauling: block and tackle
  • pull needed — Practical math › Levers, pulleys and loads
• Block captain — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Block walls
  • vertical bars — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• Blocking diode — Engines › Motors as generators
• Blood clot
  • prevent, spot, never rub — Rehab & recovery › Blood clots: prevent them, spot them, never rub them
• Blood loss — see Bleeding
• Blood poisoning — see Sepsis
  • what it meant before antibiotics — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• Blood pressure
  • 140/90 in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • warning numbers after the birth — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
• Blood pressure cuff
  • and other tools to stock — Chronic illness › Tools worth having
• Blood stains
  • cold water first — Make-do household › Laundry
• Blood trail
  • following wounded game — Hunting & fishing › Safe shooting, shot placement and tracking
• Bloody diarrhea
  • in the house — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Bloody droppings
  • chicks (coccidiosis) — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Blotting paper
  • why ink spreads — Paper & ink › Sizing: making paper take ink
• Blowdown
  • boiler — Heat into power › Water level: the gauge glass and the try-cocks
• Blower
  • forge air — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Bluetooth PIN
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 4. Setting up a radio, step by step
• Blurred vision or spots
  • in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• BMS
  • the management board — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
• BMS (battery management system) — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
• Boar taint — see Castration
• Board feet
  • how to figure — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Board games
  • home-made — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Boarding up windows
  • planks and tape in an emergency — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
• Boars
  • dangerous; never turn your back — Pigs › Predators, and pigs as a danger
• Bobcat
  • photos — photos
• Body condition
  • sheep, feeling under the wool — Sheep › Feeding with no feed store: pasture, hay and water
• Body condition score
  • ribs, back, tailhead — Horses › Feeding and water
• Body measurements
  • span, cubit, pace, thumb — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
• Body signals to aircraft
  • drawing — Body signals, FM 21-60 p. 59
  • pick us up, all OK, need medical help — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Boil-water notice
  • why — Town water & sewer › Backflow and boil-water notices
• Boiled dinner
  • meat and vegetables in one kettle — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots
  • one kettle, potatoes last — Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar · Cattle › Cooking it
• Boiled fowl — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
  • tied in a cloth, salt last hour — Chickens › Cooking it
• Boiled water
  • how long it keeps — Water purification › Storing water safely
• Boiler
  • gauge glass and try-cocks — Heat into power › Water level: the gauge glass and the try-cocks
  • low water: what to do — Heat into power › If the water is low
  • old advice to ignore — Heat into power › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • safety valve — Heat into power › The safety valve
  • testing with water — Heat into power › Testing with water, never with steam or air
  • what never to use as one — Heat into power › What never to use as a boiler
  • why boilers explode — Heat into power › Why boilers explode
• Boiler explosion — Heat into power › Why boilers explode
• Boiler safety — Heat into power › Boiler safety: read this before you light a fire under anything closed
• Boiling instruments
  • clean, not sterile — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Boiling meat
  • start in cold water — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Boiling milk — see Pasteurizing milk
• Boiling water
  • does not remove radioactivity — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • how long (1-minute rolling boil) — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • wood needed (½ lb per liter) — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Boletes
  • which to avoid — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Bollards
  • keeping vehicles out — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Bolting
  • lettuce and cabbage in summer heat — Seed bank › Growing it here
• Bond beam — see Ring beam
• Bonding and grounding
  • the Army way — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Bonding pen
  • raising a guardian pup — Dogs › Raising a guardian pup with the stock
• Bone broth
  • 6 lb shin, 3 quarts water — Cattle › Cooking it
• Bone soup
  • pounded deer bones — First peoples' skills › Deer, elk and bear: fat cakes and bone soup
• Boning meat
  • photos of each cut — Boning cuts, Wyoming p. 3
• Booby traps
  • illegal, why — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Books
  • keeping them from mold — Paper & ink › Keeping paper and books from mold
  • printing a page on the receipt printer — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
• Books worth finding
  • what to add if you ever come across it — How antibiotics came to be › Worth adding if you ever find them
• Booster cables — see Jump-starting
• Booster pump — Town water & sewer › Tanks on the hill, pumps and pressure
• Boot (tyre repair) — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Boots
  • care and drying — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
  • fit, breaking in, drying — On foot › Boots and socks
  • waterproofing grease recipe — Make-do household › Glue, patching and waterproofing
  • wet — drying slowly — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
• Borax
  • as a preservative — old advice, don't — Preserving food › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • pest bait — Make-do household › Pests
  • welding flux — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Boredom
  • games and things to do with no power — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Boring holes
  • brace and bit — Woodworking › Measuring, sawing and planing
• Bots
  • fall deworming — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Bottle jaw
  • worms — Goats › Worms with few or no dewormers
• Bottle-feeding kids
  • amounts and weaning — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Bottles
  • feed by cup instead — Childbirth & kids › Growth, malnutrition and toddler food
• Bottom first — see Breech birth
• Botulism
  • boil home-canned food 11 minutes — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
  • canned chanterelles — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
  • ducks, limberneck, stagnant ponds — Ducks › Moldy grain and other poisons
  • geese, stagnant ponds — Geese › Health with no vet
  • limberneck — Chickens › Health with no vet
  • sealing moist food — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
  • signs and symptoms — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
  • the germ (photos) — photos
  • what it is, why low-acid food needs a pressure canner — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
• Boulders
  • closing gaps to vehicles — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Bourbon Red turkey — Turkeys › Choosing turkeys that breed on their own
• Bow
  • making a sinew-backed yew bow — First peoples' skills › Tools: bows, arrows, points, wedges and soaproot
• Bow drill
  • drawing — Bow and drill, FM 3-05.70 p. 114
  • wood and size — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Bow hunting
  • aim point, draw weight, 40 yards — Hunting & fishing › Safe shooting, shot placement and tracking
• Bow trap
  • old advice — deadly to people — Hunting & fishing › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Bowed legs
  • rickets — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Bowline — Knots & rope › Bowline: a loop that won't slip or jam
  • round an animal's neck — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Box fan air filter — Illinois Valley › Smoke
• Box trap
  • catches animals alive — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
  • drawing — Box trap, Harding p. 147
• Brace and bit
  • bit sizes — Woodworking › The tool kit worth keeping
• Bracken fern
  • don't eat — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
  • poisons cattle slowly — Cattle › Plants that poison cattle here
  • staggers — Horses › Local dangers
• Brain tanning — see Buckskin
  • buckskin step by step — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
• Braised beef
  • 4 hours, very slow oven — Cattle › Cooking it
• Braising
  • 15 minutes to the pound — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts · Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took · Goats › Cooking it
• Brake cables
  • stretch when new — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Brake drum
  • forge fire pot — Salvage & repurposing › Leaf and coil springs
• Brake failure
  • on the road — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › If this goes wrong
• Brake fluid
  • DOT-3, silicone, never mineral oil — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Brakes
• Brakes
  • bleeding air out — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Brakes
  • drawing of a hydraulic brake system — TM 9-8000, p. 671
  • spongy pedal — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Brakes
  • testing the pedal — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Brakes
• Brakes (bicycle)
  • adjusting rim brakes — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
  • wet weather — Bicycles & carts › Illinois Valley hazards
• Bran and middlings
  • in duck mash — Ducks › Home-grown rations
• Brand inspection
  • Oregon cattle — Cattle › Castration, dehorning and marking
• Brazing
  • bicycle frame — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Bread
  • basic yeast loaf — Food from scratch › Staples
  • sourdough loaf — Food from scratch › Staples
  • too heavy — too much flour — Food from scratch › Staples
• Bread pudding
  • for stale bread — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
• Breadbox water heater — Storing energy › Solar water heaters you can build
• Break (pro-word)
  • unkey every minute or two — Using a radio › The transmit button (the PTT)
• Break-in
  • what to do — see Home invasion
• Breaker
  • keeps tripping — Power grid › A blown pole fuse and other simple faults
• Breakers
  • reset them — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Breaking strength
  • and safe working load — Knots & rope › Working load and breaking strength
• Breastfeeding
  • attachment drawing — Good and poor attachment, IYCF p. 42
  • breast milk only for 6 months — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
  • is the baby getting enough? — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
  • keep going when sick — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
  • mother was outside — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Breasts
  • overfull and hard — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Breathing exercises
  • deep breaths, broken ribs — Rehab & recovery › Breathing exercises
• Breech
  • found late in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Breech birth
  • bottom or feet first, no hospital — Childbirth & kids › Stuck shoulders and breech
• Breeding calendar
  • rabbits, month by month — Rabbits › A year's calendar for the valley
• Breeding cattle
  • heat, the bull, due date — Cattle › Breeding without AI
• Breeding dogs
  • heat, whelping, weaning — Dogs › Breeding and puppies
• Breeding goats
  • age and gestation — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Breeding pigs
  • heat signs, gestation 114 days — Pigs › Breeding, farrowing and piglets
• Breeding rabbits
  • age, mating, gestation, weaning — Rabbits › Breeding schedule and records
• Breeding stock
  • why never to take it — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Brewer's yeast
  • for ducklings — Ducks › Niacin and leg trouble in ducklings
• Brick cool chamber — Root cellars › Cooling without power
• Bridges
  • weight limits on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Brine
  • quench — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
  • sweet pickle, egg-float test — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
  • turned ropy — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Broad-Breasted turkeys
  • too heavy to mate naturally — Turkeys › Choosing turkeys that breed on their own
• Brockman soils — see Serpentine clay
• Broiled chicken
  • 20 minutes — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
  • 20 minutes over coals — Chickens › Cooking it
• Broilers
  • meat birds in 6–8 weeks — Chickens › Choosing breeds that renew themselves
• Broiling
  • times by thickness — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
• Broken antenna
  • splice or replace — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong
• Broken bones
  • bent limb with no pulse — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
  • splint drawings — Board splints, ATP pp. 146–148
  • splinting — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Broken tooth
  • temporary filling — Injuries › Teeth: pain and emergencies
• Broken window — see Windows
• Brood coop
  • for a turkey hen and poults — Turkeys › Raising poults with no power
  • for goslings — Geese › Raising goslings
  • hen and chicks at night — Chickens › Raising chicks with no heat lamp
• Brooding chicks
  • with a hen — Chickens › Raising chicks with no heat lamp
  • without a heat lamp — Chickens › Raising chicks with no heat lamp
• Broody hen
  • breaking her — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
  • hatching goose eggs — Geese › Eggs and hatching: under geese or hens
  • photos — photos
  • setting her on eggs — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
• Broody hens
  • chicken hen hatching turkey eggs — Turkeys › Eggs, broody hens and hatching
  • setting a turkey hen — Turkeys › Eggs, broody hens and hatching
• Broth
  • from bones, 7½ hours — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
  • from the carcass and feet — Chickens › Cooking it
• Brown recluse
  • not found in western Oregon — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
• Browse
  • blackberry, poison oak, oak leaves — Goats › Feeding with no feed store: browse, pasture and hay
• Browser
  • the library with no program — Start on any device › No program? Use the library in your web browser
• Browser didn't open
  • type the address — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
• Brucellosis
  • cattle; gloves at calving — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
  • from raw milk — Milk, butter & cheese › Raw milk dangers: brucellosis, TB and Listeria
• Brush clearing
  • with goats — Goats › Brush, fire breaks and fire season
• Brush piles
  • building and burning — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
  • smolder for weeks — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
• Brush rabbit
  • photos — photos
• Brushes
  • worn, seating new ones — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• BTU per cord — see Firewood
• Bubble-pack radios — see FRS and GMRS radios
• Buck
  • keep away from milking does — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Bucket
  • getting water out of a well — see Well bucket
• Bucket filter
  • gravel, sand, charcoal — not a germ barrier — Water purification › The bucket "layer filter" — gravel, sand, charcoal
• Bucket toilet — see Twin-bucket toilet
  • indoor vented bucket — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
  • winter on clay — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
• Bucking
  • log supported at both ends — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
  • which side to cut first — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Buckskin — see Brain tanning
  • brain tanning — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
  • softening when stiff — Clothing & leather › Caring for furs and leather clothes
  • went hard after rain — Clothing & leather › If this goes wrong
• Buckskin shirt — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Budding — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Bug-out bag — see Go-kit
• Bugs
  • in dried food (heat to kill eggs) — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
• Bugs in grain — see Weevils
• Building paper on straw
  • don't — see Plastic behind plaster
• Bulbs
  • brodiaeas, mariposa lilies, soaproot, yampah — First peoples' skills › Other bulbs and roots
• Bulging lid
  • throw the jar out — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
• Bull
  • sharing one; safety — Cattle › Breeding without AI
• Bulletproof wall — see Protective wall
• Bumblefoot
  • swollen foot — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Burglary
  • which houses get picked — Home protection › Layers: deter, detect, delay, respond
• Burial
  • grave depth and distance from water — Sanitation › Caring for the dead
• Buried barrel — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Burn barrel
  • how to build one — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
• Burn days
  • Josephine County burn line — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
• Burn permit
  • daily burn status line — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
  • slash piles, fire season — Wildfire › Burning on purpose: wet season only
• Burn scars
  • positions and stretching — Rehab & recovery › Burns: keeping scars from locking joints
• Burn test
  • telling cotton, wool, synthetic — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
• Burn-out latrine
  • old advice — don't — Sanitation › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Burned areas
  • past fires on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Burned motor
  • smell, rewinding — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Burned plastic pipes — see Benzene
• Burned steel
  • sparks, crumbly end — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Burning out
  • and backfiring — Wildfire › Burning out: mostly don't
• Burning trash
  • fire season — don't — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
  • what Oregon never allows — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
• Burnout — see Helpers
• Burns
  • chemical — Injuries › Burns
  • dressings and daily care — Injuries › Burns
  • drinking schedule for big burns — Injuries › Burns
  • first aid, cool water — Injuries › Burns
  • honey and oil dressing — Making medicines › Honey and sugar dressings
  • hot wax and fat — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
  • how big — palm and rule of nines — Injuries › Burns
  • keeping children safe; cooling a burn — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
  • passing little urine afterwards — Injuries › If this goes wrong
  • photos of burn depths — Burn depths, JTS p. 5
• Burnt smell
  • scorch marks — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Burro — see Donkeys
• Bushel
  • cubic feet in one — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Butchering
  • best in cool months — Food from scratch › The year at a glance
  • boning out deer and elk — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
  • hog-killing day plan, cold weather — Pigs › Planning a hog-killing day
  • pigs, step by step — Pigs › Butchering day
• Butter
  • churning — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • from cream: churning temperature — Milk, butter & cheese › Butter and buttermilk
  • from soured whole milk — Milk, butter & cheese › Butter and buttermilk
  • keeping it cool — Root cellars › Cooling without power
  • keeping without a fridge — Milk, butter & cheese › Butter and buttermilk
  • salt per pound (¾ oz) — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Butter won't come
  • too fresh or too cold — Milk, butter & cheese › What goes wrong: off flavors, spoilage, mold
• Buttermilk
  • cornmeal cooked in it — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
  • cultured — Milk, butter & cheese › Butter and buttermilk
• Button cells
  • keeping them away from children — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• Buttonholes
  • reworking — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Buttons
  • sewing on with a shank — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Buying a radio — see Radio kit
• Buzz or hum
  • interference — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong

C

• C and D cells — see AA batteries
• Cabbage
  • sauerkraut — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Biennials: seed in the second year
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Cabbage family
  • crossing — one per year — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
  • which crops belong — Seed bank › What's in the kit, by family
• Cables
  • coil what you can't remove — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Cache
  • hiding food — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
  • hiding food and gear along a route — On foot › Caches
• CAE
  • swollen knees, wasting — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Caging
  • row-cover cages for seed crops — Seed bank › Hand-pollinating and caging
• Calcium
  • oyster shell, eggshell — Chickens › Calcium, grit and salt
• Calcium chloride
  • not with steel — Mortar, concrete & roads › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Calcium hypochlorite — see Pool shock
• Calendar — see Storage calendar
• Calendula
  • skin — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Calf stuck — see Calving
• California bay laurel — see Bay nuts
• California black oak
  • firewood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• California quail
  • photos — photos
• Californian rabbit
  • photos — photos
• Call sign
  • when you must say it — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
• Call signs
  • how to call another station — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Calling a station
  • their call, DE, your call, K — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Calling for help
  • step by step — Radio › 9. How to call for help (procedure)
• Calling frequency — see 146.520 MHz
• Calories
  • a year's food for a family — Practical math › Food, medicine and time math
  • by age, sex and work — Food when scarce › How much food people need
  • crops for — Seed bank › Filling the calorie gap
  • extra in cold weather — Food when scarce › How much food people need
  • more for less work and water — Building soil & permaculture › More calories for less work and water
  • per person per day (2,100) — Food when scarce › How much food people need
  • pregnant and nursing women — Food when scarce › How much food people need
• Calves
  • bucket feeding and weaning — Cattle › Raising calves
• Calving
  • front or hind legs; chain placement — Cattle › Calving: when and how to help
  • when to help, pulling a calf — Cattle › Calving: when and how to help
• Camas — photos
  • digging and replanting — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • mark while it blooms — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • pit roasting — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • pit-roasting 24–36 hours — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • pit-roasting, Takelma way — First peoples' skills › Tending a camas bed and pit-roasting
  • telling it from death camas — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches · First peoples' skills › Telling camas from death camas
  • tending and replanting a bed — First peoples' skills › Tending a camas bed and pit-roasting
• Camas cakes
  • mashed, pan-shaped, kept for winter — First peoples' skills › Camas: the oven, and the cakes that got people through winter
• Camp
  • where and how to sleep on the trail — On foot › Camp and sleep
• Campsite
  • choosing one, hazards to avoid — On foot › Choosing a campsite
• Can lid or foil as a mirror — Signals & Morse › Signal mirrors
• Canada goose
  • wild, not a farm goose — Geese › Choosing breeds
• Cancer
  • mushroom add-on treatments — Mushrooms › Medicinal mushrooms
• Candle moulds — see Candles
• Candle test
  • for gas: don't — Town water & sewer › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Candles
  • dipping with tallow or beeswax — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
  • dripping, smoking, drowning — Candles & lamps › Why candles drip, smoke or drown
  • hand-dipping drawing — Hand dipping, Practical Action p. 5
  • moulding drawing — Moulding, Practical Action p. 8
  • moulds: tin, pipe, split tube — Candles & lamps › Moulds, pouring and rolled beeswax candles
  • pouring drawing — Hand pouring, Practical Action p. 6
  • step-by-step dipping — Candles & lamps › Dipping candles step by step
  • storing — Candles & lamps › Why candles drip, smoke or drown
• Candling
  • duck eggs — Ducks › Hatching under hens, Muscovies or ducks
• Candling eggs
  • days 7 and 14 — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
  • photos — photos
• Cane
  • which side, height — Rehab & recovery › Crutches, canes and walkers
• Canned food
  • storage temperature and shelf life — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
  • wipe outside, fine to eat — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
• Canner — see Pressure canner, Water-bath canning
• Canning
  • altitude adjustment for Cave Junction — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • garden vegetables — Seed bank › Using the harvest
  • processing times (beans, beets, meat, fish) — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
• Canning chicken — Chickens › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Canning mushrooms
  • never wild ones — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Canning rabbit — Rabbits › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Cans
  • #10 cans for long storage — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
  • dented, bulging or rusty — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
• Cantaloupe mould
  • the strain found on a market melon — How antibiotics came to be › 1941–1945: the farm laboratory, and the jump to a factory
• Canvas
  • sewing tarps and packs — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Cap colors at gas stations — see Fill-pipe cap colors
• Capacitor
  • discharging before touching — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
  • discharging before work — Engines › Taking it apart safely
  • start capacitor, testing — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Capacitors
  • bulging or leaking — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • discharging before salvage — Salvage & repurposing › Before you take anything apart
  • discharging safely — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • swollen or leaking; discharge first — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Capillary break — Natural building › Straw bale
• Car
  • keeping it running with no shop — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cars and pickups with no shop
  • parts worth salvaging — Salvage & repurposing › Cars and trucks: a whole parts store
• Car alternator
  • as a generator — Engines › Motors as generators
• Car as a fallout shelter
  • poor — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Car battery
  • as solar storage — see Batteries
  • hydrometer readings, freezing, cold weather — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › The 12-volt battery and charging
  • one that sits unused — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
  • salvaging — Salvage & repurposing › Battery, wire, lights and horn
• Car kit
  • winter — Floods, storms & heat › Travel in snow and ice
• Car won't start
  • clicks or turns slowly — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › When it won't start
• Car won't start after EMP
  • disconnect battery, check fuses — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Carbon monoxide
  • alarms near bedrooms — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • burners, boilers, engines — Heat into power › Safety: burns, steam, carbon monoxide and fire
  • candles and lamps — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
  • engine exhaust — 📖 TM 9-8000, p. 741
  • fire-heated brooders — Chickens › Raising chicks with no heat lamp
  • generators — Engines › Generators
  • generators, grills, stoves — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
  • generators, heaters, stoves — Floods, storms & heat › Carbon monoxide: the quiet killer
  • heaters without a chimney — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
  • kerosene heaters — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • symptoms, alarms — Illinois Valley › Homestead skills: soap, fuel, heat, sanitation, crafts
  • wood gas — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
• Carbon steel
  • low, medium and high — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Carbon-nitrogen ratio
  • compost and mulch — Building soil & permaculture › Compost from a bucket to a farm
• Carburetor
  • cleaning — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
  • float too high or too low — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
  • float-type drawing — Float carburetors, AAVIM p. 91
  • photos — photos
• Carcass — see Dead animals
• Card games
  • Old Maid, Authors, Rum, Cassino, Cribbage — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Card reader
  • putting the library on a microSD card — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Two separate pieces: the Pi's card and the library drive
• Cardboard
  • making it — Paper & ink › Recycling scrap paper, cardboard and mending
• Carding
  • hand cards drawing — Pair of cards, Hooper p. 40
  • wool — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Cargo bike
  • photos — photos
• Carpenter ants
  • photos — photos
  • signs, frass, finding the nest — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
• Carrier (bike rack)
  • strengthening and extending — Bicycles & carts › Loading a bicycle
• Carrington Event (1859) — EMP › Two different threats
  • photos — photos
• Carrots
  • 30 minutes young, 45 old — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots · Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
  • crossing with Queen Anne's lace — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
  • leaving in the ground — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Biennials: seed in the second year
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Carrying fire
  • bowl basket, fire bundle — First peoples' skills › Making, keeping and carrying fire
• Carrying loads
  • how much one person can move — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Cars and trucks
  • EMP test results — EMP › What the tests actually found
  • getting fuel out of the tank — Fuel › Drums and vehicles
• Cart
  • built on old car axles — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
  • energy saved vs carrying — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Carts
  • lashing loads — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Cascadia — see Earthquake
• Cascadia earthquake
  • fuel supply — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
  • how long power, water, roads take to return — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
  • landslides on routes — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
  • odds in the next 50 years — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
  • shaking map — Shaking map, Resilience Plan p. 34
• Cascading failure — Power grid › Why one fault can black out a region
• Cascara
  • constipation — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Casein glue — Make-do household › Glue, patching and waterproofing · Woodworking › Glue without a store
• Cash
  • keep small bills — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Cast
  • after it comes off — Rehab & recovery › After a splint or cast comes off
  • too tight from swelling — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Cast iron
  • sparks — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Castration
  • calves: knife, burdizzo, rubber ring — Cattle › Castration, dehorning and marking
  • kids: knife, burdizzo, rubber ring — Goats › Castration, disbudding and marking
  • lambs: knife, burdizzo, ring — Sheep › Docking and castration
  • piglets — Pigs › Castration
• Cat hole — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
• Cat's cradle
  • two players, eight figures — Stories & games › String figures: cat's cradle and more
• Catching feature — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Cats
  • for rodent control — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
• Cattail — photos
  • edible parts — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • paper from — Paper & ink › What paper is, and fibers that work
  • root flour and pollen — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
• Cattle
  • dairy, beef and dual-purpose breeds — Cattle › Breeds: dairy, beef and dual-purpose
  • how many for a family — Cattle › Numbers for a family
  • is a cow right for your land; acres per cow — Cattle › Is a cow right for your land?
  • troubleshooting: what went wrong — Cattle › If this goes wrong
• Cattle year
  • calendar for the valley — Cattle › A cattle year in the Illinois Valley
• Caulking
  • drawing — Caulking, HUD p. 37
  • where to caulk — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• Caustic-stick disbudding
  • old advice — burns kids — Goats › Old advice in the library to ignore
• CB radio
  • channels, range, power — Radio › 4. CB Radio (Citizens Band) — no license, simple, vehicle-friendly
  • photos — photos
  • working one, channel 9 and 19 — Using a radio › A CB
• CD V-700
  • low-range Geiger counter — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• CD V-715
  • yellow survey meter — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• CD V-742
  • pocket dosimeter — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Cecal worm
  • carries blackhead — Turkeys › Blackhead: why turkeys and chickens don't mix
• Cedar roof — see Wood shingles
• Ceiling fan
  • motor — Salvage & repurposing › Ceiling fans, drills and power tools
• Cell phones
  • towers run hours to days on backup — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
• Cell spacers
  • AA in a C or D holder — Batteries › Rechargeable AAs, and what they are not
• Cell types pictured
  • cylindrical, prismatic, pouch — Lighting Global, p. 4
• Cellar — see Root cellar
• Celsius — see Temperature
• Cement
  • storing, lumps — Mortar, concrete & roads › Sand, gravel and water for concrete
  • stretching it with lime — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
• Cement burns
  • skin and eyes — Mortar, concrete & roads › Safety: burns, dust, lifting and failing forms
• Cement on earth walls
  • why it fails — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Center of a circle
  • finding it — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Center punch
  • making — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Centrifugal switch — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Ceramic filter — see Clay pot filter
• Cereal rye
  • weeds, small seeds — Building soil & permaculture › Cover crops and green manures
• CERT
  • classes in Cave Junction — Community & barter › Illinois Valley notes
  • organization chart — CERT organization, CERT p. 37
  • team organization — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Certified radio
  • why a cheap handheld may not be legal — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
• Chain
  • Oxford, 1939 to 1941 — How antibiotics came to be › 1939–1941: Oxford, and the first patient
• Chain (bicycle)
  • cleaning — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
  • shortening, chain tool — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
  • when it's worn out — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
• Chainsaw
  • chain tension — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • cleaning the saw — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • fuel and oil mix — see Two-stroke fuel
  • kickback drawing — Kickback, EC 1124 p. 11
  • makes dust, not chips — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • photos — photos
  • sharpening the chain — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • starting wildfires, spark arrester — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Chair rise
  • leg strength for standing up — Rehab & recovery › Getting strong again
• Chalk line
  • straight lines — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
• Chalkbrood
  • mummies, damp hives — Bees › Foulbrood and other brood diseases
• Chamomile
  • stomach and sleep — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Channel
  • what it is, and channel mode — Using a radio › Channel or frequency
• Channel 19 (CB)
  • highway and truckers — Radio › 4. CB Radio (Citizens Band) — no license, simple, vehicle-friendly
• Channel 9 (CB)
  • emergency channel — Radio › 4. CB Radio (Citizens Band) — no license, simple, vehicle-friendly
• Channel card
  • print and fill in — Using a radio › 7. A printed channel card
• Channel guard — see Tones (CTCSS, DCS)
• Channels — see Emergency frequencies
  • private, public, sharing by QR code — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 5. Channels: who can read what
• Chanterelle
  • how to tell it — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
  • photos — photos
• Chapter books
  • ages 5-9, Oz, Pooh — Stories & games › Ages 5–9: read-aloud chapter books and early readers
  • ages 9-13 — Stories & games › Ages 9–13: chapter books
• Char cloth
  • making — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Char drum oven — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
  • photos of each step — Char drum oven, Aqueous Solutions p. 6
• Charcoal
  • drawing sticks — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
  • for the soil — Building soil & permaculture › Biochar
  • forge fuel — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • kiln drawings — Charcoal kilns, Peace Corps p. 73
  • making — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
  • making it for water treatment — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
  • never burn indoors — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
  • use it last, replace yearly — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
  • what it does and doesn't do — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
• Charcoal cooler — Root cellars › Cooling without power
• Charge controller
  • PWM vs. MPPT — Off-grid power › Charge controllers and inverters
  • Victron MPPT in the ammo can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
  • diversion type — Engines › Motors as generators
  • features to look for — Off-grid power › Charge controllers and inverters
  • keeping it inside the sealed can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The idea
  • low-voltage disconnect — Off-grid power › Charge controllers and inverters
  • photos — MPPT controllers, Arizona p. 5
  • sizing the amps — Off-grid power › A worked example
• Charge controller (solar)
  • keep a spare — EMP › What to keep in it
• Charging batteries
  • before a storm — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
  • with no proper charger — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Charging from a car — Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed · Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Charging from a solar panel
  • use a controller — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Charging in the cold
  • never below freezing — Batteries › Tool batteries: keeping a drill alive for years
• Charging radios
  • from solar or a vehicle — Using a radio › 9. Looking after radios
• Charring wood
  • posts — Woodworking › Finishes, outdoor wood and rot
• Check
  • in a ditch — Dams, weirs & ditches › Headgates and checks
• Check valve
  • stuck — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Check-in times
  • agree on them in advance — Radio › 1. The quick version — what to grab and what to know
  • by mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 9. A neighborhood mesh
• Checkers
  • board and men — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Checking on neighbors
  • who to check first — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
• checking the mesh radio's cable — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › Proving the cable before you trust it
• Checking traps
  • every day at first light — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
• Checklist
  • weather-ready household — Floods, storms & heat › A household weather-ready checklist
• Checkpoints
  • approaching a roadblock — On foot › Checkpoints and roadblocks
  • welcome point, not a roadblock — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
• Checks (cracks) in wood — Woodworking › Green wood, drying and warping
• Cheddar — see Cheese
• Cheese
  • aged two months is fine — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • aging in a cellar — Milk, butter & cheese › Salting, waxing and aging without a fridge
  • cottage cheese without bought culture — Milk, butter & cheese › Soft cheeses: paneer, queso fresco, chèvre, cottage cheese
  • farm Cheddar step by step — Milk, butter & cheese › Hard cheese step by step, with a home-made press
  • in mush and in a cheese roll — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
  • lemon or vinegar (queso blanco, paneer) — Milk, butter & cheese › Soft cheeses: paneer, queso fresco, chèvre, cottage cheese
  • simple rennet cheese — Milk, butter & cheese › Hard cheese step by step, with a home-made press
• Cheese press
  • drawing — Homemade cheese press, USDA FB 1191 p. 15
  • homemade lever press — Milk, butter & cheese › A home-made cheese press
• Cheese skipper fly
  • cheesecloth on windows — Milk, butter & cheese › Salting, waxing and aging without a fridge
• Chemicals in water
  • which methods remove them — Water purification › Which method does what
• Chernobyl
  • iodine reached Oregon milk — Nuclear fallout › Our area
• Chest pain
  • heart attack, aspirin, nitroglycerin — Chronic illness › Chest pain
• Chest seal
  • drawing — Vented chest seals, ATP p. 88
• Chest sucking in — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Chest wound
  • plastic taped over a hole — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Chestnuts
  • years to bearing — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
• Chewing wood
  • not enough hay — Horses › If this goes wrong
• Chicken diseases
  • signs and what to do — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Chicken feed
  • how much a hen eats — Chickens › Feeding without a feed store
  • without a feed store — Chickens › Feeding without a feed store
• Chicken house — see Coops
• Chicken liver
  • lumps or spots — don't eat — Chickens › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Chicken manure
  • compost 120 days — Chickens › Manure, litter and feathers
• Chicken of the woods — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Chicken tractor
  • movable pen on grass — Chickens › The coop: space, roosts, nests, air and litter
• Chicken wire — see Hardware cloth
• Chickens — see Poultry and eggs
  • breeds that raise their own chicks — Chickens › Choosing breeds that renew themselves
  • clearing a bed — Building soil & permaculture › Animals that work the ground
  • dual-purpose, layer and meat breeds — Chickens › Choosing breeds that renew themselves
  • killed or missing — which predator — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
  • month-by-month calendar — Chickens › The chicken year in the Illinois Valley
  • never with turkeys (blackhead) — Turkeys › Blackhead: why turkeys and chickens don't mix
• Chicks
  • crowding to heat (cold) or panting (hot) — Chickens › Raising chicks with no heat lamp
  • homemade chick feed — Chickens › Raising chicks with no heat lamp
• Child swallowed medicine — Medicines › If this goes wrong
• Childbed fever
  • deaths before and after clean birth — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• Children
  • KI dose and liquid KI — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
  • count as half an adult — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
  • half a death cap can kill — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • keeping guns locked away — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
  • near tractors and PTOs — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
  • play, stories and routine in hard times — Stories & games › Why stories, play and routine matter
  • rehab as play, growth — Rehab & recovery › Children and older people
  • talking to them after a disaster — Community & barter › Children, elders and neighbors who need help
• Children's books
  • what to read at each age — Stories & games › Reading aloud by age
• Chilled kid
  • warm it first — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Chilled lamb
  • warm it before feeding — Sheep › Orphan, weak and chilled lambs
• Chimney
  • flue lining, footing, 2 in to wood — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • height above roof — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • mortar for flues — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
  • repointing mortar mix — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • smoke test for leaks — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • whole-chimney diagram — Chimney diagram, FB 1889 p. 5
• Chimney cleaning
  • brushes drawing — Chimney brushes, E-1388 p. 4
  • how often — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
• Chimney fire
  • inspect before using again — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • signs, what to do — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
• Chimney sweeping — see Chimney cleaning
• Chinese goose
  • best layer, small — Geese › Choosing breeds
• Chinese wheelbarrow — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
• Chinking
  • three layers — Shelter › Log buildings
• CHIRP
  • the free programming program — Using a radio › 5. Programming with a computer, while there is internet
• Chisel
  • hot vs cold — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
  • paring, firmer, framing — Woodworking › The tool kit worth keeping
• Chlorine — see Bleach
  • contact time and residual — Town water & sewer › Chlorine: contact time and residual
  • dosing a town tank by hand — Town water & sewer › Chlorinating by hand
  • gas danger — Town water & sewer › Chlorine
• Chlorine check
  • faint smell after 30 minutes — Water purification › Simple tests
• Chlorine gas
  • from mixing cleaners — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
  • salt water in a lead-acid battery — Batteries › Dangers
• Chlorine residual
  • testing with DPD — Town water & sewer › Chlorinating by hand
• Chlorine solution
  • 0.05%, 0.2%, 2% — Sanitation › Chlorine strengths from household bleach
  • 0.2% from household bleach — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
• Chocolate
  • poisonous to dogs — Dogs › Salmon poisoning and other foods that kill dogs
• Choke
  • cattle — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
  • feed and saliva from the nose — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Cholera
  • burial after a death — Sanitation › Caring for the dead
  • in the house — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Chopping block
  • height, tire on top — Firewood › Splitting
• Chops
  • broiling times — Sheep › Cooking it
• Chores
  • rotating unpleasant tasks — Community & barter › Sharing the work
• Chowder — see Fish chowder
• Christmas flood of 1964
  • valley cut off — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
• Chrome tanning
  • old advice — don't — Clothing & leather › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Chrome yellow whitewash
  • old advice — lead pigment — Natural building › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Chromebook
  • turn on Linux first — Start on any device › Linux, Raspberry Pi, Chromebook
• Chronic illness
  • living without a pharmacy — Chronic illness › Plan now, while the pharmacy is open
• Chronic wasting disease — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
  • deer and elk — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • deer and elk bones — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
  • gloves with deer brains — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Churning — see Butter
• Chèvre
  • soft goat cheese — Milk, butter & cheese › Soft cheeses: paneer, queso fresco, chèvre, cottage cheese
• Cinch
  • tightening and rechecking — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Circle
  • laying out with a string — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Circuit breaker
  • grid and house — Power grid › What protects it
• Circuit breakers
  • give no real EMP protection — EMP › What the tests actually found
• Cirrus
  • rain coming — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Cistern
  • sizing for the dry summer — Wells & pumps › Cisterns and rainwater
• Citizen Alert
  • signing up for county alerts — Illinois Valley › Do these NOW, while you still have internet
• Citizens Band — see CB radio
• Citric acid
  • for canning tomatoes — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
• Civil defense siren
  • photos — photos
• Civil unrest — see Riots
• CL
  • lumps behind the ear or under the jaw — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Clabber
  • soured milk that keeps — Milk, butter & cheese › Cultured milk, yogurt and kefir
• Clamp
  • drawing — Potato clamp, FAO p. 104
  • for potatoes — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Clamps
  • homemade, from wedges — Woodworking › The tool kit worth keeping
• Clarified butter — see Ghee
• Classic books — see Children's books
• Clay
  • Pollard soils (50% clay) — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
  • shrink box test — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
  • sites on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Clay core
  • and cutoff trench — Dams, weirs & ditches › Soils that hold water, and keying in
• Clay pot cooler — see Zeer pot
• Clay pot filter
  • drawing — Ceramic filter system, RDIC p. 5
  • flow test, cracks — Water purification › Clay pot (ceramic) filter
  • making and firing — Water purification › Clay pot (ceramic) filter
  • replace every 1–2 years — Water purification › Clay pot (ceramic) filter
• Clay soil — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • digging, swales, ponds — Building soil & permaculture › Fitting it to your land
  • toilets in a wet winter — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
• Clay-pot cooler
  • zeer — Make-do household › Containers and storage
• Clean hands
  • what they did to childbed fever — How antibiotics came to be › Prevention is the lever you actually have
• Clean water
  • what it did to typhoid — How antibiotics came to be › Prevention is the lever you actually have
• Cleaning
  • homemade cleaners — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
• Cleaning fish
  • bleeding, gutting, kidney — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
  • where to trim fat — Trimming fat, NYSDEC p. 5
• Cleaning off fallout — see Decontamination
• Clear fluid from the nose or ears — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Clearances
  • stove and stovepipe — see Wood stove
• Clicking wheel — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
• Client Base — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 8. Roles: which job each radio does
• Climate
  • Cave Junction — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Clinker
  • raking out — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Cloning a radio
  • copying one already set up — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Clostridium botulinum — see Botulism
• Cloth straining
  • cotton folded 7–8 times — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
• Clothes
  • outer layer removes up to 90% — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Clots in milk
  • mastitis check — Goats › Milking the goat: daily routine and yield
  • strip cup; discard the milk — Milk, butter & cheese › Clean milking
• Clouds
  • photo chart — Sky Watcher cloud chart
  • which ones warn of rain and storms — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Cloudy or hazy fuel — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
• Cloudy water
  • extra bleach dose — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • settling, straining, coagulants — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
• Clove hitch — Knots & rope › Clove hitch: quick tie to a post
• Cloves, oil of
  • toothache — Making medicines › Other pain helpers
• CO — see Carbon monoxide
• CO alarm — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes · Engines › Generators · Floods, storms & heat › Carbon monoxide: the quiet killer
• Coagulants
  • alum, wood ash, Moringa — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
• Coagulation
  • alum — Town water & sewer › Treatment, step by step
• Coal — see Coke
• Coal tar on cob
  • old advice — don't — Natural building › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Coals
  • cooking on them, not flames — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Coast refugees
  • coming inland on US-199 — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Coat
  • lining with fur — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Coax
  • disconnect from radios — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Cob
  • labor — Natural building › Cob, step by step
  • lifts and drying time — Natural building › Cob, step by step
  • old Devon cottages — Devon cob, DSIR p. 25
  • photos — photos
  • step by step — Natural building › Cob, step by step
  • wall thickness (18 in) — Natural building › Cob, step by step
  • what's in it — Natural building › Cob, step by step
  • when to build — Natural building › Cob, step by step
• Coccidiosis
  • bloody droppings in chicks — Chickens › Health with no vet
  • photos — photos
  • rabbits: pot belly, spotted liver — Rabbits › Coccidiosis
• Cockerels
  • when to eat or pen them — Chickens › Roosters and breeding pens
• Cockroaches
  • borax bait — Make-do household › Pests
• Cod-liver oil
  • vitamin D — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Code words
  • for the family — Home protection › A safe room and a household plan
• Coho salmon
  • photos — photos
  • threatened in the Illinois River — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Coil spring
  • taking it out safely — Salvage & repurposing › Leaf and coil springs
• Coil springs
  • tool steel — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Coiling rope — Knots & rope › Caring for rope
• Coin cells — see Button cells
• Coke
  • forge fuel — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Cold baby
  • 95.7 °F or less — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Cold chisel
  • making — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Cold frame
  • from an old window — Salvage & repurposing › Old windows and doors
• Cold front
  • wind shift — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Cold house
  • what to do first (bedding, roof, wind) — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• COLD rule
  • clean, overheating, loose, dry — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Cold smoking
  • fish is still raw — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
• Cold storage
  • cold water and insulation — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
• Cold water
  • cold shock in rivers — On foot › River and creek crossings
  • gasping, drowning, strainers — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • longer chlorine waiting time — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Cold weather
  • diesel gelling — Fuel › Diesel care
  • extra food (100 kcal per 9 °F) — Food when scarce › How much food people need
  • starting a diesel — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Diesel trucks and tractors
• Cold, pale or numb hand or foot
  • bandage or cast too tight — Injuries › If this goes wrong
• Cold-wet weather
  • how to dress — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Colds
  • antibiotics do nothing for them — How antibiotics came to be › Why antibiotics stop working
• Colic
  • feeding rules that prevent it — Horses › Feeding and water
  • pawing, rolling, looking at the belly — Horses › Health checks and first aid
  • photos — photos
• Coliform bacteria
  • testing a well — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Collar
  • fit drawing — Collar fit, USDA FB 1419 p. 17
  • fitting it — Horses › Harness and draft work
• Collie
  • training a sheep dog — Dogs › Herding dogs: basic training
• Colloidal silver
  • coating clay filters — Water purification › Clay pot (ceramic) filter
• Colony pens
  • rabbits on the ground — problems — Rabbits › Colony or ground pens
• Colorfast
  • testing dye — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Colors of hot steel — see Heat colors
• Colostrum
  • calves: how much, how soon — Cattle › Calving: when and how to help
  • how much, how soon — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
  • lambs, how much and how soon — Sheep › Lambing and helping a ewe
  • not for the house for 4–5 days — Milk, butter & cheese › Clean milking
• Columbia Generating Station — see Hanford
• Combined sewer
  • overflows — Town water & sewer › Storm drains and combined sewers
• Comfrey
  • liver harm, foxglove look-alike — Medicines › Medicinal plants — go carefully
  • never by mouth — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
• Communication site
  • rural mailbox or crossroads — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Community kit
  • 16 GB USB stick — Start on any device › Sharing it with your community
• Commutator
  • cleaning — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Companion planting
  • what holds up — Building soil & permaculture › Polycultures, companion planting and the three sisters
• Compass
  • keep away from metal — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
  • parts, drawing — Parts of a compass, PMS 475 p. 83
  • using one — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
• Compass bearing
  • to a partner station — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• Compost
  • greens and browns — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
  • hot pile, 130–150 °F — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
  • how much to use — Building soil & permaculture › Compost from a bucket to a farm
  • piles and bins, photos — Compost piles and bins, WSU pp. 3–5
  • pits, heaps and windrows — Building soil & permaculture › Compost from a bucket to a farm
  • smells, flies, won't heat — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
  • what to keep out — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
• Composting toilet
  • two chambers above ground — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
• Compressed air
  • 10 to 15 percent efficient — Storing energy › Compressed air and flywheels: why not
  • skin injury — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Air brakes
  • tank safety — Storing energy › Compressed air and flywheels: why not
• Compressed earth blocks
  • drop test, lime percent — Natural building › Lighter systems: straw-clay, hempcrete, wattle, bags, blocks, cordwood
• Compression
  • checking — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Compression gauge — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Computer
  • power supply, fans, magnets — Salvage & repurposing › Computers, UPS boxes, phones and tablets
• Computers
  • networked ones are the weak point — EMP › What the tests actually found
• Concrete
  • cold weather — Mortar, concrete & roads › Curing, cold and heat
  • curing, strength by days — Mortar, concrete & roads › Curing, cold and heat
  • hand mixing — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mixing, forms, steel and placing by hand
  • hot weather — Mortar, concrete & roads › Curing, cold and heat
  • how much to mix — Mortar, concrete & roads › Footings, slabs, posts and troughs
  • how much, and what it weighs — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • mix (1 cement : 2 gravel : 3 sand) — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
  • mix ratios — Mortar, concrete & roads › Concrete: what it is and the mixes
  • patching and repair — Mortar, concrete & roads › Patching and repairing concrete
  • placing and finishing — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mixing, forms, steel and placing by hand
  • testing the wet mix (slump, shovel, rock) — Mortar, concrete & roads › Concrete: what it is and the mixes
  • water per sack — Mortar, concrete & roads › Concrete: what it is and the mixes
  • without store cement — Mortar, concrete & roads › Concrete without store cement: the honest picture
• Concussion
  • rest, then light activity — Rehab & recovery › Head injury and concussion
• Condenser
  • reusing boiler water — Heat into power › Condensing and reusing the water
• Conductive tape
  • seal the lid seam — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
  • sealing an ammo can lid — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Packing and sealing
• Cone pit — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Confined space
  • never go in — Town water & sewer › Manholes, wet wells, vaults and tanks: never go in
• Confit
  • botulism risk — Preserving food › Lard, confit, eggs and vinegar
• Conflict
  • principled negotiation — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Constant current
  • in plain words — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Constant voltage
  • in plain words — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Constipation
  • cascara — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Consumption — see Tuberculosis
• Contact list — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
• Contacts — see Phone numbers
• Contagious?
  • radiation sickness is not — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Containers
  • storing food — Make-do household › Containers and storage
• Contour
  • ditches and banks — Building soil & permaculture › Swales on contour
• Contour interval
  • slope from a map — Practical math › Heights and distances you can't reach
• Contour line
  • staking a swale or terrace — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Contour lines
  • drawing — Contour lines, FM 3-25.26 p. 107
  • on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • what they mean — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Contractions
  • how often — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Contracture
  • positions in bed — Rehab & recovery › Stiff joints and bed sores
  • preventing and stretching — Rehab & recovery › Range-of-motion exercises
• Contrast
  • boughs, rocks, shadows — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
• Conversion tables
  • length, area, volume, weight — Practical math › Quick-reference tables (print these)
• Convulsions — see Fits, Seizures
• Cookie tin — see Faraday container
• Cooking beef
  • mostly pot-roast and stew — Cattle › Cooking it
• Cooking chicken
  • young bird or old hen — Chickens › Cooking it
• Cooking duck
  • roast young, braise old — Ducks › Cooking it
• Cooking from the cellar
  • how long stored vegetables take — Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
• Cooking game
  • the rules that matter most — Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
• Cooking goat
  • kid roasts, older goat braises — Goats › Cooking it
• Cooking measures
  • cups, tablespoons, mL — Practical math › Quick-reference tables (print these)
• Cooking mushrooms
  • always cook wild ones — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
  • baked on toast under a bowl — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
  • broiled caps, 2 minutes a side — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
  • how long by texture — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Cooking mutton
  • lamb roasts, old ewe stews — Sheep › Cooking it
• Cooking oil
  • shelf life (about 1 year) — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
• Cooking over a fire
  • flames, coals and what each suits — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
  • use coals — Food from scratch › Staples
• Cooking rabbit
  • fryer, roaster, stewer — Rabbits › Cooking it
• Cooking times
  • which method takes how long — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Cooking turkey
  • breast and legs want different heat — Turkeys › Cooking it
• Cooking with milk
  • custards, puddings, sauces — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
• Cool box
  • from a dead freezer — Salvage & repurposing › Fridges and freezers
• Cool room
  • with no power — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
• Cooling a house
  • with no power — Floods, storms & heat › Keeping the house cool with no power
• Cooling food
  • without power — Root cellars › Cooling without power
• Cooling meat
  • below 40 °F within 24 hours — Hunting & fishing › Cooling meat in our heat
• Cooling milk
  • without power, spring water — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooling milk with no power
• Coops
  • roost layouts — Roost layouts, OSU EC 1644 p. 2
  • space per bird, height, mesh — Chickens › The coop: space, roosts, nests, air and litter
• Coordinates — see UTM grid
  • typing a position into the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• COPD
  • emphysema, ipratropium — Chronic illness › Asthma and COPD
• Copper
  • poisons sheep — Goats › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt · Sheep › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt
• Copper sulphate on thatch
  • old advice — don't — Natural building › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Copperas
  • iron sulfate, not copper — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
• Coppicing
  • oak, tanoak, madrone — Firewood › Growing your own: thinning and coppicing
  • photos — photos
• Copying behind — Signals & Morse › Learning Morse by ear
• Copying the library
  • for neighbors — Start on any device › Sharing it with your community
• Cord — see Umbilical cord
• Cord of wood
  • 128 cu ft; measuring a pile — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • = one day's work — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
  • drawing — A standard cord, U. of Minnesota p. 3
  • face cord — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • size (4 × 4 × 8 ft) — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • trees per cord — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • weight (about 5,000 lb green) — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • what a cord looks like — A cord of firewood, OSU EC 1628 p. 1
• Cordage — see Rope
  • from plants and hide — Knots & rope › Making cordage from plants and hide
  • iris, dogbane, willow bark — First peoples' skills › Fibers, cordage and nets
• Cordless tools
  • when the packs are gone — Batteries › Tool batteries: keeping a drill alive for years
• Corduroy road — Mortar, concrete & roads › Corduroy, log roads and stone roads
• Cordwood — Natural building › Lighter systems: straw-clay, hempcrete, wattle, bags, blocks, cordwood
• Corn
  • cooking with lime (nixtamal) — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
  • crossing with a neighbor's corn — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
  • treat it to prevent pellagra — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
  • when to plant — Food from scratch › The year at a glance
• Corn chowder — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Corn dodgers — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Corn dumplings
  • boiled with meat — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Corn pone — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Corn steep liquor
  • the waste liquid that raised the yield tenfold — How antibiotics came to be › 1941–1945: the farm laboratory, and the jump to a factory
• Corn-husk dolls
  • step by step — Stories & games › Things to make
• Cornbread — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Corncobs
  • as toilet paper — Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
• Corncrib
  • rat-proofing — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
• Corned beef — Cattle › No freezer: what to do with 400 lb of beef
  • boiled from cold water — Cattle › Cooking it
• Cornish-cross
  • won't rebuild a flock — Chickens › Choosing breeds that renew themselves
• Cornmeal
  • stretching wheat flour — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Cornmeal mush
  • water and salt per cup — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Corrosion
  • inside old diesel tanks — Fuel › Diesel care
• Corrosion on battery terminals — see Battery terminals
• Corrosive sublimate
  • in old ink and paste recipes — Paper & ink › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Cortinarius — see Webcaps
• Cost of dry cells
  • per kilowatt-hour — Batteries › Getting the most out of what you have
• Cottage cheese
  • seasoning and a cheese roll — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
  • seasoning it; a cheese roll — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
• Cotton
  • why not in winter rain — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Couching
  • laying wet sheets on felts — Paper & ink › Forming, couching, pressing and drying
• Cougar
  • meeting one on the trail — On foot › Meeting a bear or a cougar
  • photos — photos
  • predator on livestock — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
• Cougars
  • garbage and kills draw them — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
  • kill guardian dogs; night pens — Dogs › What guardian dogs can and can't do
  • sheep in a shed at night — Sheep › Predators, guardian dogs and fire season
  • shut goats in every night — Goats › Fences, shelter and predators
  • shut stock in at night — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Cough
  • thyme tea — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Couldn't find the library
  • Android — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
• Counterpoise
  • rocky ground — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
• Cover crops
  • when to sow, ending them — Building soil & permaculture › Cover crops and green manures
• COVID-19 — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Cow — see Cattle
• Cowhide
  • salting and keeping — Cattle › Hides and tallow
• Cows — see Dairy animals
  • calving — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
• Coyotes
  • fence that stops them — Sheep › Predators, guardian dogs and fire season
• CPR
  • 30 pushes, 2 breaths, how deep — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
  • when it won't help — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• CPTED
  • three ideas — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Cracked in the quench — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Cracked plaster — Natural building › If this goes wrong
• Crackling bread — Food from scratch › Staples
• Cracklings — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat · Pigs › Rendering lard and cracklings
• Cracks
  • at corners — Natural building › If this goes wrong
  • diagonal, after a quake — Natural building › If this goes wrong
  • while hammering — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Cranberry
  • bladder infections — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Crawfish
  • catching and cooking — Hunting & fishing › Crawfish, mussels and lamprey
  • photos — photos
• Crawl space
  • 18 in clearance, vents — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
• Crawl-space shelter — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Crayfish — see Crawfish
• Cream
  • goat cream barely rises — Milk, butter & cheese › Separating cream by hand
  • shallow pan, deep-setting, separator — Milk, butter & cheese › Separating cream by hand
• Cream separator — see Cream
• Credit
  • capping debt — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Creek flow
  • measuring with a weir — Dams, weirs & ditches › How a measuring weir works
• Creek hydro
  • sizing — Illinois Valley › Off-grid power and creek hydro
• Creek power — see Hydro power
• Creek water
  • pumping uphill without fuel — Wells & pumps › Ram pumps: creek water uphill with no fuel
• Creeks
  • year-round or seasonal, on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Creosote
  • flaky vs. shiny tar — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • old ties and poles — Mortar, concrete & roads › Corduroy, log roads and stone roads
  • wet wood, not the tree species — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • what causes it — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
• Creosote (coal tar) on logs
  • old advice — don't — Shelter › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Crescent City
  • how long to get there — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Cribbage
  • counting fifteens — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Crime after disasters
  • usually drops — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Crime prevention through environmental design — see CPTED
• Crimson clover
  • cover crop — Building soil & permaculture › Cover crops and green manures
• Cripple walls — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
• Crock
  • for sauerkraut — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
• Crop rotation
  • rotate families — Seed bank › What's in the kit, by family
• Cross-pollination
  • which kit seeds cross — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Crosscut saw
  • felling without fuel — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • how the teeth cut — Crosscut teeth, Saws That Sing p. 14
  • photos — photos
  • raker depth and set — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
• CRT
  • picture tube implosion — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Crusty ears — see Ear mites
• Crutches
  • fitting and walking, stairs — Rehab & recovery › Crutches, canes and walkers
  • making from a sapling — Rehab & recovery › Making walking aids
• Cryptosporidium — photos
  • chlorine is weak against it — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • which methods remove it — Water purification › Which method does what
• Crystal radio
  • no batteries — Radio › 7. Shortwave (SWL) — hearing the outside world
  • no batteries needed — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • wiring diagram — Crystal set wiring, NBS Circular 120 p. 12
• CTCSS — see Tones (CTCSS, DCS)
• Cucumbers
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
  • which ones cross — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Culling hens
  • early molters and non-layers — Chickens › Culling: which birds go, and when
• Cultural burning
  • oak woodlands — Wildfire › Burning on purpose: wet season only
  • why, how often, when, how safely — First peoples' skills › Tending the land with fire
• Culvert
  • under a ditch or road — Dams, weirs & ditches › Crossings: siphons, culverts and flumes
• Culverts
  • installing, oil drums, logs — Mortar, concrete & roads › Culverts and water bars
• Cumulonimbus
  • thunderstorm cloud — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Cup at the base — see Volva
• Cup feeding
  • babies — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
  • baby who can't suckle — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Curing lime plaster
  • mist and burlap — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Curing meat
  • keep it at 36–40 °F — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
  • salt and sugar amounts — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
  • when to cure here (Dec–Feb) — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
  • when to do it here — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
• Curing salt
  • Cure #1 and Cure #2 — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Custard — see Baked custard
• Cut off from the outside
  • "one way in, one way out" — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
• Cutoff trench
  • keying a dam in — Dams, weirs & ditches › Soils that hold water, and keying in
• Cuts — see Wounds
• Cuts of pork
  • ham, loin, bacon, shoulder — Pigs › Gutting, chilling and cutting
• Cutting down a tree — see Felling
• CWD — see Chronic wasting disease
• Cysticercosis — see Pork tapeworm

D

• Dado joint
  • shelves — Woodworking › Joints
• Dairy animals
  • milk before fallout arrives — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
• Dairy calendar
  • what to make each season — Milk, butter & cheese › The dairy year in the valley
• Dakin's solution
  • recipe and strengths — Making medicines › Dakin's solution: weak bleach for dirty wounds
• Dam failure
  • overtopping, piping, slides — Dams, weirs & ditches › How dams fail
  • what to do — Dams, weirs & ditches › When a dam may fail
• Damp sand
  • packing roots in it — Root cellars › The Illinois Valley problem: warm ground
• Damp wall base — Natural building › If this goes wrong
• Damper
  • bread baked in ashes — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Dams
  • how they fail — Dams, weirs & ditches › How dams fail
  • kinds: earth, rock-fill, gravity, arch, timber crib — Dams, weirs & ditches › Kinds of dams
  • living downstream — Dams, weirs & ditches › Living downstream of a dam
  • parts: core, crest, spillways, outlet — Dams, weirs & ditches › The parts of a dam
  • warning signs — Dams, weirs & ditches › Warning signs at a dam
• Dandelion
  • medicinal use — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Dandelion greens — see Greens
• Danger zone
  • leftover cooked food — Food from scratch › Staples
• Darning
  • four darns, drawings — Darns, TM 4-42.21 pp. 40–43
  • holes in socks and clothes — Make-do household › Clothing and footwear
  • holes under 1 inch — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Daubing
  • clay and lime, patching — Shelter › Log buildings
• Daylight
  • hours by season at Cave Junction — On foot › Distance, hills and daylight
• Days to harvest
  • by crop — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• DCS — see Tones (CTCSS, DCS)
• DDT and arsenic for termites
  • old advice — don't — Shelter › Old advice in the library to ignore
• DDT and lindane
  • old advice — don't — Sanitation › Old advice in the library to ignore
• De-escalation
  • at the door — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
  • stance and voice — Community & barter › Calming an angry person
• Dead animals
  • Oregon rules: 15 hours, no burning — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
  • burial depth and distance from water — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
  • composting — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
• Dead batteries
  • often only dead for that job — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• Dead birds
  • burn or bury deeply — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Dead bodies
  • do they spread disease? — Sanitation › Caring for the dead
  • handling — gloves, apron, boots — Sanitation › Caring for the dead
• Dead trees — see Snags
• Deadbolt
  • 1-inch bolt, single or double cylinder — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • photos — photos
• Deadfalls
  • figure-4 and Paiute — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
  • figure-4 drawing — Figure-4 deadfall, FM 3-05.70 p. 137
• Deadly force
  • when Oregon law allows it — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Deadly parasol
  • small Lepiota — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Dearth
  • late-summer robbing and yellowjackets — Bees › The colony's year in the Illinois Valley
• Death camas — photos
  • no onion smell — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
  • photos — photos
  • poisoning symptoms — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
  • poisoning symptoms (1–8 hours) — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • seed capsules, stems, late-summer danger — First peoples' skills › Telling camas from death camas
  • sheep eat it first in spring — Sheep › Plants that poison sheep here
  • side-by-side table — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • smell only rules out wild onion — First peoples' skills › Telling camas from death camas
  • telling it from camas — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Death cap
  • checklist — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • photos — photos
  • what it looks like — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • young ones look like puffballs — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Death cap mushroom
  • photos — photos
  • under oaks — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
• Death rates
  • before antibiotics, with the numbers — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• Debris flow
  • erosion after a fire — Wildfire › Debris flows and erosion
  • signs, getting out of the way — Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
• Debris flows
  • on burned slopes after a fire — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
• Debris hut
  • step by step — On foot › Tarp and debris shelters
• Decay-resistant woods — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Decibels (dB)
  • 20 dB for stored spares — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Decisions
  • making them fairly — Community & barter › Meetings and fair decisions
• Deckle — see Mould and deckle
• Declination
  • 14° East for the Illinois Valley — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
  • which way to add or subtract — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
• Decoction
  • roots and bark — Making medicines › Teas, tinctures, salves and poultices
• Decontamination
  • CDC picture sheet — CDC Decontamination for Yourself, p. 1
  • yourself, family, visitors — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Deep litter
  • bedding for the coop floor — Chickens › The coop: space, roosts, nests, air and litter
• Deep-cycle battery — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
• Deep-well hand pump
  • Afridev, India Mark II — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• Deer
  • does per buck, fawns per doe — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
  • fence height — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • fences, drives, snares (illegal today) — First peoples' skills › Deer, elk and small game
  • using the whole animal — First peoples' skills › Deer, elk and small game
  • where they live and gather (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Deer mouse
  • photos — photos
• Deer-fat cakes
  • the winter butter — First peoples' skills › Deer, elk and bear: fat cakes and bone soup
• Defense of premises
  • trespassers — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Defense of property
  • no deadly force — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Defensible space
  • 5, 30 and 100 ft zones — Wildfire › The zones around the house
  • and security together — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
  • around the house — Illinois Valley › Around the house (defensible space)
  • clearing with hand tools — Wildfire › Clearing around the house with hand tools
  • zones drawing — Three zones, FEMA P-737 p. 23
• Dehorning
  • calves and cattle — Cattle › Castration, dehorning and marking
• Dehydration
  • 75 ml per kg — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
  • after mushroom poisoning — Mushrooms › If someone may have eaten a bad mushroom
  • pinch-test drawing — Signs of dehydration, WTND p. 151
  • severe signs in a child — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • signs — Medicines › Diarrhea and dehydration: the homemade drink
  • the homemade drink — Making medicines › Rehydration drink: the cheapest life-saver
  • urine color, thirst — Floods, storms & heat › Water in the heat
• Dementia
  • caring at home — Chronic illness › Older people and the frail
• Dentures
  • sores, thrush, cleaning — Chronic illness › Glasses, hearing aids and dentures
• Deodorant
  • baking soda or cornstarch — Make-do household › Personal care
• Depression
  • St John's wort — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Depression (economic)
  • barter groups and local money — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Depression after birth — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Depth gauges (chainsaw) — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
• Derailleur
  • adjusting — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Describing a person or vehicle — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
• Desiccant — see Silica gel
• Destroying angel — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Desulfating
  • what works and what is wishful — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Desulfators
  • unproven — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
• Device
  • which one can run the library — Start on any device › Pick your device
• Dew
  • bring trays in at night — Root cellars › Drying food
• Diabetes
  • signs, type 1 and type 2 — Chronic illness › Diabetes
  • type 2 diet, metformin, sugar pills — Chronic illness › Type 2: food and work are medicine
  • what it meant before insulin — How antibiotics came to be › 1921–1923: insulin, the fastest of them all
• Diagonals
  • checking a rectangle is square — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Dial gauge
  • testing every year — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
• Dialysis
  • in a power outage — Chronic illness › Kidney disease
• Diamond hitch
  • photos — photos
• Diapers
  • cloth, washing — Make-do household › Menstrual pads and diapers
• Diarrhea
  • blood in the stool — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • children — drink, zinc, feeding — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • children: zinc, no anti-diarrhea pills — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
  • how much to drink after each stool — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
  • outbreak in the neighborhood — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
  • rabbits — Rabbits › Other troubles
  • rehydration drink — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
  • the drink that saves lives — Making medicines › Rehydration drink: the cheapest life-saver
  • the homemade drink — Medicines › Diarrhea and dehydration: the homemade drink
• Diazepam
  • in the rectum for a long seizure — Chronic illness › A seizure
• Diesel
  • gelling in cold weather — Fuel › Diesel care
  • how long it keeps — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • substitutes (heating oil, kerosene, Jet A) — Fuel › Diesel care
  • water in tanks — Fuel › Diesel care
• Diesel bug (microbes) — Fuel › Diesel care
• Diesel engine
  • glow plugs, cold starts, water in fuel — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Diesel trucks and tractors
  • ran out of fuel — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Diesel trucks and tractors
• Diesel engines
  • bleeding air out of the fuel — Engines › Diesel engines
  • knocking — Engines › Diesel engines
  • smoke and symptoms chart — Engines › Diesel engines
  • won't start or keeps dying — Engines › Diesel engines
• Diesel generator
  • running too lightly loaded — Engines › Diesel engines
• Diesel in gasoline — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
• Diethylene glycol
  • the poison in the 1937 elixir — How antibiotics came to be › 1932–1937: the sulfa drugs, and the price of skipping the safety test
• Digging a well — see Hand-dug well
• Dilution
  • C1 × V1 = C2 × V2 — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
• Diode
  • testing — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • testing with an ohmmeter — Engines › Testing what you salvaged
• Diodes
  • bypass and blocking — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
• Dipole antenna
  • how to build one — Radio › Build a wire antenna (half-wave dipole)
  • photos — photos
• Dipping candles
  • temperature and timing — Candles & lamps › Dipping candles step by step
• Direct messages
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 5. Channels: who can read what
• Direction
  • without a compass — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Direction (+ or −)
  • repeater setting — Using a radio › 4. Working through a repeater
• Disabled neighbors — Community & barter › Children, elders and neighbors who need help
• Disaster
  • first steps with neighbors — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Disaster play
  • violent or repeated play in children — Stories & games › If this goes wrong
• Disaster Registry
  • people who need help evacuating — Illinois Valley › Do these NOW, while you still have internet
• Disaster Registry (RVCOG) — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
• Disaster scenarios
  • which are most likely here — What to expect › How to use this guide
• Disasters together
  • quake + winter, fire + heat and more — What to expect › When disasters stack
• Disbudding
  • hot iron, before 3 weeks — Goats › Castration, disbudding and marking
  • where to burn — Disbudding, Peace Corps Vol 4 p. 415
• Dishes
  • washing and sanitizing — Sanitation › Dishes, laundry and periods
• Dishwater — see Greywater
• Disillusionment
  • the low months later — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid
• Disinfecting
  • beds, clothes, floors — Sanitation › Chlorine strengths from household bleach
  • kitchen, sickroom, after a flood — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
• Disinfecting a well — see Shock chlorination
• Disinfecting water
  • after settling or filtering — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • boiling, bleach, iodine, sunlight — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Dislocated shoulder
  • putting it back — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
  • sling time, back to work — Rehab & recovery › Shoulder
• Disputes
  • payment instead of revenge — First peoples' skills › Community ways that worked
  • settling them — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Distance
  • measuring on foot — Navigation & weather › Pace count: measuring distance on foot
  • over the ground, with the climbs counted (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Distances
  • on foot to Grants Pass, Medford, Crescent City — Illinois Valley › Walking out
• Distemper
  • dogs — Dogs › Vaccinate now: parvo, distemper and rabies
• Distilled water
  • topping up a battery — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Distilling
  • federal permit, proof — Making medicines › Alcohol: the strength that works
• Distilling water — see Solar still
• Distress call — see Mayday
• Distress signals
  • threes, SOS, upside-down flag — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Distribution lines
  • voltages — Power grid › From power plant to plug
• Ditch
  • cleaning and upkeep — Dams, weirs & ditches › Keeping a ditch working
  • fall per foot — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
  • grade, size and sides — Dams, weirs & ditches › Ditch grade and shape
• Ditches
  • roadside — Mortar, concrete & roads › Crown, shoulder and ditch
• Diversion
  • from a creek — Dams, weirs & ditches › Taking part of a creek
• Dizziness on standing
  • falls in older people — Chronic illness › Older people and the frail
  • getting up in stages — Rehab & recovery › Getting up in stages
• Do this now
  • save CHIRP and your channel file — Using a radio › 5. Programming with a computer, while there is internet
• Docking
  • lamb tails, how short — Sheep › Docking and castration
• Doctor
  • this is not a substitute — Medicines › Important
• Doe won't breed
  • try again, try another buck — Rabbits › Breeding schedule and records
• Does
  • how many to feed a family — Rabbits › How many does feed a family
• Dog and cat feces
  • not in compost — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
• Dog bite — see Bites
• Dog food
  • how much a dog eats in a year — Dogs › Feeding without kibble: what and how much
  • without kibble: meat, grain, scraps — Dogs › Feeding without kibble: what and how much
• Dog house — see Kennel
• Dog training
  • heel, sit, down, stay, come — Dogs › Basic obedience the Army way, without the harsh parts
• Dogbane
  • fiber — Knots & rope › Making cordage from plants and hide
  • fibre; poisonous to eat — First peoples' skills › Fibers, cordage and nets
• Dogs
  • as burglar deterrent — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
  • death cap poisoning — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • how many for a household — Dogs › How many dogs for a household
  • problems and fixes — Dogs › If this goes wrong
  • which kind for which job — Dogs › Which dog for which job
  • year calendar for the valley — Dogs › A dog year in the Illinois Valley
• Dogs chasing livestock
  • prevention — Dogs › Keeping dogs from chasing stock
• Dolls
  • corn husk, handkerchief — Stories & games › Things to make
• Dolomitic lime — Natural building › Making lime
• Domagk
  • the first medicine that stopped a spreading infection — How antibiotics came to be › 1932–1937: the sulfa drugs, and the price of skipping the safety test
• Dominoes
  • double-six set — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Donkey
  • dull and off its feed — emergency — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Donkeys
  • as guards: not against cougars or bears — Dogs › What guardian dogs can and can't do
  • barley straw, not rich hay — Horses › Feeding and water
  • need shelter and a companion — Horses › Choosing an animal
• Door
  • sticking, new plank door — Woodworking › Repairing doors, windows and furniture
• Door viewer
  • seeing who's there — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Door-roof shelter — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Doors
  • kicked in, how to stop it — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • open outward — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• Dose
  • arithmetic, double-checking — see Medicine
• Dose (radiation)
  • what 50 to 600 R does — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• Dose limits
  • 100 R, 5 rem, 25 rem — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• Dose rate
  • dose = rate × time — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Dose record
  • keep one for every person — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Doses
  • children's medicine — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
  • measuring, 1 teaspoon = 5 ml — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Dosimeter — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Dots and dashes — see Morse code
• Double boiler
  • melting wax safely — Candles & lamps › Cleaning and hardening tallow
• Double vision
  • after eating home-canned food — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
• Douglas iris
  • cord and rope fiber — Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
  • photos — photos
• Douglas-fir
  • benches, shelves — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
  • firewood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• Dovetail joint — Woodworking › Joints
• Down
  • duck down: sorting, washing, drying — Ducks › Down and feathers
  • saving, washing and using goose down — Geese › Down and feathers for warmth
• Downed power line
  • on a vehicle — Power grid › Fallen lines and step potential
  • step potential, getting away — Power grid › Fallen lines and step potential
• Downed power lines
  • 50 ft, never touch — Floods, storms & heat › Trees and lines coming down
• Downhill
  • trailer shoves the bike — Bicycles & carts › Hills and grades
• Downspouts
  • splash blocks (3 ft) — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
• Doyle log rule — see Logs
• Draft box — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
• Draft work
  • how much an animal can pull — Horses › Harness and draft work
• Drafts
  • sealing — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• Drain
  • clogged — Make-do household › Simple plumbing
• Drain field
  • distance from a well (100 ft) — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Drain pipe
  • how much fall — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Drainage around the house — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
• Drains slow
  • stop using the septic — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
• Drakes
  • how many per duck, telling sexes — Ducks › Keeping the flock going
• Draw
  • on the map — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Drawbar
  • hitch only here — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractors: daily checks, the hitch and the PTO
• Drawbored joint
  • pegged, no glue — Woodworking › Pegged and wedged joints: no glue, no nails
• Drawing out — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Drawknife
  • using it safely — Woodworking › Working safely
• Dressing tools
  • mushroomed chisel heads — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Dressings
  • sterile ones baked in an oven — Making medicines › Water, soap and salt water
• Dried camas
  • soak it overnight — First peoples' skills › Camas: the oven, and the cakes that got people through winter
• Dried fruit
  • is it dry yet? — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
  • is it dry? conditioning — Root cellars › Drying food
• Dried meat — see Jerky
• Dried mushrooms
  • powdered for flavor — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
  • powdered, for soups and sauces — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Dried squash
  • in winter dishes — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
  • in winter soups and stews — Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
• Drift — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Drill
  • motor, gearbox, battery — Salvage & repurposing › Ceiling fans, drills and power tools
• Drill battery — see Tool batteries
• Drilled well
  • casing and submersible pump — Wells & pumps › Know your well
  • labeled diagram — Water well diagram, OWRD p. 7
• Driller's report — see Well report
• Drinking water
  • making it safe — Water purification › Which method does what
• Drip chlorinator
  • barrels, no power — Town water & sewer › Chlorinating by hand
• Drip irrigation — Seed bank › Growing it here
• Drive belt — see Fan belt
• Driven well
  • sand point — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Driveway
  • clearance for a fire engine — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
  • crown and drainage — Mortar, concrete & roads › Crown, shoulder and ditch
  • fire-engine access — Mortar, concrete & roads › Culverts and water bars
  • gate setback and turnaround drawing — FEMA P-737, p. 76
  • width, height, weight, turnaround (FEMA) — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Driving
  • flooded roads — Floods, storms & heat › Moving water: turn around
• Drone brood
  • cutting it out for mites — Bees › Varroa and other pests without store chemicals
• Drop spindle
  • making one — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Drop tube and flapper valve — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Drop, Cover, Hold On — Illinois Valley › Earthquake (Cascadia) and tsunami
• Dropping feed while chewing
  • tooth trouble — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Drops
  • unreliable for medicine — Practical math › Food, medicine and time math
• Drought
  • local drought years — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
  • water-wise crops — Building soil & permaculture › More calories for less work and water
• Drowning
  • CPR — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
  • buckets, barrels, stock tanks — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
  • children, ponds and ditches — Dams, weirs & ditches › Working in and near water
  • small children watched only by children — Stories & games › Group and outdoor games
• Drowning machine — see Low-head dam
• Drug safety
  • why a medicine must be tested before anyone takes it — How antibiotics came to be › 1932–1937: the sulfa drugs, and the price of skipping the safety test
• Drum pump — Fuel › Drums and vehicles
  • drawing — Drum pumps, FM 10-67-1 p. 354
• Drum signals
  • one tap dot, two taps dash — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Drums
  • 55-gallon, what they held — Salvage & repurposing › 55-gallon drums and IBC totes
  • cutting one that held fuel — Salvage & repurposing › 55-gallon drums and IBC totes
• Drums (55-gallon)
  • hand pumps — Fuel › Drums and vehicles
  • opening bungs — Fuel › Drums and vehicles
• Dry beans — Seed bank › Filling the calorie gap
  • storing against weevils — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
• Dry farming — Building soil & permaculture › Keeping water in the soil through a dry summer
• Dry ice
  • treating grain — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Dry milk
  • pounds to store, shelf life — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
• Dry rot — see Rot
• Dry season
  • store chicken feed for summer too — Chickens › Storing feed and the dry season
  • store rabbit feed for summer too — Rabbits › Poisonous plants
• Dry summer
  • keeping water in the soil — Building soil & permaculture › Keeping water in the soil through a dry summer
• Dry well
  • in a drought — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
  • lower the pump — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Dryer
  • blower, motor, drum — Salvage & repurposing › Washing machines and dryers
• Drying clothes
  • in a shelter — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Drying firewood — see Seasoning firewood
• Drying food
  • sun and solar drying — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
  • trays and sun drying — Root cellars › Drying food
• Drying herbs
  • and storing them — Making medicines › Teas, tinctures, salves and poultices
• Drying lumber — see Lumber, Seasoning lumber
• Drying mushrooms
  • with or without a dehydrator — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Drying off
  • a milk cow, how and when — Cattle › The family milk cow: daily routine, milk and drying off
• Drying seed
  • temperature, snap test — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
• Dual watch
  • and why it drains the battery — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Dual-purpose cattle
  • Milking Shorthorn, Devon, Red Poll, Dexter — Cattle › Breeds: dairy, beef and dual-purpose
• Dubbin
  • leather dressing — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Duck diseases
  • signs and what to do — Ducks › Duck health with no vet
• Duck eggs
  • 28 days; Muscovy 35 — FB 697 p. 19, incubation
  • hatching under a chicken hen — Ducks › Hatching under hens, Muscovies or ducks
  • spoil faster than hens' eggs — Ducks › Duck eggs: when and how many
  • when ducks lay, how many — Ducks › Duck eggs: when and how many
• Duck fat
  • poured off and kept — Ducks › Cooking it
• Duck feed
  • home-grown mash recipes — Ducks › Home-grown rations
  • without a feed store — Ducks › Feeding with no feed store
• Duck house
  • dry floor, nests, vents — Ducks › Housing, water and keeping bedding dry
• Duck in milk
  • for an old bird — Ducks › Cooking it
• Duck plague
  • wild waterfowl — Ducks › Duck health with no vet
• Duck virus hepatitis
  • young ducklings — Ducks › Duck health with no vet
• Ducklings
  • brooder temperatures — Ducks › Raising ducklings with no power
  • brooding with no power — Ducks › Raising ducklings with no power
  • when they can swim — Ducks › Raising ducklings with no power
• Ducks
  • choosing breeds for eggs or meat — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
  • how many for a family — Ducks › How many ducks for a family
  • killing and plucking — Ducks › Butchering and plucking
  • troubleshooting — Ducks › If this goes wrong
  • year calendar for the valley — Ducks › The duck year in the Illinois Valley
• Due date
  • how to work it out — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Dug well
  • drawing — Lined dug well, USDA FB 1448 p. 20
  • lowering a bucket into it — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Dummy cell
  • why five alkalines, not six — Using a radio › Running it on AA cells when the pack dies
• Dump
  • shared neighborhood dump — Sanitation › A shared neighborhood dump
• Dump load — Engines › Motors as generators
  • heating water with it — Storing energy › Hot water: where spare electricity should go
  • water-heater element — Salvage & repurposing › Water heaters
• Dump-load controller
  • hydro — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
• Dumplings
  • steamed or dropped on a stew — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Dung in plaster — see Stabilisers for clay
• Durable woods
  • which resist rot — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
• Dust bath
  • wood ash and sulfur — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Dust mulch
  • old advice — Building soil & permaculture › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Dutch oven
  • baking bread — Food from scratch › Staples
  • coals on the lid — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Duty roster — see Chores
• DVT — see Blood clot
• Dyes
  • natural, from plants — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Dying
  • caring for them — Injuries › Knowing when someone can't be saved
  • when medicine runs out — Chronic illness › When someone can no longer be kept well
• Dysentery — see Bloody diarrhea

E

• E-bike batteries — see Lithium batteries
• E-bike battery — see Battery packs
• E-books
  • continue where you left off — Stories & games › Opening the books on the library computer or a phone
  • opening on the library computer or a phone — Stories & games › Opening the books on the library computer or a phone
  • reading them in the browser with no program — Start on any device › No program? Use the library in your web browser
  • save the file for an e-book app — Stories & games › Opening the books on the library computer or a phone
• E1 pulse
  • strongest south of the burst — EMP › Two different threats
• E1, E2, E3
  • drawing — Parts of a HEMP signal, Meta-R-320 p. 12
  • parts of the pulse — EMP › Two different threats
• E10
  • after phase separation — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
  • how much water it can hold — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
  • phase separation — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
  • shelf life — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
• Ear mites
  • crusty ears in rabbits — Rabbits › Ear mites (ear canker)
• Ear notching
  • numbering pigs — Pigs › Keeping the line going
• Ear tags — see Livestock
• Early warning
  • with no power — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
• Earphone
  • for a weak signal — Using a radio › On/off and volume
• Earth
  • weight, and swell when dug — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Earth blocks
  • stabilised-soil mortar — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
• Earth dam
  • building one by hand or with animals — Dams, weirs & ditches › Building the bank by hand or with animals
• Earth filter
  • build one from a bucket — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • drawing — Earth filter, NWSS 1979 p. 78
• Earth oven — see Pit roasting
• Earth plaster
  • mix (3 sand : 1 clay) and coats — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Earth walls
  • earthquake danger — Shelter › Earth building — with the Cascadia caution
• Earthbags — Natural building › Lighter systems: straw-clay, hempcrete, wattle, bags, blocks, cordwood
• Earthen floors
  • layers and sealing — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Earthquake — see Big earthquake
  • 10 mistakes that collapse earth houses — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
  • Cascadia magnitude 9 — Illinois Valley › Earthquake (Cascadia) and tsunami
  • bolting the house to its foundation — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • brick chimneys — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • checking your house — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • choosing a wall system — Natural building › Choosing a system for our conditions
  • cripple walls — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • drawing of the 10 mistakes — Ten mistakes, Minke p. 12
  • how long we'd be cut off — Illinois Valley › Earthquake (Cascadia) and tsunami
• Earthquake in winter — What to expect › When disasters stack
• Earthworms
  • as chicken feed — Chickens › Range, bugs and worms
• East wind
  • fire danger — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
  • fire weather — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
  • strongest at night — Wildfire › East wind: the night is not safe
• Eaten from the vent
  • opossum — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Eating their eggs
  • calcium, dark nests — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Eaves — see Roof overhang
• Echinacea
  • colds — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Economic crisis
  • what to expect — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Edge bends
  • too soft — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Edge chips
  • too hard — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Edible mushrooms
  • and their look-alikes — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Egg drop syndrome
  • geese carry it to hens — Geese › Health with no vet
• Egg-bound hen
  • straining, prolapse — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Eggplant
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
• Eggs
  • fewer in winter (daylight) — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
  • how many per hen on little feed — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
  • keeping 6–9 months in water glass — Root cellars › Fermenting, salting, eggs and vinegar
  • keeping in water glass or limewater — Preserving food › Lard, confit, eggs and vinegar
  • scrambled and omelets — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
• Eggshells
  • feeding back to hens — Chickens › Calcium, grit and salt
• Elder
  • flowers for fever and colds — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Elderberries
  • which kinds can be canned — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
  • ⚠️ never raw — cook them — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
• Elderberry
  • always cook — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
  • cook only — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Elderly neighbors
  • check twice a day in heat — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
• Elders
  • checking on them — Community & barter › Children, elders and neighbors who need help
  • water, falls, medicines, confusion — Chronic illness › Older people and the frail
• Electric car
  • battery fire, reignition — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
  • charging from solar or a generator — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
  • high voltage, 12-volt battery — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
  • storing the pack — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
• Electric fence
  • against bears, wire heights — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
  • for bears: wires, volts — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
  • for dogs and against coyotes and bears — Dogs › Fences that keep guardians home
  • night pen for geese — Geese › Predators
  • solar charger; ground wire in dry summers — Pigs › Electric wire with no power from the grid
• Electric meter
  • reading the dials — Power grid › Wiring, metering and sharing
• Electric motors
  • hums but won't start — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
  • won't run — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Electric shock
  • first aid and prevention — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • getting someone clear — Injuries › Burns
  • rescue and first aid — Power grid › If someone is shocked
• Electrical shock
  • after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Power, appliances and fuel
• Electricity
  • how it reaches the house — Power grid › From power plant to plug
• Electricity committee
  • operator and log — Power grid › The operator, the committee and the log
• Electricity from wood
  • wood gas, steam, thermoelectric compared — Heat into power › The honest numbers: what a pound of wood can do
• Electromagnetic pulse — see EMP, EMP (electromagnetic pulse)
• Electronics
  • repair and salvage — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • which survived the tests — EMP › What the tests actually found
• Elevated tank — see Water tank
• Elevation — see Altitude
  • height of any spot on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Elixir sulfanilamide
  • the 93 people killed in 1937 — How antibiotics came to be › 1932–1937: the sulfa drugs, and the price of skipping the safety test
• Elk — see Venison
  • Roosevelt elk habits — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
  • nearly wiped out here once — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
  • where they live and gather (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Elk-horn spoon
  • how mush was served and eaten — First peoples' skills › Acorn soup, the everyday meal
• Ellipse (oval)
  • laying out with string and two stakes — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Email by radio — see Winlink
• Embankment
  • compacting in thin layers — Dams, weirs & ditches › Building the bank by hand or with animals
• Ember patrol
  • after the front passes — Wildfire › Right after: ember patrol
• Embers
  • how they ignite houses — Wildfire › How houses catch fire
• Emden goose
  • white meat goose, good sitter — Geese › Choosing breeds
• Emergencies
  • chronic illness: sugar, seizure, asthma, chest pain — Chronic illness › The first minutes
  • when to act fast — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Emergency Alert System
  • which stations carry it — Illinois Valley › AM / FM / TV for local news and emergency alerts
• Emergency Alert System (EAS) — Radio › 7. Shortwave (SWL) — hearing the outside world
• Emergency alerts
  • signing up — Illinois Valley › Do these NOW, while you still have internet
• Emergency call
  • who, where, what, what you need — Radio › 9. How to call for help (procedure)
• Emergency communications
  • hams relay welfare traffic — Radio › 6. Ham (Amateur) Radio — the serious emergency option
• Emergency exception
  • using any radio to save life — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
• Emergency frequencies
  • CB 9, 146.520, NOAA — Radio › 14. Print-and-keep frequency card
• Emergency room
  • none in the valley — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
• Emergency shelter — Shelter › Emergency tarp and plastic shelters
• Emergency transmitting without a license — Radio › Licensing (USA) — easier than you think
• Emery cloth
  • never on a commutator — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• EMP
  • protecting a library computer — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • protecting radios — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
  • what to expect — What to expect › 9. Solar storm or EMP
• EMP (electromagnetic pulse)
  • E1, E2 and E3 explained — EMP › Two different threats
  • nuclear EMP vs solar storm — EMP › Two different threats
  • photos and history — photos
• EMP myths
  • what testing really showed — EMP › What the tests actually found
• Empty cans and drums
  • full of explosive vapor — 📖 FM 10-67-1, p. 14
• Empty shelves — see Grocery stores empty
• Encryption
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 5. Channels: who can read what
• Energy storage
  • timing the work instead — Storing energy › The best store of all: work while the power is there
  • without batteries, compared — Storing energy › How much each way holds: the honest numbers
• Engine lacks power — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Engine overheats
  • diesel — Engines › Diesel engines
  • small engines — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Engine waste heat — Heat into power › Other ways to put heat to work
• Engine won't start
  • car or pickup — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › When it won't start
  • diesel — Engines › Diesel engines
  • small gas engines — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• English holly
  • invasive, don't plant — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Engraving — see Operation ID
• Entanglement
  • PTO shafts — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Enterotoxemia
  • CD&T vaccine — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Epidemic — see Pandemic
• Epilepsy
  • seizure medicines and doses — Chronic illness › Epilepsy
• Epinephrine pen
  • expired — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• EpiPen — see Epinephrine pen
• Equal parts
  • dividing a board without arithmetic — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
• Equalizing
  • flooded and AGM voltages — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
  • never on lithium — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
• Ergot
  • never — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
  • on grain heads — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Error signal
  • eight dots — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Erysipelas
  • diamond skin; people catch it — Pigs › Pig health with no vet
• Escape gaps
  • drawing — Escape gaps, FAO p. 24
  • let small fish out of traps — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Escape path — see Felling
• Escape routes
  • on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • two ways out — Home protection › A safe room and a household plan
  • two ways out of every room — Home protection › Fire and legal limits on any barrier
• Ethanol
  • farm-made fuel — see Alcohol fuel
• Ethanol gas
  • trouble in small engines — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Ethanol gasoline — see E10
• Ethylene gas
  • apples next to vegetables — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Euthanasia
  • dogs — Dogs › Old age and a humane end
  • livestock — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
  • when a horse can't be saved — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Euthanized animals
  • poison eagles, bears, dogs — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
• EV (electric vehicle) — see Electric car
• Evacuation
  • horse go-kit — Horses › Local dangers
  • in a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Getting people, animals and supplies up high
  • leaving early for a fire — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
  • open the gate — Home protection › Fire and legal limits on any barrier
  • triggers to leave — Wildfire › Triggers: write them down
  • when to leave — Illinois Valley › Evacuation levels (Josephine County)
• Evacuation alerts
  • why they can fail — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
• Evacuation levels
  • Be Ready, Be Set, Go Now — Illinois Valley › Evacuation levels (Josephine County)
• Evacuation shelters
  • in the 2020 fires — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
• Evacuation zone
  • looking yours up — Illinois Valley › Do these NOW, while you still have internet
• Evaporation of fuel
  • dark vs white tanks, sun vs shade — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
• Evaporative cooler — Root cellars › Cooling without power
  • iceless refrigerator for dairy — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooling milk with no power
• Eveners
  • big-team hitches — Horses › Harness and draft work
• Evenings
  • what to do when it's dark at 5 — Stories & games › A simple evening routine
• Exempt water uses — see Water rights
• Exhaust steam
  • heating and feed water — Heat into power › Condensing and reusing the water
• Expedient shelter
  • quick home shelters, step by step — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Expired medicines
  • which still work — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
  • which to throw out — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Exploding batteries
  • charging a lithium cell — Batteries › Never recharge a non-rechargeable
• Extended-release tablets
  • never split or crush — Chronic illness › Making a supply last
• Extension cords
  • for generators — Engines › Generators
• Extreme heat — see Heat wave
• Eye injury
  • rinsing, fly mask — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Eye splice — Knots & rope › Eye splice

F

• F-75
  • recipe — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• F-diagram
  • fingers, flies, fields, fluids, food — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Face cord — see Cord of wood
• Faded writing
  • restoring — Paper & ink › Keeping ink, and bringing back faded writing
• Fahrenheit — see Temperature
• Faint, pale or sweaty after birth — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
• Fairy tales
  • Grimm, Andersen, Lang — Stories & games › Ages 5–9: read-aloud chapter books and early readers
• Falling trees
  • how far they reach — Floods, storms & heat › Trees and lines coming down
• Fallout — see Nuclear fallout
  • milk and dairy animals — Milk, butter & cheese › After fallout
  • what it looks like (sand, ash, grit) — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
  • when it arrives (15 minutes to 10+ hours) — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
  • when it arrives, how long to shelter — What to expect › 10. Nuclear attack and fallout
• Fallout from overseas
  • across the Pacific — Nuclear fallout › Our area
• Fallout meter — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Fallout shelter
  • best to worst places — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• False chanterelle — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• False distress call
  • never — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
• False morels — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • telling them from true morels — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• FAMACHA
  • eyelid color score — Goats › Worms with few or no dewormers
• Family cloth — Make-do household › Toilet paper alternatives
  • washing it safely — Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
• Family milk cow
  • daily routine and yield — Cattle › The family milk cow: daily routine, milk and drying off
• Fan
  • Raspberry Pi cooler on GPIO 14 — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
• Fan belt
  • tension (½ inch) — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cooling: radiator, hoses and belts
• Fans
  • in extreme heat — Floods, storms & heat › Keeping the house cool with no power
  • useless above the upper 90s — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
• Fans and air conditioning
  • turn off — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Faraday bag
  • closures leak — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Faraday cage — see Faraday container
  • computer stored in an ammo can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • photos — photos
  • why not run electronics sealed inside — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
• Faraday container
  • how to build one that works — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Farm pond
  • choosing a site — Dams, weirs & ditches › Choosing the site and the watershed
  • for stock, fire, fish and crops — Dams, weirs & ditches › Ponds for stock, fire, fish and watering
  • pipes, trees and burrows — Dams, weirs & ditches › Pipes, trees and burrowing animals
• Farnsworth method — Signals & Morse › Learning Morse by ear
• Farrier — see Shoeing
• Farrowing
  • pen, guard rail, warm corner — Pigs › Getting ready to farrow
  • the night she gives birth — Pigs › Farrowing night
• Farrowing crate
  • crushing, sow's body heat — Pigs › Getting ready to farrow
• Fast breathing
  • children, by age — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • newborn, 60 or more — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Fatigue
  • on night watch — Home protection › Stress, fatigue and judgment
• Fatwood — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
  • as a light — Candles & lamps › Getting more light from a little flame
• Faucet
  • dripping, replacing a washer — Make-do household › Simple plumbing
• Fava beans
  • cover crop — Building soil & permaculture › Cover crops and green manures
• FCC rules
  • Part 95 and Part 97 on the drive — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
• Feather pecking
  • cannibalism — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Feather picking
  • turkeys — Turkeys › Health with no vet
• Feathers
  • duck, for pillows and comforters — Ducks › Down and feathers
  • washing for pillows and quilts — Geese › Down and feathers for warmth
• Feed coming out of the nose
  • choke — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Feed cutter
  • from a reel mower — Salvage & repurposing › Lawn mowers and small engines
• Feeding bees
  • sugar syrup, candy, honey — Bees › Feeding: sugar if you have it, honey if you don't
• Feeding horses
  • how much hay and grain — Horses › Feeding and water
• Feet
  • cold and wet — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Felling
  • back cut and hinge — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • back cut drawing — Back cut and hinge, EC 1124 p. 8
  • escape path — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • keep everyone two tree-lengths away — 📖 WorkSafeBC Part 1, p. 13
  • notch (undercut) — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • notch drawings — Three notches, EC 1124 p. 7
  • sizing up the tree — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • tree hung up in another — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • with a crosscut saw and axe — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Felling without fuel
  • crosscut saw and ax — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
• Felting
  • hats, boot liners, mittens — Clothing & leather › Felting wool: hats, boot liners and mittens
  • how to prevent it — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Fence
  • length and number of posts — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Fence posts
  • concrete — Mortar, concrete & roads › Footings, slabs, posts and troughs
• Fence-line disputes — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Fences
  • burnable parts 10 ft from the house — Home protection › Fire and legal limits on any barrier
  • for cattle: board, rail, sapling, wire — Cattle › Fences, water and shelter
  • for goats; no barbed wire — Goats › Fences, shelter and predators
  • for sheep; wool insulates from electric — Sheep › Fences, shelter and pens
  • gate attached to a garage (photo) — FEMA P-737, p. 63
  • hog-tight woven wire, hot wires — Pigs › Fences that hold pigs
  • see-through vs. privacy — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Fentanyl
  • counterfeit pills, used patches — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Feral pigs
  • never release pigs — Pigs › Never let pigs go feral
• Fermenting seed
  • tomatoes and cucumbers — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
• Fermenting vegetables
  • salt per pound — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
• Ferns on toast
  • old advice — don't — Food when scarce › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Ferro rod — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Feta
  • keeps in brine — Milk, butter & cheese › Feta and halloumi: cheese that keeps in brine
• Fever
  • 102 °F or more — act fast — Horses › Health checks and first aid
  • after a wound (sepsis) — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
  • in a child — paracetamol dose — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • in the mother after birth — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
  • with a stiff neck — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • without medicine, willow bark — Making medicines › Pain and fever
• Fever in a baby
  • 99.5 °F or more — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Feverfew
  • preventing migraine — Making medicines › Other pain helpers
• Field dressing
  • drawings — Field dressing, Hunter ed p. 64
  • step by step — Hunting & fishing › Field dressing and the gutless method
• Figure eight
  • stopper and loop — Knots & rope › Figure eight: the stopper and the loop
• File
  • photos — photos
• File test
  • will it harden? — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Files
  • care and cleaning — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Filing a chain — see Saw chain
• Fill-pipe cap colors
  • which fuel is which — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Filtering water (fallout) — see Earth filter
• Filters — see Water filters
• Fingers
  • buddy tape, mallet finger — Rehab & recovery › Elbow, wrist, hand and fingers
• Fire
  • as a threat to your home — Home protection › Fire as a threat to your home
  • starting without matches — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
  • straw on site in fire season — Natural building › Straw bale
  • wildfire evacuation and smoke — Illinois Valley › Wildfire
• Fire balloons
  • never send them up — Stories & games › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Fire breaks
  • grazing them with goats — Goats › Brush, fire breaks and fire season
• Fire danger
  • humidity, wind, time of day — Wildfire › Reading fire danger with no forecast
• Fire district
  • Illinois Valley — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
• Fire engine access
  • driveway and gate — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Fire escape
  • windows and double-cylinder locks — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Fire extinguisher
  • P.A.S.S. — Home protection › Fire as a threat to your home
  • chimney fire — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • where to keep it — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Fire front
  • hours before — Wildfire › Hours before the front
• Fire hydrant — Town water & sewer › Mains, valves, hydrants and the pipe to your house
• Fire line — see Hand line
• Fire lookout
  • night watch in fire season — Community & barter › Illinois Valley notes
• Fire pit
  • from a washer drum — Salvage & repurposing › Washing machines and dryers
• Fire pump
  • lift, fuel, hoses — Wildfire › Water with no power
• Fire retardant
  • burn morels — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Fire safety
  • no flames within 50 ft of open fuel — 📖 FM 10-67-1, p. 21
• Fire season
  • ODF rules for travelers — On foot › Fire and fire season
  • dragging metal — Bicycles & carts › Illinois Valley hazards
  • no signal fires June–October — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
  • saw work — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Fire starters
  • fatwood, petroleum-jelly cotton — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Fire weather
  • warning signs — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Firearm safety — see Gun safety
• Firearm training — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Firearms
  • safe storage law — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Firebreak
  • season-by-season work — Wildfire › Which work in which season
• Firebrick
  • fire-clay mortar — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
• Fireless cooker — see Hay box, Hay-box cooker, Haybox
• Fires after a blast
  • check the house — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
• Firewood
  • best local woods — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • energy in a pound — Storing energy › How much each way holds: the honest numbers
  • heat per cord (BTU) — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • heat per cord, oak and madrone — Illinois Valley › Homestead skills: soap, fuel, heat, sanitation, crafts
  • how far from the house — Illinois Valley › Around the house (defensible space)
  • how much for a winter (2–4 cords) — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • kindling vs. overnight wood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • value in trade — see Cord of wood
  • where oak and other trees grow (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • year-ahead plan — Firewood › A firewood year (rule of thumb)
• Firewood calendar
  • what to do each month — Firewood › A firewood year (rule of thumb)
• Firewood length
  • for the stove (16 in) — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Firmware
  • putting Meshtastic on a radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 3. Do these now, while there is internet
• First 72 hours
  • what to do — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
• First aid
  • for dogs: wounds, heatstroke, snakebite — Dogs › First aid for a hurt dog
• First frost
  • Oct 12 — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food
• First-aid kit
  • Army list — Injuries › The kit to build now
  • household extras — Injuries › The kit to build now
• First-flush diverter
  • drawing — Standpipe first-flush, Texas p. 14
  • how much to dump — Wells & pumps › Cisterns and rainwater
• First-hour checklist (nuclear) — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
• Fish
  • broiled over coals — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
  • broiled over coals, fried, boiled — Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
  • canning smoked fish — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
  • fried, and boiled whole — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
  • salting and drying — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
  • salting and smoking — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
  • smoking — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
• Fish chowder — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Fish ladder — Dams, weirs & ditches › Salmon, steelhead and fish passage
• Fish poison
  • never; illegal — First peoples' skills › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Fish screen
  • creek intake — Engines › Motors as generators
  • on a ditch intake — Dams, weirs & ditches › Salmon, steelhead and fish passage
• Fish traps
  • brush or stake fence in a stream — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
  • drawings — Fish traps, FM 3-05.70 p. 146
• Fishing
  • Illinois River, Lake Selmac, Rogue — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
  • rules while they're enforced — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
• Fits — see Seizures
  • in a child — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • in pregnancy or after birth — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Flag colors
  • red danger, green all clear, yellow disregard — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• Flag signaling (Morse)
  • left = dash, right = dot — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Flame length
  • what hand tools can do — Wildfire › Smoke columns, spotting and flame length
• Flapjacks — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Flapper valve — see Drop tube and flapper valve
• Flares
  • start fires — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
• Flash (nuclear) — see Nuclear flash
• Flash flood
  • leave on foot for high ground — Floods, storms & heat › The first hour of a flood
  • never drive into moving water — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
  • warning signs — Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
• Flashboards — Dams, weirs & ditches › Diversion weirs
• Flashing
  • over windows and doors (4 in up) — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
  • valley drawing — Valley flashing, FB 1751 p. 29
  • valleys, chimneys, walls — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
• Flashing the field — Engines › Motors as generators
• Flashlight signaling
  • short and long flashes — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Flat tire — see Flat tyre
  • patching — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tires, flats and jacking
• Flat tyre
  • patching a tube — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Flatbread — Food from scratch › Staples
• Flax
  • brake drawing — Flax brake, USDA FB669 p. 18
  • growing for fiber — Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
  • retting, breaking, scutching — Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
• Fleas
  • in an empty house — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
• Fleece
  • skirting, rolling, tying — Sheep › Shearing by hand
  • washing without felting — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Fleming
  • the plate, the mould and the 1929 paper — How antibiotics came to be › 1928–1929: Fleming's mould, and the decade it sat still
• Flies
  • breeding in garbage and compost — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
  • how fast they breed; garbage — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
• Flies on meat
  • blowfly eggs, pepper, cloth strips — Hunting & fishing › Cooling meat in our heat
• Flint and steel — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Flint corn — Seed bank › Filling the calorie gap
• Floating teeth — see Teeth
• Flocculation — Town water & sewer › Treatment, step by step
• Flock size
  • hens for a family — Chickens › How many birds for a family
• Flood
  • 1964 and recent floods — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
  • after it: cleaning up — Floods, storms & heat › After the flood
  • reading rising water with no forecast — Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
  • the first hour — Floods, storms & heat › The first hour of a flood
  • well probably contaminated — see Flooded well
• Flood irrigation — see Irrigation
• Flood marks
  • reading old ones — Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
• Flood zones
  • on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Flooded engine
  • wet plug — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Flooded well
  • what to do — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Floods
  • earth and straw walls collapse — 📖 DSIR 1922, p. 19
  • fast-rising rivers — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
  • propane tanks after — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
• Floodwater
  • sickness from it — Floods, storms & heat › Sickness from floodwater
• Floor drains
  • plugging — Town water & sewer › When the town's sewer fails
• Floor loads
  • beam and posts for earth — Home protection › A wall against stray bullets: protecting people
• Floors
  • earth — see Earthen floors
• Florey
  • Oxford, 1939 to 1941 — How antibiotics came to be › 1939–1941: Oxford, and the first patient
• Flour
  • grinding by hand — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • how long it keeps — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
• Flour and fat
  • what they alone will make — Food from scratch › Flour and fat and nothing else
• Flour sacks
  • dish towels — Paper & ink › Handkerchiefs, towels and reusing paper
• Flowering quince
  • hedge size — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Flu pandemic
  • 1918, 1957, 1968, 2009 — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Flume
  • measuring — Dams, weirs & ditches › Flumes
• Fluorescent bulbs
  • broken — cleanup — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
• Flushing
  • extra feed before breeding — Sheep › Feeding with no feed store: pasture, hay and water
• Flux
  • borax or clean sand — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Fly agaric — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Flywheel
  • energy and danger — Storing energy › Compressed air and flywheels: why not
  • pulling a magnet flywheel — Engines › Taking it apart safely
• Flywheel key
  • sheared — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Fog
  • sound signals work — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
  • valley fog and inversions — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Foil wrap
  • two layers, seams folded — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Food
  • half rations for most adults — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
• Food after fallout
  • what's still fine to eat — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
• Food calendar
  • what to gather or make when — Food from scratch › The year at a glance
• Food for the sick
  • broth, jelly, gruel — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Food forest
  • layers and costs — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
• Food needs — see Calories
• Food poisoning
  • botulism from home-canned food — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
• Food safety
  • after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Food to throw out
• Food storage
  • days of supply — Practical math › Food, medicine and time math
  • for a family of four — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
  • keeping grain dry (under 12%) — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
  • locking and splitting stores — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
  • one-year list per adult — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
  • temperature (40–70 °F) — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Food stores
  • locking, two people present — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• Food-grade buckets
  • recycling numbers 1 and 2 — Make-do household › Containers and storage
• Foot care — see Blisters
  • daily routine on a trip — On foot › A daily foot routine
• Foot rot
  • sheep: zinc sulfate bath — Sheep › Hooves and foot rot
• Foot travel — see Backpacking
• Footings
  • size and depth — Mortar, concrete & roads › Footings, slabs, posts and troughs
• Forage
  • wild plants safe for rabbits — Rabbits › Greens and forage: what's safe
• Foraging — see Wild food
  • mushrooms, step by step — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
  • range, insects, worms — Chickens › Range, bugs and worms
  • where edible plants have been seen (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Forced labor
  • old advice — keep it voluntary — Community & barter › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Forced molt
  • old advice — Chickens › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Ford — see River crossing
• Forest fire — see Wildfire
• Forest garden — see Food forest
• Forest roads
  • numbers and whether you can drive them (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • road numbers and signs — Illinois Valley › Maps
• Forge
  • brake-drum or tub forge — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • brick forge drawing — Brick forge, ICS p. 12
  • building a simple forge — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Forge blower
  • from a dryer — Salvage & repurposing › Washing machines and dryers
• Forge fire
  • running it — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • won't get hot — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Forge welding
  • photos — photos
  • step by step — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
  • weld won't stick — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Forging temperature — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Forms
  • building, why they fail — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mixing, forms, steel and placing by hand
• Fortifying a property
  • barriers that delay without harming — Home protection › Fortifying the property: barriers that delay without harming
• Fostering
  • kits to another doe — Rabbits › Fostering
• Foulbrood — see American foulbrood
• Foundation
  • for earth and straw walls — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
  • height above ground (8 in) — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
  • squaring the corners — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Founder — see Laminitis
• Four-vegetables-mixed
  • dried beans, squash, corn, sunflower — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Foxglove
  • heart poison — Horses › Local dangers
  • mistaken for comfrey — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes · Medicines › Medicinal plants — go carefully
  • photos — photos
  • poisonous, not for toys — Stories & games › Things to make
  • toxic to chickens — Chickens › Plants that poison chickens
  • toxic to stock — Rabbits › Poisonous plants
• Foxglove (digitalis)
  • never as medicine — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
• Foxtails
  • in dogs' ears, noses, feet — Dogs › Health with no vet: parasites, foxtails and sickness
• Fracture
  • after the cast, weight bearing — Rehab & recovery › After a splint or cast comes off
• Fractures — see Broken bones
• Frame (bicycle)
  • bent or kinked tube — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
  • broken tube — brazing — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Frass (sawdust and insect parts) — see Carpenter ants
• Freeboard
  • on dams — Dams, weirs & ditches › The parts of a dam
• Freewheel
  • worn with the chain — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
• Freezer
  • cool box, buried cellar, smoker — Salvage & repurposing › Fridges and freezers
• Freezer food
  • in an outage — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
• Freezing
  • draining a solar water heater — Storing energy › Solar water heaters you can build
• Freezing grain
  • to kill bugs — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Freezing mushrooms
  • sauté or steam first — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Freezing rain — Floods, storms & heat › Winter storms and ice storms — see Ice storm
• Frequencies — see Emergency frequencies
• Frequency
  • 60 hertz, what it tells you — Power grid › AC, 60 cycles and staying in step
  • kHz and MHz — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
  • rpm from Hz — Engines › Testing what you salvaged
  • typing one in — Using a radio › Channel or frequency
  • what fluctuating frequency harms — Engines › Hooking it up
• Frequency card
  • print and fill in — Radio › 14. Print-and-keep frequency card
• Fresno scraper — Dams, weirs & ditches › Building the bank by hand or with animals
• Fricassee — see Old hen
• Friction
  • about 10% per pulley — Practical math › Levers, pulleys and loads
• Fritters
  • batter and how to fry — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Froe — Woodworking › Splitting and riving green wood
  • drawing — Froe, Beard p. 149
  • splitting shingles — Shelter › Splitting and laying your own shingles and shakes
• Frog
  • healthy feels like firm rubber — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
• Front-end loader
  • carry the bucket low — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractors: daily checks, the hitch and the PTO
• Frost
  • low ground where it comes early (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • when to expect it — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Frost dates
  • Cave Junction — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food · Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
  • recording — Navigation & weather › A simple home weather log
• Frost pockets — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • where to plant trees — Building soil & permaculture › Fitting it to your land
• Frostbite
  • feet on the trail — On foot › Trench foot and frostbite
  • signs, warming — Floods, storms & heat › Cold injuries
• Frozen battery
  • a flat one cracks — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Frozen pipe
  • thawing — Make-do household › Simple plumbing
• Frozen pipes
  • draining, thawing — Floods, storms & heat › Frozen pipes
• Frozen shoulder
  • rope pulley — Rehab & recovery › Shoulder
• Frozen wood
  • splits easier — Firewood › Splitting
• FRS
  • channel 3 check-in — Illinois Valley › Ham radio, GMRS, FRS / MURS (club websites, Nov 2026 — verify)
• FRS (Family Radio Service)
  • 22 channels, no license — Radio › FRS (Family Radio Service) — no license
• FRS and GMRS radios
  • channel numbers and the code trap — Using a radio › FRS and GMRS bubble-pack radios
• FRS channel 3
  • Monday check-in — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• Fruit leather — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
• Fruit trees
  • seeds don't come true — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Fryers
  • butcher age and weight — Rabbits › Growing out to butcher weight
• FT8 and APRS — Radio › Ham digital & data (advanced, FYI)
• Fuel
  • cooking with very little — Food when scarce › Cooking with little fuel
  • locking tanks and caps — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
  • saving fuel when cooking — Make-do household › Hay-box cooking (saves fuel)
  • when gasoline is gone, generators — Engines › Reusing a generator for water or wind power
• Fuel boiling in the hose
  • hot weather — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Fuel filter
  • 10-micron filter on bulk tanks — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • change after the first ethanol tank — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
  • draining water — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Fuel, filters, lights and fuses
• Fuel shortage
  • stations hold 2–3 days — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Fuel stabilizer
  • when to add it — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
• Fuel tanks
  • paint white, keep in shade — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • plastic tanks not suitable — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • separation distance drawing — Alberta Farm Fuel Storage, p. 21
  • separation distances — Home protection › Outbuildings, fuel and the well
• Fuel theft
  • checklist — Home protection › Outbuildings, fuel and the well
• Fuel-soaked clothing
  • can catch fire from static — 📖 FM 10-67-1, p. 23
• Full course
  • finish it every time — How antibiotics came to be › Why antibiotics stop working
• Fullers — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Funeral meals
  • cholera spreads — Sanitation › Caring for the dead
• Fur clothing
  • making — Clothing & leather › Clothes from furs, buckskin and felt
• Fur hat
  • pattern drawing — Army cap pattern, Farnham p. 247
  • with ear flaps — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Fur robe
  • sewn skins — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Fur stitch
  • drawing — The fur stitch, Farnham p. 200
  • overcast — Clothing & leather › Seams for fur and leather
• Furniture repair
  • chair legs, warped panels, drawers — Woodworking › Repairing doors, windows and furniture
• Furosemide
  • dose — Chronic illness › Heart trouble and heart failure
• Furrow irrigation — see Irrigation
• Furs
  • cutting from the skin side — Clothing & leather › Cutting fur and leather
  • dried stiff — Clothing & leather › If this goes wrong
  • drying when wet — Clothing & leather › Caring for furs and leather clothes
  • salt-alum tanning — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Furtaker's license — Illinois Valley › Trapping
• Fuse
  • 7.5 A in the main power line — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
  • pole cutout — Power grid › What protects it
• Fuses
  • DC-rated only — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
  • car fuses — don't — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
  • car vs. DC-rated photo — Fuses, Sandia p. 42
  • replacing, what a blown fuse tells you — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Fuel, filters, lights and fuses
  • spares — EMP › What to keep in it
• Fusible plug — Heat into power › The fusible plug

G

• G-scale (G1–G5)
  • storm levels — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
• Gabion
  • weirs — Dams, weirs & ditches › Diversion weirs
• Galerina
  • deadly little brown mushroom — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • on shiitake logs — Mushrooms › Growing your own
• Gallons
  • per cubic foot (7.48) — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Gallons per minute
  • normal household well — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Galvanized steel
  • never heat or weld — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Gambling
  • play for beans, not food or tools — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Game
  • sightings on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Game bags
  • don't wrap warm meat — Hunting & fishing › Cooling meat in our heat
• Game birds
  • old or young? check the joints — Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
• Game laws
  • why they exist — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Game meat
  • safe cooking temperature — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
  • trim the fat, add fat back — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts · Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
• Gander
  • how many geese per gander — Geese › Mating and pairs
• Garage
  • locking the door into the house — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Garbage
  • bears dig up buried garbage — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
  • cook it before pigs get it — Pigs › Garbage, skim milk and whey: cook it first
  • in hot weather, flies — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
  • no pickup — what to do with each kind — Sanitation › Garbage when no truck comes
• Garbage pit
  • size, depth, distance from wells — Sanitation › A household garbage pit or trench
  • wet winter, trench instead — Sanitation › A household garbage pit or trench
• Garden
  • gallons for 1 inch of water — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Garden hose — Salvage & repurposing › Gutters, PVC pipe and garden hose
• Garden pests
  • ducks after harvest, not in seedlings — Ducks › Why ducks suit our wet winters: slugs, snails and the garden
• Garden produce
  • wash, peel, strip outer leaves — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
• Gardens
  • long-term crop choices — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
• Garlic — Seed bank › Filling the calorie gap
  • cholesterol, pinworms — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Gas cans — see Jerry cans
• Gas leak
  • after an earthquake — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
  • no flames in a damaged house — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
  • propane smell — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
• Gas lines
  • odd-even rationing — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Gas stations
  • can't pump without power — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
  • getting fuel without power — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Gasifier — see Wood gas
• Gasket
  • canner, replacing — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
• Gasoline
  • cleaning parts — don't — Bicycles & carts › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • ethanol-free — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • how long it keeps — Illinois Valley › Homestead skills: soap, fuel, heat, sanitation, crafts · Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • never in a kerosene heater — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • never in a lamp or stove — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
  • never in an open lamp — Candles & lamps › Never gasoline or mixed fuels in an open lamp
  • where Oregon's comes from — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Gasoline in diesel
  • can't be fixed — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
• Gasping baby — Childbirth & kids › A baby who isn't breathing
• Gates
  • and road blocks on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • set 50 ft back from the road — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
  • strong, chained, padlocked — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Gathering site — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Gauge glass — Heat into power › Water level: the gauge glass and the try-cocks
• Gauge stick — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Gears
  • won't shift — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Gee and haw — see Oxen
• Geese
  • as an alarm — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
  • as an alarm, what they can't do — Geese › Geese as alarm "guards": what they can and can't do
  • as watchdogs (source) — Home protection › Gravel and noisy birds: sources for two old tricks
  • breeds, weights and eggs a year — Geese › Choosing breeds
  • diseases and first aid — Geese › Health with no vet
  • feeding without a feed store — Geese › Feeding with no feed store
  • how many for a family — Geese › How many geese for a family
  • killing and plucking — Geese › Butchering and plucking
  • living on grass, geese per acre — Geese › Geese as grazers and weeders
  • pairs and trios, mating for years — Geese › Mating and pairs
  • photos of the breeds — Toulouse goose, FB 767 p. 6
  • telling gander from goose — Geese › Mating and pairs
  • troubleshooting — Geese › If this goes wrong
  • winter feed for breeders — Geese › Feeding with no feed store
  • year calendar for the valley — Geese › The goose year in the Illinois Valley
• Geiger counter
  • CD V-700 — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Gelled diesel — Fuel › Diesel care
• General alarm
  • rapid bell, horn or whistle — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• Generator
  • carbon monoxide and backfeeding — Illinois Valley › Off-grid power and creek hydro
  • connecting to a house — Power grid › How a household fits in
  • from a treadmill motor — Salvage & repurposing › Treadmills
  • matching speed with belts — Engines › Matching it to a water wheel or wind rotor
  • noise gives you away — Home protection › Don't be a target
  • outdoors only, fuel runs short — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
  • reusing one for water or wind — Engines › Reusing a generator for water or wind power
  • size for a well pump — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
  • start before the pump — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
  • taking it apart safely — Engines › Taking it apart safely
  • testing a salvaged one — Engines › Testing what you salvaged
  • what's inside: rotor, stator, exciter, AVR — Engines › What's inside: two kinds of portable generator
• Generator head
  • single bearing, needs a new shaft end — Engines › What's inside: two kinds of portable generator
  • which parts to save — Engines › Which parts are worth saving
• Generators
  • after an EMP — EMP › After an event: check and repair
  • carbon monoxide — Engines › Generators
  • carbon monoxide, 20 ft from windows — Floods, storms & heat › Carbon monoxide: the quiet killer
  • charging batteries — Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed
  • grounding — Engines › Generators
  • keep disconnected, transfer switch — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
  • load and sizing — Engines › Generators
  • maintenance and exercising — Engines › Generators
  • never backfeed — Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed
  • no output — Engines › Generators
  • outdoors only (carbon monoxide) — Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed
  • powering a gas station — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
  • starting big motors — Engines › Generators
  • where to put it — Engines › Generators
  • won't build up voltage — Engines › Motors as generators
• Geology
  • rock types on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Geomagnetic storm — see Solar storm
• Germination test
  • rag doll method — Seed bank › Germination test ("rag doll")
• Germs
  • how they spread from feces — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Germs in water
  • which methods kill them — Water purification › Which method does what
• Gestation
  • cattle, 283 days — Cattle › Breeding without AI
  • goats, 146–152 days — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
  • pigs, 114 days — Pigs › Breeding, farrowing and piglets
  • rabbits, about 31 days — Rabbits › Breeding schedule and records
  • sheep, about 148 days — Sheep › Breeding season and the ram
• Getting bees
  • with no packages to buy — Bees › Getting bees: swarms, bait hives, bee trees and splits
• Getting rid of medicines — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Ghee
  • keeps a year without a fridge — Milk, butter & cheese › Ghee and clarified butter for storage
• Giardia
  • which methods remove it — Water purification › Which method does what
• Gill net
  • setting and checking — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
  • setting drawing — Setting a gill net, FM 3-05.70 p. 145
• Gills
  • gills, pores, teeth or ridges — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Ginger
  • nausea, travel sickness — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Glass block
  • where to use it — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
• Glasses
  • spares, reading glasses — Chronic illness › Glasses, hearing aids and dentures
• Glazing putty — Shelter › Reglazing and saving windows
• Glibenclamide
  • dose, low-sugar danger — Chronic illness › Type 2: food and work are medicine
• Glover's needle
  • three-sided — Clothing & leather › Tools and thread
• Glow plugs
  • waiting for the light — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Diesel trucks and tractors
• Glue
  • pine pitch, flour paste, casein — Make-do household › Glue, patching and waterproofing
  • with no store — Woodworking › Glue without a store
• GMRS
  • IVARC net 462.600 — Illinois Valley › Ham radio, GMRS, FRS / MURS (club websites, Nov 2026 — verify)
• GMRS (General Mobile Radio Service)
  • power, repeaters — Radio › GMRS (General Mobile Radio Service) — cheap license, no test
• GMRS license
  • 18, ten years, the whole family — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
  • about $35, whole family, 10 years — Radio › GMRS (General Mobile Radio Service) — cheap license, no test
• GMRS repeater
  • input is 5 MHz above the output — Using a radio › 4. Working through a repeater
• Go Now
  • evacuation level 3 — Illinois Valley › Evacuation levels (Josephine County)
• Go-bag
  • radio extras — Radio › 13. A sensible emergency radio kit (shopping / checklist)
• Go-between
  • settling injuries by payment — First peoples' skills › Community ways that worked
• Go-kit
  • what to pack — Illinois Valley › Go-kit (Oregon OEM checklist)
• Goat hides
  • salting and storing — Goats › Using everything: hides, manure and more
• Goat mineral
  • never let sheep eat it (copper) — Goats › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt
• Goat stew
  • with dumplings — Goats › Cooking it
• Goatheads — Bicycles & carts › Illinois Valley hazards
• Goats
  • dairy breeds — Goats › Choosing goats: milk, meat or brush
  • feeding: hay, grain, browse — Goats › Feeding with no feed store: browse, pasture and hay
  • found dead after a feed change (enterotoxemia) — Goats › Goat health with no vet
  • how many for a family — Goats › How many goats feed a family
  • how much milk to expect — Goats › Milking the goat: daily routine and yield
  • kidding — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
  • meat breeds (Boer, Kiko, Spanish) — Goats › Choosing goats: milk, meat or brush
• Going home
  • after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Going back in
• Goiter — see Goitre
  • iodized salt — Chronic illness › Thyroid
• Goitre
  • iodine lack — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Gold
  • old mines on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Golf-cart batteries
  • 24 V bank — Off-grid power › A worked example
• Goose eggs
  • hatching under a hen, sprinkling — Geese › Eggs and hatching: under geese or hens
  • laying season, eggs a year — Geese › Eggs and hatching: under geese or hens
• Goose fat
  • fattening, rendering, uses — Geese › Goose fat
• Goose grease — see Goose fat
• Goose house
  • night shelter, nests, fences — Geese › Housing, fences and water
• Goose nests
  • size, one per three geese — Geese › Housing, fences and water
• Gophers
  • eating stored roots — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
  • in the garden — Seed bank › Growing it here
• Goslings
  • chilled in the rain — Geese › Raising goslings
  • home-made starter feed — Geese › Feeding with no feed store
  • keeping dry, brood coop, grazing — Geese › Raising goslings
• GPIO pins
  • Raspberry Pi power and fan — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
• GPS
  • position on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • unreliable during storms — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
• Grade (percent slope) — see Slope
• Grade (slope)
  • push needed per percent — Bicycles & carts › Hills and grades
• Grafting
  • when and how — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
  • whip-and-tongue drawing — Whip-and-tongue graft, Mississippi State p. 3
• Grain
  • bushels in a bin — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • calories per pound (about 1,500) — Food when scarce › How much food people need
  • drying to 12–13% moisture — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • growing wheat, oats, barley — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • is it dry? bite test — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • killing bugs (freeze or heat) — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • storing against pests — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
  • warm or musty smell — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • working horses, by weight — Horses › Feeding and water
• Grain grinder
  • worth storing — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
• Grain mill — see Grain grinder
  • drawing — Hand grain mill and metate, FAO p. 17
  • hand mill or quern — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
• Grains — Seed bank › Filling the calorie gap
• Granny knot
  • why it slips — Knots & rope › Square knot: bundles, not loads
• Grants Pass
  • 29 miles on foot — Illinois Valley › Walking out
  • how long to get there — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Granulated honey
  • liquefying safely — Bees › Harvesting honey: crush, strain, store
• Grapes
  • hardwood cuttings — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Grass tetany
  • sheep on lush grass — Sheep › Sheep health with no vet
• Grasshoppers
  • gathered from a burnt field — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Gravel
  • for concrete, largest size — Mortar, concrete & roads › Sand, gravel and water for concrete
• Gravel or sawdust pile
  • volume of a cone — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Gravel road
  • cross-section drawing — FHWA Gravel Roads, p. 12
  • crown, shoulder, ditch — Mortar, concrete & roads › Crown, shoulder and ditch
• Gravel roughing filter — Water purification › The bucket "layer filter" — gravel, sand, charcoal
• Gravel strip
  • 5 ft around the house — Home protection › Gravel and noisy birds: sources for two old tricks
• Graves — see Burial
• Gravity battery
  • building a small one — Storing energy › Gravity batteries from sand, rocks or weights
  • how little it holds — Storing energy › Gravity batteries from sand, rocks or weights
  • myths — Storing energy › Myths and dangers
• Gravity water
  • from an uphill spring — Wells & pumps › Springs
• Gravity water supply — Town water & sewer › Let gravity do the work
• Gravy
  • flour, fat and water — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
  • from the pan — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
• Grease trap
  • barrel — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
• Great horned owl
  • takes ducks at night — Ducks › Predators: lock them in every night
• Great Pyrenees
  • as a guardian dog — Dogs › Guardian dogs: breeds and choosing a pup
  • guardian dog — photos
• Green beans
  • canning time — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
• Green flag or cloth
  • all clear — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• Green manure — see Cover crops
• Green wood — see Wet wood
  • working it, shrinkage — Woodworking › Green wood, drying and warping
• Greens
  • beet, turnip and radish — Seed bank › Using the harvest
  • boiled an hour, with vinegar — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots
  • feeding rabbits safely; heated piles dangerous — Rabbits › Greens and forage: what's safe
• Greens and egg bake
  • bread, eggs, milk and greens — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
• Greywater
  • Oregon's rules — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
  • in clay soil — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
• Grid down for months — EMP › After an event: check and repair
  • solar storm or EMP — What to expect › 9. Solar storm or EMP
• Grid reference — see UTM grid
• Grid-tie solar
  • dead when the grid is down — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
• Griddle cakes — see Flapjacks
• Grief
  • what not to say — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid
• Grilles — see Window bars
• Grinder
  • blue edge ruins temper — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Grinding grain
  • just before eating — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• Grinding wheel
  • ring test before mounting — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • safety at the wheel — 📖 Navy Steelworker, p. 22
• Grindstone
  • angle, water, glazing — Woodworking › Sharpening chisels and plane irons
• Grit
  • for confined birds — Chickens › Calcium, grit and salt
• Grits — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Gritty dust after an attack
  • assume it's fallout — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• Grocery stores empty
  • why, and what happens next — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Grooming
  • dogs: brushing, nails, ears, baths — Dogs › Water, shelter and grooming
• Ground rod
  • depth by soil type — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
  • for a generator — Engines › Generators
• Ground rods
  • 8 ft, #6 copper — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
• Ground squirrel
  • runs for a burrow; plague fleas — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
• Ground symbols — see Ground-to-air symbols
• Ground temperature
  • Illinois Valley (about 54 °F) — Root cellars › The Illinois Valley problem: warm ground
  • map and chart — Ground-temperature map, MSU p. 3
• Ground wire
  • not needed on a storage container — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Ground-to-air symbols
  • V, X, N, Y, arrow — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one · Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
  • drawing — Ground-to-air code, FM 3-05.70 p. 329
• Grounding — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff) — see Bonding and grounding
  • one point only — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
  • the grid and the house — Power grid › What protects it
• Groundwater
  • what the ground here gives — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Grouse
  • ruffed and sooty — where to find — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
  • spare the hens — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Growing mushrooms — Mushrooms › Growing your own
• Growing season
  • about 161 days — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food
• Growler
  • finding shorted coils — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Growth
  • weighing and growth charts — Childbirth & kids › Growth, malnutrition and toddler food
• Gruel
  • thin, for the sick — Food from scratch › Flour and fat and nothing else
• Guard dogs — see Livestock guardian dogs
• Guard rail
  • stops sows crushing piglets — Pigs › Getting ready to farrow
• Guardian dog
  • stays with the flock — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Guardian dogs
  • how many for sheep — Sheep › Predators, guardian dogs and fire season
• Guilds — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
• Guinea fowl
  • as watchdogs — Home protection › Gravel and noisy birds: sources for two old tricks
• Gun safety
  • the four rules — Hunting & fishing › Safe shooting, shot placement and tracking
• Gun storage — see Firearms
• Gun-shy dogs — Dogs › Hunting dogs: bird dogs and Oregon law
• Gurgling or noisy breathing
  • clear the mouth — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Gut pile
  • how far to drag it — Hunting & fishing › Field dressing and the gutless method
• Gut piles — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
• Gutless method
  • illustrated steps — Gutless quartering, Kentucky p. 2
  • quartering without opening the body — Hunting & fishing › Field dressing and the gutless method
• Gutter
  • slope — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Gutters — Salvage & repurposing › Gutters, PVC pipe and garden hose
  • cleaning, downspouts — Shelter › Flashing, gutters and keeping water away
  • ember-proof leaf guards — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • keep clean — Wells & pumps › Cisterns and rainwater
• Gutting a chicken
  • and chilling — Chickens › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Gutting a deer — see Field dressing
• Guy lines
  • tightening — Knots & rope › Taut-line hitch: a line you can tighten
• Gyromitra — see False morels

H

• H2S test — see Bacteria test
• Hair conditioner
  • don't use after fallout — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Hair in plaster
  • goat or cattle hair — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Hair sheep
  • Katahdin; best for wet winters — Sheep › Choosing sheep: meat, wool, milk or hair
• Hairy vetch
  • nitrogen it gives — Building soil & permaculture › Cover crops and green manures
• Half hitch
  • two half hitches — Knots & rope › Two half hitches and the round turn
• Half-moons
  • for young trees — Building soil & permaculture › Planting pits and half-moons for trees
• Halloumi — Milk, butter & cheese › Feta and halloumi: cheese that keeps in brine
• Halving thickness — see Shielding
• Ham
  • country ham cure — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
  • curing in winter — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
  • mold, and when to throw it out — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
  • storing and hanging — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
• Ham bands
  • 2 m, 70 cm, 80 m, 40 m, 20 m — Radio › The main ham bands and what they do
• Ham license
  • Technician, 35 questions — Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
  • Technician, General, Extra — Radio › Licensing (USA) — easier than you think
• Ham license question pools — Radio › 15. Where to learn more offline (already in this kit)
• Ham mode
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 12. The law, privacy and safety
• Ham radio
  • local repeaters — Illinois Valley › Ham radio, GMRS, FRS / MURS (club websites, Nov 2026 — verify)
  • survived when unplugged and coax disconnected — EMP › What the tests actually found
  • why it matters in emergencies — Radio › 6. Ham (Amateur) Radio — the serious emergency option
• Hames
  • setting the point of draft — Horses › Harness and draft work
• Hammer
  • cracked face or handle — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • first blacksmith hammer — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Hammer handle — Woodworking › Tool handles
• Hand
  • exercises after an injury — Rehab & recovery › Elbow, wrist, hand and fingers
• Hand crank charger
  • what it can really do — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Hand drill
  • hearth, drill and tinder — First peoples' skills › Making, keeping and carrying fire
• Hand line
  • how fast a household can build it — Wildfire › How fast can you build line?
  • width and how to build it — Wildfire › Building a hand line
• Hand plane
  • jack, jointer, smoothing — Woodworking › The tool kit worth keeping
• Hand pollination — see Hand-pollinating
• Hand pumps
  • from underground tanks — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
  • which pump for which depth — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• Hand sanitizer
  • 60% alcohol — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene · Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
  • alcohol strength — Making medicines › Alcohol: the strength that works
• Hand saw
  • jointing, setting, filing — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • starting and crosscutting — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber
• Hand washing
  • how-to drawing — How to wash hands, WHO/WEDC p. 40
  • when to wash — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
• Hand-dug well
  • digging and lining by hand — 📖 Peace Corps Wells Construction
• Hand-pollinating
  • corn — Seed bank › Hand-pollinating and caging
  • squash and cucumbers — Seed bank › Hand-pollinating and caging
• Hand-washing station
  • jug and soap sock — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
• Handcart
  • good design — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
  • load and speed — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Handheld in a vehicle
  • signal blocked by the body — Using a radio › The antenna
• Handheld radio
  • in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The handheld radio (optional)
  • the cheap dual-band kind — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Handheld radios — see Walkie-talkies
  • no damage up to 50 kV/m — EMP › What the tests actually found
• Handkerchiefs
  • instead of tissues — Paper & ink › Handkerchiefs, towels and reusing paper
• Handrail
  • roads, rivers, ridges to follow — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Handwashing
  • how-to drawing — How to wash hands, WHO/WEDC p. 40
  • station within 16 ft of every toilet — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
  • when to wash — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
• Hanford
  • Columbia Generating Station, 350 miles — Nuclear fallout › Our area
• Hanging food — see Bear canister
• Hanging game
  • at least two days — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts · Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
• Hanging lamps
  • where and how — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
• Hantavirus
  • deer-mouse droppings — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • how people catch it; symptoms — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
• Hard work
  • easing new people in — Community & barter › Sharing the work
• Hardened room — see Safe room
• Hardening steel — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Hardiness zone
  • 8b — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food
• Hardtack
  • how to eat it — Food from scratch › Flour and fat and nothing else
  • keeps for years — Food from scratch › Staples
• Hardware cloth
  • around a buried barrel — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
  • not chicken wire, bury 12 inches — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
  • on vents and bins — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
• Hardware disease
  • wire in the stomach — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
• Hardy
  • cutting on the anvil — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Harness
  • care and repair kit — Horses › Harness and draft work
  • photos — photos
• Hatching
  • day 21; don't help them out — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
• Hatching eggs
  • choosing and storing — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
• Hats
  • knitted helmet, balaclava — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
• Hawks and owls
  • cover the run; protected — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Hawthorn
  • native vs. English — see Black hawthorn
• Hay
  • checking bales for weeds and mold — Horses › Local dangers
  • cutting, curing, storing; mold and fire — Rabbits › Making and storing hay
  • feed from inside the stack — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
  • how much a cow needs in a year — Cattle › Numbers for a family
  • how much a goat needs in a year — Goats › Feeding with no feed store: browse, pasture and hay
  • how much a sheep needs in a winter — Sheep › Feeding with no feed store: pasture, hay and water
  • how much per day and per winter — Horses › Feeding and water
  • making and stacking — Cattle › Pasture, hay and winter feed
  • why not to build with it — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
• Hay box — see Haybox
  • boil hard first, reheat before eating — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
  • timings for porridge, stock, pot roast — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Hay-box cooker
  • building one — Make-do household › Hay-box cooking (saves fuel)
  • cooking times — Make-do household › Hay-box cooking (saves fuel)
  • how long it holds heat — Storing energy › Hot stones and hay-boxes for cooking
• Haybox
  • fireless cooker — Food when scarce › Cooking with little fuel
  • parts drawing — Fireless cooker parts, Practical Action p. 2
• Hazard trees
  • after a fire — Wildfire › Burned trees
• Hazardous waste
  • storing it safely — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
• Hazel
  • shoots for baskets after a burn — First peoples' skills › Baskets
• Hazelnut cakes
  • with berries, meat or fat — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Hazelnuts
  • drying and storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • gather before the bears — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
  • gathering and eating — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
• Head (hydro)
  • psi × 2.31 — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
• Head (water) — see Water pressure
• Head and neck
  • keep covered — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Head heat loss
  • the 40–45% myth — Clothing & leather › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Head held sideways while eating
  • tooth trouble — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Head injury
  • danger signs — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
  • return to work — Rehab & recovery › Head injury and concussion
• Head pulls back like a turtle — see Stuck shoulders
• Headache
  • peppermint oil — Making medicines › Other pain helpers
  • strong, in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Headgate — Dams, weirs & ditches › Headgates and checks
• Headlights
  • signaling with them — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Heads missing
  • raccoon — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Healing times
  • bones, sprains, burns — Rehab & recovery › How healing goes, and when to start moving
• Hearing aids
  • batteries, ear wax — Chronic illness › Glasses, hearing aids and dentures
• Heart disease
  • blood pressure, angina, heart failure — Chronic illness › Blood pressure and heart disease
• Heart failure
  • salt, fluids, furosemide — Chronic illness › Heart trouble and heart failure
• Heart stopped — see CPR
• Heartbeat
  • newborn, how to count — Childbirth & kids › A baby who isn't breathing
• Heat
  • heat exhaustion and heat stroke — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
  • ruins stored food — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Heat (goats)
  • signs and timing — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Heat (sheep)
  • every 17 days, fall — Sheep › Breeding season and the ram
• Heat acclimatization — Floods, storms & heat › Water in the heat
• Heat colors
  • what each color is for — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Heat dome (2021)
  • who died and why — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
• Heat engines
  • how much work from a pound of wood — Heat into power › The honest numbers: what a pound of wood can do
• Heat exhaustion — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
• Heat in the shelter
  • water 4 quarts and salt 10 g a day — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Heat into electricity
  • which ways are worth building — Heat into power › The honest numbers: what a pound of wood can do
• Heat risk
  • elders, living alone — Floods, storms & heat › Who is at risk
• Heat storage
  • getting heat into the mass — Storing energy › Getting heat into stone or water
  • water vs stone — Storing energy › How much each way holds: the honest numbers
• Heat stress
  • animals — Floods, storms & heat › Animals in the heat
  • chickens: panting, smaller eggs — Chickens › Heat, smoke and fire season
  • pigs die of heat; shade and wallows — Pigs › Water, shade and heat: pigs die of heat
  • rabbits: fast breathing, wet mouth — Rabbits › Heat stress
• Heat stroke — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
  • cool them first — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
  • signs — may still sweat — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
  • warning signs — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
  • who is at risk — Floods, storms & heat › Who is at risk
• Heat value of wood — see Firewood
• Heat wave — Floods, storms & heat › Heat waves
  • what to expect — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
• Heat-set inserts
  • fitting them with a soldering iron — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 2. Fit the inserts
• Heating oil
  • in diesel engines — Fuel › Diesel care
• Heating one room — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• Heatley
  • Oxford, 1939 to 1941 — How antibiotics came to be › 1939–1941: Oxford, and the first patient
• Heavy duty batteries — see Zinc-carbon batteries
• Hedge trimmings
  • never feed them — Goats › Plants that poison goats here
• Hedgehog mushroom — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Hedges
  • thorny, fire-resistant, spacing, wick effect — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Helicopter — see Aircraft
• Heliograph
  • Morse by mirror between hilltops — Signals & Morse › Signal mirrors
• HELP card — see OK/HELP card
• Help signal — see Distress signals
• Helpers
  • burnout and self-care — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid
• Heltec LoRa 32
  • mesh radio board — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 2. What to buy
• Hemorrhage — see Bleeding
• Hemp
  • hurd for hempcrete — see Hempcrete
• Hemp dogbane
  • fiber; poisonous to livestock — Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
• Hempcrete
  • mix and placing — Natural building › Lighter systems: straw-clay, hempcrete, wattle, bags, blocks, cordwood
• Hens
  • which to keep, which to eat — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
• Hepatitis
  • no Tylenol — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Herbal tea
  • how to make — Making medicines › Teas, tinctures, salves and poultices
• Herbs — see Medicinal plants
• Herding dogs
  • training and commands — Dogs › Herding dogs: basic training
• Heritage turkeys
  • photos — photos
  • which varieties, sizes — Turkeys › Choosing turkeys that breed on their own
• Heron's formula
  • triangle area from three sides — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Hewing
  • flattening a log with axe and broadaxe — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber
• Hexamitiasis
  • turkey poults — Turkeys › Health with no vet
• HF
  • bounces off the ionosphere — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• HF is dead — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong
• HF radio
  • blackouts during storms — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
• Hickory
  • handles — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working · Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Hidden camp
  • masked camp, BLISS, cat holes — On foot › A quiet, hidden camp
• Hide and seek
  • Sardines, Hide the Thimble — Stories & games › Group and outdoor games
• Hide glue
  • making and using it — Woodworking › Glue without a store
• Hides
  • removing hair with lime — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
  • salting to keep — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
  • tanning without chemicals — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
  • unhairing drawing — Unhairing, USDA FB 1334 p. 11
• High blood pressure
  • measuring, salt, pills and doses — Chronic illness › High blood pressure
• High-altitude burst
  • no radiation on the ground — EMP › Two different threats
• Hiking
  • how long a route takes on foot (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Hill
  • on the map — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Hills
  • extra push on a slope — Bicycles & carts › Hills and grades
  • time allowance for climbing — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Hills and trees
  • where to stand for range — Radio › 5. FRS / GMRS / MURS — the walkie-talkie families
• Himalayan blackberry
  • invasive fire hazard — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Hinge — see Felling
• Hinges
  • drawing — Hinges, FM 5-426 p. 139
  • inside, 3 on exterior doors — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Hinny
  • what it is — Horses › Choosing an animal
• Hip
  • broken hip in older people — Rehab & recovery › Hip
• Hip roof
  • instead of earth gables — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Hip-belt cart — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
• Hiss — see Squelch
• Hissing firewood — see Is my firewood dry?
• Histomoniasis — see Blackhead
• History of medicine
  • the four discoveries and what each took — How antibiotics came to be › The stories: who, when, and how long
• Hitch
  • for a bicycle trailer — Bicycles & carts › Bicycle trailers: welded steel or no-weld pallets
• Hives
  • after a medicine — Medicines › If this goes wrong
• Hives for a family
  • how much honey, how many colonies — Bees › How many hives for a family's sweetener
• Hoarding — see Panic buying
• Hoe
  • forging one — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Hog pasture
  • clover, alfalfa, rape, vetch, ryegrass — Pigs › Pasture and crops for hogs in the Pacific Northwest
• Hog slaughter
  • where to aim (drawing) — Aim point on a pig, UF VM114 p. 9
  • where to shoot, sticking — Pigs › Killing and sticking
• Hogging down
  • barley, wheat, peas, corn — Pigs › Hogging down grain, peas and corn
• Hogs — see Pigs
• Home hardening — see Wildfire
  • with no store — Wildfire › Hardening the house with what you have
• Home ignition zone — Wildfire › The zones around the house
• Home invasion
  • what to do — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
• Home remedies
  • rated: what works and what doesn't — Making medicines › Everything in this guide, rated
  • signs they don't work — Medicines › Medicinal plants — go carefully
• Home screen icon
  • adding the library — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
• Home security
  • the four layers — Home protection › Layers: deter, detect, delay, respond
• Home-made books
  • cloth books, card covers — Stories & games › Making your own books, plays and newspapers
• Home-made medicines
  • why they poison far more often than they cure — How antibiotics came to be › What it would actually take again
• Homemade infant formula
  • last resort only — Food when scarce › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Homeschooling — see Learning at home, Teaching reading
• Homestead as a fort
  • old advice — don't — Home protection › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Hominy
  • cooking times (hay box, double boiler, fire) — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
  • making it — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Hominy and bean cakes — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Honey
  • ferments if too wet; storing — Bees › Harvesting honey: crush, strain, store
  • harvesting without an extractor — Bees › Harvesting honey: crush, strain, store
  • in place of sugar — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • not for babies under 12 months — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
  • on burns — Injuries › Burns
  • on wounds and burns — Making medicines › Honey and sugar dressings
  • straining and storing — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Honey locust
  • pods for livestock — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
• Hoof rot
  • smelly, contagious; zinc sulfate bath — Goats › Hooves and hoof rot
• Hooves
  • parts and trimming drawing — Hoof trimming, MSU M2487 p. 1
  • parts of the hoof — Parts of the hoof, NMSU B-707 p. 2
  • picking out daily — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
  • trimming goats — Goats › Hooves and hoof rot
  • trimming schedule — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
  • trimming sheep — Sheep › Hooves and foot rot
• Hops
  • how many radios a message passes through — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 1. What it is, and what it is not
  • sleep — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Horn or bugle
  • Morse by sound — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Horns — see Disbudding
• Horse colic — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
• Horses
  • checking soundness before you buy — Horses › Choosing an animal
  • choosing a first horse — Horses › Choosing an animal
  • points of the horse — Points of the horse, USDA FB 779 p. 5
  • tying and picket lines — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Horseshoes
  • making and fitting — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
  • photos — photos
• Hoses
  • radiator, soft or cracked — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cooling: radiator, hoses and belts
• Hospital
  • getting to Grants Pass — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
  • nearest ERs — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
• Hospitals
  • 18 months after Cascadia — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Hot chisel — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Hot compresses
  • infected wounds and boils — Making medicines › Water, soap and salt water
• Hot water
  • relief valves and scalds — Storing energy › Hot water: where spare electricity should go
  • storing spare electricity — Storing energy › Hot water: where spare electricity should go
• Hot weather
  • keeping game meat from spoiling — Hunting & fishing › Cooling meat in our heat
• Hot-air engine — see Stirling engine
  • pumping water — Heat into power › Best uses: pumping water and slow work
• Hotspot
  • Android phone, no data needed — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
  • Raspberry Pi makes its own Wi-Fi — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
• Hounds
  • legal only on raccoon, bobcat, fox — Dogs › Hunting dogs: bird dogs and Oregon law
• Hours of work
  • as currency — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• House number
  • finding it on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• House shape
  • square, circle, no L-shapes — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• House water valve
  • shutting it — Town water & sewer › Backflow and boil-water notices
• House without a basement
  • what to do — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Household plan
  • who goes where, code words — Home protection › A safe room and a household plan
• Household signal card
  • fill in your own — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• How far you can see
  • 10 ft up about 4 miles — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• How long to stay in the shelter
  • 12–24 hours to two weeks — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• How long will it last
  • the rationing tool — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• How much to plant
  • family of four — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• How radio works — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• Hub bearings
  • cleaning and adjusting — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
• Huckleberries — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • dried cakes of evergreen huckleberry — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
• Hugelkultur
  • building one — Building soil & permaculture › Building one
  • fire safety — Building soil & permaculture › Fire safety in a dry summer
  • what it can and can't do — Building soil & permaculture › Hugelkultur beds
  • which wood — Building soil & permaculture › Which wood
• Hulled corn
  • boiled 4 hours with meat — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Hulless oats and barley — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
• Human waste
  • emptying and burying — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
• Humanure
  • how long to store it — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
  • which crops it can go on — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
• Humidity
  • fire danger thresholds — Wildfire › Reading fire danger with no forecast
  • for each crop — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Humidity gauge
  • in the cellar — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
• Hung-up tree — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Hungry season — see Seasonal calendar
• Hunter's lamp
  • slut lamp, grease-jet — Candles & lamps › Hunter's lamp and soft-fat lamps
• Hunting
  • units 27 and 28 — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
  • units, deer and elk country on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Hunting dogs
  • Oregon law; bird dogs — Dogs › Hunting dogs: bird dogs and Oregon law
• Hunting seasons
  • 2026 orientation — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
• Hunting units
  • US-199 is the line — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
• Hurricane Katrina
  • looting and its causes — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Hutches
  • building plans — Hutch plans, USDA FB 1730 p. 38
  • size, floors, no cedar shavings — Rabbits › Hutch sizes
• Hybrid car
  • high-voltage pack — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
• Hydatid tapeworm
  • dogs and sheep — Sheep › Worms with few or no dewormers
  • raw offal fed to dogs — Dogs › Salmon poisoning and other foods that kill dogs
• Hydram — see Ram pump
• Hydraulic fluid
  • dirt, water, overheating — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Clean fluid, the right fluid
  • which to use, in a pinch — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Clean fluid, the right fluid
• Hydraulic hoses
  • leaks, fitting, couplings — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Leaks, hoses and fittings
• Hydraulic jack
  • how it multiplies force — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › How it works
• Hydraulic lime
  • making it from lime and clay — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
  • what it is, testing under water — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
• Hydraulic ram — see Ram pump
• Hydraulics
  • air in the system — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Air in the system
  • drawing of a basic system — Navy Equipment Operator, p. 100
  • how it works — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › How it works
  • injection injury — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Hydraulic dangers: injected oil and falling loads
  • troubleshooting tables — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Air in the system
• Hydro power
  • creek, Oregon water rights — Engines › Motors as generators
  • how many watts — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • intake screen for fish — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • late-summer low flow — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • measuring the flow — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • measuring the head — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • pipe size and head loss — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • water rights, closed creeks — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
• Hydrogen
  • from charging batteries — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
  • from charging, venting — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Hydrogen gas
  • from charging — Batteries › Dangers
• Hydrogen sulfide
  • sewer gas — Town water & sewer › Manholes, wet wells, vaults and tanks: never go in
• Hydrometer
  • a quicker test on a flooded battery — Batteries › Testing with no tester
  • how to read one — Hydrometer, NEETS 1 p. 95
  • readings (1.280 full) — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
• Hydrostatic test — Heat into power › Testing with water, never with steam or air
• Hygrometer — see Humidity gauge
• Hypoglycemia — see Low blood sugar
• Hypothermia
  • layers and wet clothes on the trail — On foot › Clothing, cold and heat
  • mild, shivering — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
  • no dry clothes — plastic wrap — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
  • severe, not shivering — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
  • signs — Floods, storms & heat › Cold injuries
  • wrap drawing — Improvised hypothermia wrap, JTS p. 7

I

• IBC tote — Salvage & repurposing › 55-gallon drums and IBC totes
• Ice
  • how much cold it stores — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
  • making it in cans — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
  • never on a burn — Injuries › Burns
  • packing, drainage, how long it lasts — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
• Ice and heat
  • after an injury — Rehab & recovery › Swelling: raise it, cool it, wrap it, then warm it
• Ice house — Root cellars › Cooling without power
  • size for a family — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
• Ice maker
  • solar or fire-driven — Heat into power › Solar and fire-driven ice makers
• Ice storm — Floods, storms & heat › Winter storms and ice storms
  • ice on lines and trees — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
• Iceless refrigerator — see Evaporative cooler
• ICS 205
  • the blank form — ICS Forms Booklet, p. 21
  • the standard radio plan form — Using a radio › 7. A printed channel card
• ICS 213
  • general message form — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• ICS 214
  • activity log — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Icy Ball
  • don't build one — Heat into power › Solar and fire-driven ice makers
• Icy Ball refrigerator
  • don't build one — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
• Identifying mushrooms — see Mushrooms
  • from a photo, with the identifier — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Ignition module
  • spare for older vehicles — EMP › What to keep in it
• Illinois Valley weather
  • through the year — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Immersion foot — see Trench foot
• Impaled object — see Stuck object in a wound
• Imperial gallon
  • vs. US gallon — Practical math › Quick-reference tables (print these)
• Implements
  • lower before leaving the seat — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractors: daily checks, the hitch and the PTO
• Inbreeding
  • chickens — Chickens › Keeping the flock going for years
  • rabbits: avoiding it — Rabbits › Keeping the line going for years
• Incense cedar
  • kindling — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• Incense-cedar
  • durable heartwood — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
  • photos — photos
  • posts, shakes, outdoor work — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Incubation
  • goose eggs, 28–31 days — Geese › Eggs and hatching: under geese or hens
  • turkey eggs, 28 days — Turkeys › Eggs, broody hens and hatching
• Incubator
  • temperature, humidity, turning — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
  • without electricity (rice-husk method) — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
• India ink
  • homemade from soot — Paper & ink › Soot ink and other inks
• India Mark II pump — see Deep-well hand pump
• Indian hemp — see Dogbane
• Indian pudding
  • cornmeal and molasses — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
• Indian Runner duck
  • upright egg layer, nonsitter — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
• Indore method
  • compost pit and heap — Building soil & permaculture › Compost from a bucket to a farm
• Induced voltage
  • on a dead line — Power grid › A dead line can come back to life
• Induction motor
  • as a generator, capacitors — Engines › Motors as generators
  • salvaged, as a grinder drive — Salvage & repurposing › Washing machines and dryers
• Infant formula
  • how much to store — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
• Infected wounds
  • honey, sugar, Dakin's, hot compresses — Making medicines › Wound care that prevents infection
• Infection
  • in a wound — pen line around the redness — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
  • photos — Cellulitis photos
  • redness past the pen line — Injuries › If this goes wrong
• Infiltration gallery — Town water & sewer › Where a town's water comes from
• Injection injury
  • oil or fuel under the skin — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Hydraulic dangers: injected oil and falling loads
• Injection lines
  • high-pressure danger — 📖 Practical Action Diesel Engine Repair, p. 13
• Injections
  • never inject anything home-made — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
  • never inject anything made outside a factory — How antibiotics came to be › What it would actually take again
• Injector
  • cleaning a diesel nozzle — Engines › Diesel engines
• Injured person
  • moving by bicycle — Bicycles & carts › Bicycle trailers: welded steel or no-weld pallets
• Injuries
  • rehab joint by joint — Rehab & recovery › Common injuries
• Ink
  • iron-gall, recipes — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
  • mold, freezing, thickening — Paper & ink › Keeping ink, and bringing back faded writing
  • soot (carbon) ink — Paper & ink › Soot ink and other inks
• Ink powder
  • to store — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
• Inky cap
  • sick with alcohol — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Inner bark
  • cordage — Knots & rope › Making cordage from plants and hide
• Inner tube
  • patching — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Inner tubes
  • straps, bands, gaskets — Salvage & repurposing › Tires and inner tubes
• Inserts, brass
  • M2.5 and M3 in the ARK Vault's printed parts — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 2. Fit the inserts
• Insulation
  • straw between plastic — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• Insulation test — see Megger
• Insulators
  • plastic spoons, bottle necks — Radio › Build a wire antenna (half-wave dipole)
• Insulin
  • Banting, Best, Collip and Macleod, 1921 to 1923 — How antibiotics came to be › 1921–1923: insulin, the fastest of them all
  • storing without a fridge, doses, adjusting — Chronic illness › Type 1: insulin without a fridge
  • when it runs out — Chronic illness › High sugar and ketoacidosis
  • without a fridge — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Intake
  • river, screens — Town water & sewer › Where a town's water comes from
  • taking water from a creek — Dams, weirs & ditches › Taking part of a creek
• Interconnections
  • Eastern, Western, Texas — Power grid › AC, 60 cycles and staying in step
• Interference — see Buzz or hum
  • buzz and hum near power lines — Using a radio › 11. If this goes wrong
• International Code of Signals — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Intruder
  • in the house — see Home invasion
• Inversion
  • smoke trapped in the valley — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Inverter
  • idling draw, switch it off — Off-grid power › Start with a load list
  • keep a spare — EMP › What to keep in it
  • photos — photos
  • pure sine wave — Off-grid power › Charge controllers and inverters
  • running from a car — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › A vehicle as a power source
  • spare in a Faraday can — Off-grid power › Charge controllers and inverters
• Inverter generator
  • how it's built — Engines › What's inside: two kinds of portable generator
  • reusing the magnet alternator — Engines › Which parts are worth saving
• Invisible ink
  • milk — Paper & ink › Soot ink and other inks
• Iodine
  • daily need, iodized salt — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
  • drops per quart — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • not for months or in pregnancy — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • on skin and wounds — Making medicines › Iodine and maggots
• Iodine pills — see Potassium iodide (KI)
• Iodine tincture
  • not a substitute, poisonous — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
• Iodized salt — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
  • not a substitute for KI — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
• Ionosphere — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• iPad — see iPhone
• iPhone
  • loading it for use on its own — Start on any device › iPhone and iPad
  • using a shared library — Start on any device › iPhone and iPad
• Iris
  • two-ply cord from the leaf edges — First peoples' skills › Fibers, cordage and nets
• Iron pills
  • poisoning — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
• Iron water
  • rusty nails in vinegar — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
• Iron-gall ink
  • balance of tannin and iron — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
• Irregular plot
  • area by triangles — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Irrigation
  • furrows and borders — Dams, weirs & ditches › Furrow and flood irrigation
• Is my firewood dry?
  • cracks, color, knock, hiss — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Islanding — Power grid › Why one fault can black out a region
• Isolated valley — see Cut off from the outside
• Isolating the sick
  • at home — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Isolation distance
  • how far apart — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Itching worse at night — see Scabies
• Itchy bottom at night
  • pinworm — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Ithaca Hours — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade

J

• J-pole antenna
  • from TV twin-lead — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
• Jack-o'-lantern mushroom — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Jacking a vehicle
  • blocks and stands — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tires, flats and jacking
• Jacob's ladder
  • Osage Diamonds string figure — Stories & games › String figures: cat's cradle and more
• Jam
  • don't cut the sugar — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
  • without bought pectin — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
• Jar lamp — see Oil lamps
• Jar test for fuel — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
• Jars
  • Mason jars, reuse and chips — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
  • sterilizing (11 minutes here) — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
• Jaundice
  • yellow baby — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Jaw thrust
  • when the neck may be hurt — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Jelly
  • testing for the jelly point — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
• Jerky
  • how long it keeps — Food from scratch › Jerky
  • how to tell it's dry — Preserving food › Jerky and pemmican
  • making it safely (160 °F) — Preserving food › Jerky and pemmican
  • must reach 160 °F — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • safe temperatures (160 °F) — Food from scratch › Jerky
  • when it's done — Food from scratch › Jerky
• Jerry cans
  • photos — photos
  • storing, tub for drips — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
• Jerrycan — photos
• Jersey cattle
  • photos — photos
  • richest milk, family cow — Cattle › Breeds: dairy, beef and dual-purpose
• Jerusalem artichokes
  • pigs dig them — Pigs › Winter feed: kale, roots, squash and artichokes
• Jet fuel
  • as a diesel substitute — Fuel › Diesel care
• Jets (carburetor)
  • don't poke with wire — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Jimsonweed
  • poisonous — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
• Joining two ropes — Knots & rope › Sheet bend: joining two ropes
• Jointing a saw — Woodworking › Sharpening hand saws
• Joints
  • which to use — Woodworking › Joints
• Josephine County hazard plan
  • how the county rates each hazard — What to expect › How to use this guide
  • ratings table — 📖 County hazard plan, p. 28
• Jump-starting
  • order of the clamps, never 24 V to 12 V — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › The 12-volt battery and charging

K

• Kabobs
  • on a stick over embers — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
• Kale
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Biennials: seed in the second year
  • winter pig feed — Pigs › Winter feed: kale, roots, squash and artichokes
• Kalmiopsis Wilderness — Illinois Valley › Maps
• Kangaroo care
  • how to — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
  • position drawing — Kangaroo position, IYCF p. 84
• KAP — see Kearny Air Pump (KAP)
• Karuk
  • burning in their own words — First peoples' skills › Tending the land with fire
• Katahdin
  • photos — photos
• Kearny Air Pump (KAP) — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
  • drawing — KAP in a doorway, NWSS 1979 p. 182
• Kearny fallout meter — see KFM (Kearny fallout meter)
• Keeping books
  • which ones to protect, and how — How antibiotics came to be › Keeping the knowledge
• Kefir
  • no warm box needed — Milk, butter & cheese › Cultured milk, yogurt and kefir
• Kennel
  • building one; bedding — Dogs › Water, shelter and grooming
• Kernels mushy
  • overcooked masa — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Kerosene
  • 1-K grade, blue cans — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • as a worm remedy: never — Making medicines › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • how long it keeps — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • poisoning in children — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
  • testing doubtful oil — Candles & lamps › Never gasoline or mixed fuels in an open lamp
• Kerosene heater
  • how much window to open — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
  • ventilation — Floods, storms & heat › One warm room
• Kerosene heaters
  • flare-up — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • photos — photos
  • safe use — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
• Kerosene lamps
  • chimneys — Candles & lamps › Kerosene lamps while the kerosene lasts
  • daily care, trimming, filling — Candles & lamps › Kerosene lamps while the kerosene lasts
• Kerosene refrigerator — see Absorption refrigerator
• Ketoacidosis (DKA)
  • signs — Chronic illness › High sugar and ketoacidosis
• Ketosis
  • after kidding — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Keyline — Building soil & permaculture › Keyline
• Keypad lock
  • press and hold — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• KFM (Kearny fallout meter)
  • build and use — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
  • photos of a finished one — KFM photos, ORNL-5040 p. 35
• KFM won't hold a charge
  • damp air, dry-bucket — Nuclear fallout › Measuring radiation
• Khaki Campbell
  • egg ducks, 230–300+ eggs — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
  • photos — photos
• KI — see Potassium iodide (KI)
• KI dose
  • adults, teens, children, babies — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
• Kickback
  • chainsaw — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • pull starter kicks back — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Kid
  • meat at 2–3 months — Goats › Cooking it
• Kid stuck — see Kidding
• Kidding
  • stuck kid — birth positions — Birth positions, Langston p. 6
  • the first hour — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
  • when to help — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Kidney beans
  • boil hard before a hay box — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Kidney disease
  • dialysis, diet, medicines that build up — Chronic illness › Kidney disease
• Kidney failure
  • from mushrooms — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Killing a chicken
  • killing cone, hatchet, neck dislocation — Chickens › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Killing a rabbit
  • neck dislocation — Rabbits › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Kiln
  • firing clay water filters — Water purification › Clay pot (ceramic) filter
• Kindling
  • what to expect; doe pulling fur — Rabbits › Kindling
  • which wood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• King bolete — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Kinks
  • in rope — Knots & rope › Caring for rope
• Kitchen scraps
  • where they go — Sanitation › Garbage when no truck comes
• Kites
  • making and flying safely — Stories & games › Things to make
• Kits
  • cold on the wire or born outside the box — Rabbits › Kindling
• Kiwix
  • on iPhone — Start on any device › iPhone and iPad
  • opening .zim medical files — Medicines › What's here
• Knee
  • strength, stiff knee, kneecap — Rehab & recovery › Knee
• Knife
  • from an old file — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Knitting
  • joining yarn without a knot — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
  • socks, hats, mittens — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
• Knock at the door
  • don't open it — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
• Knocking through a wall — see Tap code
• Knots
  • how much they weaken rope — Knots & rope › Knots weaken rope
  • quick-release and bowline — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
  • splitting — Firewood › Splitting
  • step by step — Knots & rope › The knots, step by step
  • which knot for which job — Knots & rope › Which knot for which job
• Known sizes
  • dollar bill, 2×4, letter paper — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
• Koch method — Signals & Morse › Learning Morse by ear
• Kwashiorkor
  • swelling, peeling skin — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• KXCJ
  • Cave Junction community radio — Illinois Valley › AM / FM / TV for local news and emergency alerts

L

• Labor
  • signs it has started — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
  • things never to do — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
  • what helpers do — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
  • when to leave for the hospital — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Labor committee — Community & barter › Sharing the work
• Labor Day fires (2020)
  • what happened — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
• Labor pooling
  • haying, planting — Community & barter › Sharing the work
• Laboratory
  • what a real one needs before it can make a medicine — How antibiotics came to be › What it would actually take again
• Lacto-fermentation — see Fermenting vegetables
• Ladder
  • making one, round rungs — Woodworking › Things worth making
• Ladder fuels — Illinois Valley › Around the house (defensible space) · Firewood › Growing your own: thinning and coppicing · Wildfire › Clearing around the house with hand tools
• Ladders
  • on a roof — see Roof work
• Lake Selmac
  • fishing — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
  • its dam (McMullen Dam) — Dams, weirs & ditches › Living downstream of a dam
• Lamb
  • cuts of meat — Sheep › Slaughter and butchering
• Lamb creep
  • openings 8 by 18 inches — Sheep › Fences, shelter and pens
• Lamb stuck — see Lambing
• Lambing
  • when to help a ewe — Sheep › Lambing and helping a ewe
  • wrong positions — Sheep › Lambing and helping a ewe
• Lambing pen
  • hinged panel across a corner — Sheep › Fences, shelter and pens
• Lameness
  • checking before you buy — Horses › Choosing an animal
• Laminated glass
  • forced entry and fire — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
• Laminitis
  • after a bedding change (black walnut) — Horses › If this goes wrong
• Lamp fire
  • smother, don't throw — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
• Lamp oil
  • clarifying and storing — Candles & lamps › Lamp oils: what burns and what doesn't
  • pressing from seeds — Candles & lamps › Lamp oils: what burns and what doesn't
• Lamprey
  • drying; tribal permit only — First peoples' skills › Salmon, lamprey and other fish
  • leave it to the tribes — Hunting & fishing › Crawfish, mussels and lamprey
• Lamps
  • children and fire safety — Stories & games › Light for reading, and fire safety around children
• Land
  • measuring a field or lot — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Landfill
  • siting, covering, capping — Sanitation › A shared neighborhood dump
• Landmarks
  • for resection here — Navigation & weather › Finding yourself on the map (resection)
• Landslide
  • warning signs — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides · Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
  • warning signs (FEMA list) — 📖 FEMA Are You Ready, p. 108
• Landslides
  • old slides on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • roads cut — Illinois Valley › Earthquake (Cascadia) and tsunami
  • swales on wet slopes — Building soil & permaculture › Swales on contour
• Langstroth hive
  • building boxes from scrap, sizes — Bees › Building Langstroth boxes from scrap
  • plans — Langstroth hive plans, AH 335 p. 53
• Lanterns
  • from tin cans and jars — Candles & lamps › Can lanterns and candle holders
• Laptop — see Windows
• Laptop battery
  • why a pack dies — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
• Laptop or tablet
  • to read the library — EMP › What to keep in it
• Lard
  • how much per hog — Candles & lamps › Fat and wax: where it comes from and how much
  • rendering — Preserving food › Lard, confit, eggs and vinegar
  • rendering temperature — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • rendering, temperatures, yields — Pigs › Rendering lard and cracklings
  • rescuing slightly rancid — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Laser engraving
  • logo and bare-metal strips on an ammo can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The parts to print and etch
• Lashing
  • poles — Knots & rope › Lashing poles together
• Last antibiotics
  • how to use a supply that cannot be replaced — How antibiotics came to be › Why antibiotics stop working
• Last frost — see Frost dates
  • May 1, safe after May 23 — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food
• Latch guard
  • against pry bars — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • photo — Seattle Police Door Security, p. 1
• Late fallout
  • decays more slowly — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• Latitude and longitude
  • going to a position on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Latrine
  • trench drawing — Trench latrine, WHO/WEDC p. 53
  • trench latrine size — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
• Latrines
  • 65 ft rule — old advice — Sanitation › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • closing a full pit — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
  • distance from water: 100 ft — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
  • drawings of field latrines — Cat hole to pail latrine, FM 21-10 pp. 131–135
  • how fast a pit fills — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
  • pit fills with water in winter — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
• Laundry
  • a sick person's clothes — Sanitation › Dishes, laundry and periods
  • killing lice and scabies — Sanitation › Dishes, laundry and periods
  • washing clothes by hand — Make-do household › Laundry
• Laundry soap
  • homemade — Make-do household › Laundry
• Lavender
  • restlessness — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Law and order breaking down — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Lawn mower
  • engine, blade, reel — Salvage & repurposing › Lawn mowers and small engines
  • won't start — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Layer filter — see Bucket filter
• Layering — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Layers
  • drawing — Insulation and layers, TC 21-3 p. 9
  • dressing in layers — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Layers of protection
  • deter, detect, delay, respond — Home protection › Layers: deter, detect, delay, respond
• Laying out a building — see Squaring a corner
• Laying workers
  • only drone brood — Bees › Queens: finding her, queenless signs, raising your own
• Laying yard — Mushrooms › Growing your own
• LCES
  • lookouts, communications, escape routes, safety zones — Wildfire › LCES for a household
• Leaching
  • acorns in a sand basin — First peoples' skills › Leaching in a sand basin
• Leaching acorns — see Acorns
• Lead
  • bullet fragments in meat — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • in morels near highways — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
  • in old garden soil — Building soil & permaculture › Fitting it to your land
  • poisonous dust and fumes — Salvage & repurposing › The scrap pile: sorting metals
• Lead bullets
  • trimming meat — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
• Lead paint
  • old advice — don't — Practical math › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • old advice — don't make or heat it — Shelter › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • on old windows — scrape wet — Shelter › Reglazing and saving windows
• Lead pencils
  • don't make them — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
• Lead-acid batteries
  • care away from the solar bank — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Leading a horse
  • which side, never wrap the rope — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Leaf spring
  • tool steel — Salvage & repurposing › Leaf and coil springs
• Leaf springs
  • tool steel — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Leaking batteries
  • cleaning up the white crust — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• Leaking roof — see Roof leak
• Leaks
  • finding and fixing — Town water & sewer › Finding and fixing leaks
• Lean of a tree
  • checking it — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Lean-to
  • poncho — Shelter › Emergency tarp and plastic shelters
• Learning at home
  • babies and toddlers, play and talk — Childbirth & kids › Keeping children learning at home
• Learning Morse — see Morse code
• Leather
  • making it — see Tanning hides
  • sewing it — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
  • white streak in the middle — Clothing & leather › If this goes wrong
• Leaves
  • as toilet paper — Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
• Leaving crops in the garden
  • over winter — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Leaving the shelter
  • when it is reasonable — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• LED lights
  • old efficiency figures — outdated — Off-grid power › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Ledger — see Points ledger
• Leeks
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Leg glands on deer
  • don't touch — they taint meat — Hunting & fishing › Field dressing and the gutless method
• Leggings — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Leghorn
  • eggs, but poor mothers — Chickens › Choosing breeds that renew themselves
• Lemon balm
  • sleep, stomach — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Lenticular clouds
  • strong winds — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Lentil soup
  • no meat needed — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Lepiota — see Deadly parasol
• Leptospirosis — Floods, storms & heat › Sickness from floodwater
• LETS
  • shared credit — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Lettuce
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Lever
  • mechanical advantage — Practical math › Levers, pulleys and loads
• Library
  • running from a Raspberry Pi with no screen — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
• Library Assistant
  • medical questions — Medicines › Ask an AI about the PDFs
• Library backup
  • second copy on a USB drive — EMP › What to keep in it
• Library computer
  • ammo-can build — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
• Library night
  • sharing with neighbors — Start on any device › Sharing it with your community
• Lice
  • body lice in clothing seams — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
  • head and body — Make-do household › Pests
  • head lice treatment — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
  • in clothing seams — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
  • nit comb — Make-do household › Pests
  • on turkeys and setting hens — Turkeys › Health with no vet
  • photos — photos
• Lice and mites
  • ruffled feathers, scabs, fewer eggs — Chickens › Health with no vet
• License
  • mesh radio, none needed — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 12. The law, privacy and safety
  • which radios need one — Radio › 1. The quick version — what to grab and what to know · Using a radio › 10. The law, plainly
• Lids
  • jar, lid and band diagram — Lid and band diagram, FN2028 p. 1
  • reusable plastic (Tattler) — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
  • reusing one-time lids — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
• LiFePO4 — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs · Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
  • charging from solar or the wall — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
• Lift station
  • when the pumps stop — Town water & sewer › Lift stations: when the pumps stop
• Lifting
  • safe lifting and carrying — Rehab & recovery › Lifting, carrying and getting back to work
• Light
  • how much fat a year — Candles & lamps › Fat and wax: where it comes from and how much
• Light discipline
  • curtains over lit rooms — Home protection › Don't be a target
• Light straw-clay — Natural building › Lighter systems: straw-clay, hempcrete, wattle, bags, blocks, cordwood
• Lighting
  • outdoor and motion lights — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Lighting without power — see Candles
  • which light for which job — Candles & lamps › Which light for which job
• Lightning
  • caught outside — Navigation & weather › Lightning safety
  • lightning switch, never a gas pipe — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
  • protecting a solar system — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
  • safety — Navigation & weather › Lightning safety
  • struck person — CPR — Navigation & weather › Lightning safety
  • surge protectors still help — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Lightning arrester — Power grid › What protects it
• Lightning strike
  • CPR — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Lights dim
  • low battery — Off-grid power › Choosing batteries and reading their charge
  • thin or long wires — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
• Likelihood of disasters — see Risk ranking
• Limbing
  • with an axe, drawing — Limbing, An Ax to Grind p. 48
• Lime
  • burning your own — Natural building › Making lime
  • dolomitic (magnesian) — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
  • eye and skin burns — Natural building › Making lime
  • hardens only in moist air — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
  • never on dead bodies — Sanitation › Caring for the dead
  • on animal carcasses — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
  • on toilet waste; gloves and goggles — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
  • slaking — Natural building › Making lime
  • won't slake — Natural building › If this goes wrong
  • wood-burned, cords per ton — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
• Lime (cal)
  • amount for corn — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Lime concrete — Mortar, concrete & roads › Concrete without store cement: the honest picture
• Lime in the eye
  • rinse 20 minutes — Natural building › Making lime
• Lime kiln
  • building drawings — Shaft kiln, Practical Action p. 4
  • shaft kiln size — Natural building › Making lime
  • wood needed (½ cord per ton) — Natural building › Making lime
• Lime mortar
  • 1 lime putty : 3 sand — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
  • 1 putty : 3 sand — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
• Lime plaster — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Lime putty
  • keep under water two weeks — Natural building › Making lime
• Limestone
  • local deposits (Kerby, Takilma, Williams) — Natural building › Making lime
  • sites on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Limewash
  • yearly coat — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Limping goat — see Hoof rot
• Lindane
  • old advice — banned — Rabbits › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Line of sight — see How far you can see
  • between two points, for radio — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • checking it on the map — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 7. Range: getting a message across
• Linear amplifier
  • never on CB — Using a radio › A CB
• Linen — see Flax
• Liniments
  • old recipes to avoid — Rehab & recovery › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Linseed oil
  • finish — Woodworking › Finishes, outdoor wood and rot
  • not for wick lamps — Candles & lamps › Lamp oils: what burns and what doesn't
  • wooden handles — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Linseed oil rags
  • can catch fire by themselves — Shelter › Reglazing and saving windows
• Lintels
  • how far into the wall (20 in) — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• Linux
  • starting the library — Start on any device › Linux, Raspberry Pi, Chromebook
• Lion's mane — Mushrooms › Medicinal mushrooms
• Liquid KI for children
  • recipe and teaspoon doses — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
• Listeria
  • raw milk and soft cheese — Milk, butter & cheese › Raw milk dangers: brucellosis, TB and Listeria
• Lithium
  • dose, poisoning signs — Chronic illness › Mental illness and psychiatric medicines
• Lithium batteries
  • 20-year shelf life — 📖 NEETS 1, p. 88
  • charging rules — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
  • fire — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
  • never charge below freezing — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
  • salvaged e-bike and tool packs — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
  • swollen, fire danger — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • throw-away AA and coin cells — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
  • types — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
• Lithium battery
  • electric car packs — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
• Lithium fires
  • putting one out, and reignition — Batteries › Dangers
• Lithium-ion batteries
  • phone, laptop, tool, e-bike — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
• Little brown mushrooms — see Galerina
• Live plucking
  • don't — Geese › Down and feathers for warmth
• Live trap — see Box trap
• Live-oak acorns
  • buried in mud, boiled whole — First peoples' skills › Acorn bread and cakes
• Liver
  • spotted or odd color — throw out — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
• Liver failure
  • from mushrooms — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Liver with white spots
  • rabbit coccidiosis or tularemia — Rabbits › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Livestock
  • ear marking drawing — Marking goats' ears, USDA FB 920 p. 33
  • fencing out of a spring — Wells & pumps › Springs
  • in a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Getting people, animals and supplies up high
  • in a wildfire — Wildfire › Animals and livestock
  • in the heat — Floods, storms & heat › Animals in the heat
  • normal temperature, pulse, breathing — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
  • shelter, feed and water after fallout — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
  • theft, marking and records — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
  • wildfire evacuation — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
• Livestock guardian dogs
  • against bears, cougars, coyotes — Dogs › What guardian dogs can and can't do
  • breeds and cautions — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
  • breeds, choosing a pup — Dogs › Guardian dogs: breeds and choosing a pup
  • fences, roaming — Dogs › Fences that keep guardians home
  • how many per flock — Dogs › How many guardian dogs per flock
  • photo — photos
  • raising a pup with sheep or goats — Dogs › Raising a guardian pup with the stock
• Living alone
  • heat danger — What to expect › 3. Extreme heat and drought
• Living fence
  • thorny hedges that resist fire — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Living layer — see Schmutzdecke
• Llamas
  • guarding sheep — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
  • poor guards against cougars and bears — Dogs › What guardian dogs can and can't do
• Load
  • adults, children, elders, the injured — On foot › How much to carry
• Load controller
  • ballast load — Power grid › Keeping frequency and voltage steady
• Load limiter
  • sharing power fairly — Power grid › Wiring, metering and sharing
• Load list
  • watts × hours a day — Off-grid power › Start with a load list
• Load shedding
  • priorities — Power grid › Which loads come first
• Load test
  • the only honest test — Batteries › Testing with no tester
• Loader
  • support strut — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Hydraulic dangers: injected oil and falling loads
• Loads
  • back, barrow, cart or bike compared — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
  • guessing the weight — see Weight of materials
• Lobster mushroom — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Local currency
  • labor-hour notes — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Local frequencies
  • weather radio, repeater, nets — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• Lock ring
  • split rims, safety cage — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tires, flats and jacking
• Locked-down computer
  • using the library without installing anything — Start on any device › No program? Use the library in your web browser
• Locked-up electronics — see Power-cycling
• Lockjaw — see Tetanus
• Lockstitch — see Sewing awl
• Log cabin
  • chinking and daubing — Shelter › Log buildings
  • corner notches — Shelter › Log buildings
  • cutting and peeling logs — Shelter › Log buildings
  • foundations, keep sill logs dry — Shelter › Log buildings
• Log of messages — Radio › 10. Passing messages for others
• Log sheet
  • power house — Power grid › The operator, the committee and the log
• Log-roll
  • turning someone with a neck injury — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Logs
  • board feet by the Doyle rule — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • dragging and lifting with rope — Knots & rope › Timber hitch: dragging logs and poles
  • for shiitake — Mushrooms › Growing your own
• Long Fast preset — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 4. Setting up a radio, step by step
• Long wires and power lines
  • why they pick up the surge — EMP › Two different threats
• Long-wire antenna
  • better shortwave reception — Radio › 7. Shortwave (SWL) — hearing the outside world
• Look-alike letters
  • S/H, U/V, B/V, D/U — Signals & Morse › Learning Morse by ear
• Look-alikes — see Edible mushrooms
• Lookouts
  • fire lookouts on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Loom
  • board loom and foot-power loom — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
  • parts named, drawing — Loom with parts named, Worst p. 27
• Looting
  • how rare it is, and when it happens — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• LoRa
  • mesh radio in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The mesh radio (optional)
• LoRa radio — see Mesh radio
• Losing weight
  • teeth, worms, hay — Horses › If this goes wrong
• Lost
  • on a trip on foot — On foot › Getting lost
  • what to do — Navigation & weather › Getting un-lost
• Lost nets and traps
  • keep killing; rot-away panel — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Low blood sugar
  • signs, how much sugar, in the cheek — Chronic illness › Low blood sugar
• Low profile
  • not advertising supplies — Home protection › Don't be a target
• Low-acid foods
  • which foods need a pressure canner — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
• Low-head dam
  • the drowning roller — Dams, weirs & ditches › The drowning machine below a low dam
• Low-pressure steam
  • and no-pressure choices — Heat into power › Low-pressure and no-pressure choices
• Low-self-discharge cells
  • which rechargeables to buy — Batteries › Rechargeable AAs, and what they are not
• LPG — see Propane
• Lullabies — Stories & games › Songs
• Lumber
  • air-drying (about a year per inch) — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber
• Lumps on neck or jaw
  • goats (CL) — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Lungworm
  • donkeys pass it to horses — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Lupine
  • crooked calves — Cattle › Plants that poison cattle here
  • sheep; poison passes into milk — Sheep › Plants that poison sheep here
• Lye
  • burns on skin or eyes — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
  • cooking plant fiber and rags — Paper & ink › Cooking fiber soft
  • from wood ashes — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
  • hominy recipe — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
  • in biodiesel making — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
  • safety — Illinois Valley › Homestead skills: soap, fuel, heat, sanitation, crafts
  • safety — gloves, eyes — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
  • testing strength with an egg — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
• Lyme disease
  • western blacklegged tick — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety

M

• Mac
  • "unidentified developer" warning — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
  • starting the library — Start on any device › Mac
• Macadam — Mortar, concrete & roads › Corduroy, log roads and stone roads
• Machinery
  • stopping theft — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
• Mad honey
  • rhododendron, azalea, laurel — Bees › Forage, water and planting for bees
• Madrone
  • firewood — Illinois Valley › Homestead skills: soap, fuel, heat, sanitation, crafts · Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • photos — photos
  • woodworking — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Maggot therapy
  • cleaning dead flesh from a wound — Making medicines › Iodine and maggots
• Maggots
  • growing them safely for hens — Chickens › Range, bugs and worms
  • in garbage bins — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
• Magnet test
  • hardening heat — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Magnetic north — see Declination
  • "Hudson Bay" — out of date — Navigation & weather › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Magneto
  • photos — photos
• Magnetron
  • magnets, beryllium — Salvage & repurposing › Microwave ovens
• Magnets
  • handling, storing, testing — Engines › Taking it apart safely
• Main fuse
  • at the battery + terminal — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Main switch
  • turning the house off and on — Power grid › How a household fits in
• Maintenance
  • library computer every few months — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Every few months
• Making a child vomit
  • old advice — don't — Childbirth & kids › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Making medicines again
  • what each effort really rested on — How antibiotics came to be › What it would actually take again
• Malnutrition — see Starvation
  • arm measurement (MUAC) — Childbirth & kids › Growth, malnutrition and toddler food
• Manhole — Town water & sewer › Gravity sewers, slope and manholes
• Manhole lids
  • lifting them safely — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Manila rope
  • strength — Knots & rope › Working load and breaking strength
• Manure
  • composting and food safety — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
  • goat, composting — Goats › Using everything: hides, manure and more
  • weed killer from bought hay — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
• Manure pile
  • heat kills parasite eggs — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Manzanita
  • berries and flour — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • flour and cider; eating too much — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
  • mixed into acorn soup — First peoples' skills › Acorn soup, the everyday meal
• Manzanita flour
  • with pine nuts, taken in water — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Map
  • a bigger area on the drive — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • in the web browser, no app — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • making a layer fainter (opacity) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • printing part of it — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • reading a topo map — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
  • saving it on a phone — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • scale and ground distance — Practical math › Heights and distances you can't reach
• Map scale — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Map symbols
  • US Topo booklets — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Map Your Neighborhood — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
  • 9 steps after a disaster — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Maple syrup
  • done at 216 °F here — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • sap per gallon of syrup — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • tapping bigleaf maple — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • tapping photos — Tapping a bigleaf maple, OSU p. 4
• Maps
  • on a Windows computer — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Windows computer
  • which topo map covers what — Illinois Valley › Maps
• Marasmus
  • "skin and bones" — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• Marble
  • local deposits — Natural building › Making lime
• MARCH
  • the order to check a hurt person — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Marek's disease
  • paralysis at 12–25 weeks — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Marking out
  • knife, square, gauge — Woodworking › Measuring, sawing and planing
• Masa
  • making and grinding — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Masks
  • bandana is not a mask, N95 — Wildfire › Smoke, heat and people
• Mason bees
  • nest holes — Bees › Pollination for the garden and orchard
• Mason jars — see Jars
• Masonry heater
  • building one, clearances, quakes — Storing energy › Masonry heaters (big stone stoves)
  • how much heat, pros and cons — Storing energy › Masonry heaters (big stone stoves)
• Mastitis
  • cows — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
  • hot, hard, lopsided udder — Goats › Goat health with no vet
  • red painful breast with fever — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Matches
  • none — other ways to light a fire — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Matching cells
  • charge retention, resistance, capacity — 📖 NASA JSC-20793, p. 32
• Matchstick test
  • ropy brown goo — Bees › Foulbrood and other brood diseases
• Matsutake
  • how to tell it — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
  • where it grows in the Illinois Valley — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Mattock
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Mattress
  • springs and foam — Salvage & repurposing › Mattresses, box springs and trampolines
• Maul — see Splitting maul
• May 2024 solar storm — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
  • photos — photos
• Mayday
  • life-threatening — Radio › 9. How to call for help (procedure)
• McGuffey Readers
  • how to use — Stories & games › Teaching reading and numbers at the kitchen table
• McLeod — Wildfire › Hand tools and firebreaks
• McMullen Dam
  • Lake Selmac, high hazard — Dams, weirs & ditches › Living downstream of a dam
• Measles
  • rash, vitamin A — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Measuring
  • distance on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • without a tape or ruler — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
• Measuring fuel in a tank — see Sticking a tank
• Measuring tube
  • ¾-inch slotted PVC — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Meat goats — see Goats
• Meat yield
  • elk: about 42% boneless — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
• Mechanical advantage
  • counting pulleys — Knots & rope › Lifting and hauling: block and tackle
• Medford
  • how long to get there — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Mediation — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Medical books
  • which book for which problem — Medicines › What's here
• Medical help needed
  • ground symbol X — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
  • lie on your back, arms overhead — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Medicinal mushrooms — Mushrooms › Medicinal mushrooms
• Medicinal plants
  • go carefully — Medicines › Medicinal plants — go carefully
  • proven and traditional, doses — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Medicine
  • dose by body weight (mg/kg) — Practical math › Food, medicine and time math
  • going out for it — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Medicine list
  • a card for each person — Chronic illness › Write it down
• Medicines
  • 90-day supply, questions for the doctor — Chronic illness › Ask your doctor and pharmacist now
  • destroying old ones — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
  • making a supply last, storing — Making medicines › Making a supply last and storing medicines
  • making your own with no pharmacy — Making medicines › Everything in this guide, rated
  • stockpiling and rotating — Chronic illness › Build a stock and keep it rotating
• Medicines to buy ahead
  • mothers and children — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
• Meeting place
  • a shared pin on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • household plan — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
• Meetings
  • chair and secretary — Community & barter › Meetings and fair decisions
  • running one — Community & barter › Meetings and fair decisions
• Megger
  • insulation test — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Melons
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
• Melted lead
  • old toys and fortunes, don't — Stories & games › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Memory
  • how much the AI needs — Start on any device › Which AI will I get?
• Memory card
  • finishing it with the library installer — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
  • the Pi's own card vs. the library drive — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Two separate pieces: the Pi's card and the library drive
• Memory channels
  • saving and naming them — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Memory effect
  • NiMH and NiCd — Batteries › Rechargeable AAs, and what they are not
• Menacing
  • threats — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Mending
  • heavy mending — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
  • stitches, darning, patches — Make-do household › Clothing and footwear
• Menstrual pads
  • pattern drawings — WASHplus pad pattern
  • reusable, sewing pattern — Make-do household › Menstrual pads and diapers
  • washing cloth pads — Sanitation › Dishes, laundry and periods
• Mental health
  • normal stress reactions — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
• Mental illness
  • depression, psychosis, medicines — Chronic illness › Mental illness and psychiatric medicines
• Menu (handheld)
  • what each item is — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Mercury
  • broken thermometer or bulb — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
  • in old ointments — Making medicines › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Mercury in fish
  • bass, Applegate Lake — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
• Mesh card
  • print and keep — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 13. Print-and-keep mesh card
• mesh messages on the Vault — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › The Vault's own mesh pages
• Mesh radio
  • do now, while there is internet — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 3. Do these now, while there is internet
  • fitting it under the lid — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 9. The mesh radio (optional)
  • in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The mesh radio (optional)
  • problems — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 14. If this goes wrong
  • setting one up — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 4. Setting up a radio, step by step
  • what it is — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 1. What it is, and what it is not
  • what to buy — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 2. What to buy
• Meshtastic — see Mesh radio
  • how far it reaches — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The mesh radio (optional)
  • radio in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The mesh radio (optional)
• Meshtastic app
  • installing it, Android and iPhone — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 3. Do these now, while there is internet
• Meshtastic manual
  • offline copy — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 15. Where to learn more offline
• Message form
  • ICS 213 — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Message precedence
  • Emergency, Priority, Welfare, Routine — Radio › 10. Passing messages for others
• Messages
  • sending, mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 6. Sending messages and positions
• Messages for others
  • how to pass them — Radio › 10. Passing messages for others
• Messengers — see Runners
• Metal fume fever — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Metal roof
  • patching holes without solder — Shelter › Finding and patching roof leaks
• Metal trash can
  • as a Faraday container — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Metals in water
  • removing with a still — Water purification › Salty or chemical water: the solar still
• Metate
  • grinding masa — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Metformin
  • dose — Chronic illness › Type 2: food and work are medicine
• Methanol
  • poison and fire danger — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
• Metric
  • converting to and from — Practical math › Quick-reference tables (print these)
• Mice
  • keeping out of food — Make-do household › Containers and storage
  • keeping them out — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
  • ¼-inch gaps — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
• Mice in walls
  • grain left in straw — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
• Micro hydro — see Hydro power
• Micro-hydro — see Creek hydro
  • power estimate — Practical math › Water flow and pressure
• Microbes in diesel — see Diesel bug (microbes)
• Microgrid — Power grid › Running a local grid after a long collapse
  • creek hydro or a generator — Power grid › The source
  • cutting free of the dead grid — Power grid › Cutting free of the dead grid
  • frequency and voltage control — Power grid › Keeping frequency and voltage steady
  • which loads first — Power grid › Which loads come first
  • who may do what — Power grid › Who may do what, today and after
  • wiring between houses — Power grid › Wiring, metering and sharing
• Microinverters
  • survived 20–60 kV pulses — EMP › What the tests actually found
• microSD card
  • library on one, in a USB card reader — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Two separate pieces: the Pi's card and the library drive
• Microwave oven
  • as an emergency shield — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
  • dangerous capacitor; salvage — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • safe and unsafe parts — Salvage & repurposing › Microwave ovens
• Migraine
  • feverfew — Making medicines › Other pain helpers
• Mild steel — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Military load limits
  • old advice — too heavy for families — Bicycles & carts › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Milk
  • after fallout — What to expect › 10. Nuclear attack and fallout
  • fresh milk and radioactive iodine — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • keeping it cool — Root cellars › Cooling without power
• Milk cow
  • how much milk to expect — Cattle › The family milk cow: daily routine, milk and drying off
• Milk fever
  • cows after calving — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
  • weak, cold, can't stand near kidding — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Milk goats — see Goats
• Milk jugs
  • don't reuse for water — Water purification › Storing water safely
• Milk tastes goaty
  • buck nearby, slow cooling — Milk, butter & cheese › What goes wrong: off flavors, spoilage, mold · Goats › If this goes wrong
• Milk thistle
  • silibinin for amatoxin — Mushrooms › If someone may have eaten a bad mushroom
• Milk yields
  • butter and cheese per gallon — Milk, butter & cheese › How much milk makes how much
• Milking
  • step by step, clean — Milk, butter & cheese › Clean milking · Goats › Milking the goat: daily routine and yield
• Milkweed
  • never use to curdle milk — Milk, butter & cheese › Rennet from a kid or calf stomach, and from plants
• Millpond
  • water power — Dams, weirs & ditches › Water power from a dam or weir
• Millrace — Dams, weirs & ditches › Old mining ditches and millraces
• Miner's inch — Dams, weirs & ditches › Old mining ditches and millraces
• Miner's lettuce — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
• Mineral mix
  • for pigs, from bone meal, lime, ash — Pigs › Grain, protein and minerals
• Mines
  • and quarries on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Mini grid
  • village — see Microgrid
• Mining ditches
  • old — Dams, weirs & ditches › Old mining ditches and millraces
• Mirror — see Signal mirror
• Misoprostol
  • buying ahead; no fridge needed — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
  • dose for heavy bleeding — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
• Mites on bees — see Varroa mites
• Mittens
  • fur, with a liner — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
  • knitted — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
  • pattern drawings — Mitten patterns, Farnham pp. 249–251
• Mix ratio — see Two-stroke fuel mix
• Mixing batteries
  • old with new, type with type — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• Moccasins
  • from a handbag — Clothing & leather › Remaking old furs and leather
  • photos — photos
  • wet climate — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
• Mode (AM, FM, SSB)
  • both radios must match — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• Moisture content
  • furniture wood, measuring it — Woodworking › Green wood, drying and warping
• Moisture meter
  • 20% or less — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Mold
  • drying out after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › Mud, drying out and mold
  • on mushroom logs or bags — Mushrooms › Growing your own
  • on paper and books — Paper & ink › Keeping paper and books from mold
• Mold on cheese
  • what to keep, what to throw out — Milk, butter & cheese › What goes wrong: off flavors, spoilage, mold
• Moldy feed
  • aflatoxin — Chickens › Storing feed and the dry season
• Moldy grain
  • throw it out — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Molt
  • hens stop laying — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
• Money
  • how goods become money — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Monitor button
  • opens the squelch — Using a radio › Squelch: the control nobody explains
• Moon
  • direction from the lit side — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Mop-up — Wildfire › Hot ground, stump holes and mop-up
• Morale
  • long hard months — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid
• Mordant
  • alum — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Morels
  • after a burn — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • after a wildfire (burn morels) — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
  • must be cooked — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
  • true vs. false — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Moringa seed — photos
  • dose (1 kernel per liter) — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
• Morphine
  • by mouth for pain at the end of life — Chronic illness › Comfort and pain medicines
• Morse chart — see Morse code
• Morse code
  • 30-day plan — Signals & Morse › Learning Morse by ear
  • chart of letters and numbers — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
  • learning it by ear — Signals & Morse › Learning Morse by ear
  • photos and sound files — photos
• Mortar
  • chimney mix (1 cement : 1 lime : 6 sand) — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
  • mixing by hand, how long it keeps — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
  • sand and water — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
  • softer than the brick — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
  • types M, S, N, O, K and lime — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mortar: mixes, sand and mixing
• Mortise and tenon — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber
  • cutting it — Woodworking › Joints
• Mosquitoes — Make-do household › Pests
  • emptying water containers — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
  • ponds and ditches — Dams, weirs & ditches › Keeping a ditch working
• Moss
  • not a compass — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Moss on roof
  • why it shortens roof life — Shelter › Finding and patching roof leaks
• Mothballs
  • naphthalene — don't — Clothing & leather › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • not in garbage cans — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
• Mothballs for wax moth
  • old advice — don't — Bees › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Mother of vinegar — Preserving food › Lard, confit, eggs and vinegar
• Moths
  • furs and woolens — Clothing & leather › Caring for furs and leather clothes
• Motion lights
  • on solar — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Motor
  • where to find one — Salvage & repurposing › I need… → where to find it
• Motor hums but won't start — see Electric motors
• Motor oil
  • used oil, spills — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
• Motors
  • starting surge (6 times) — Off-grid power › Start with a load list
• Motors as generators
  • which work best — Engines › Motors as generators
• Mould
  • why home-grown mould is not penicillin — How antibiotics came to be › 1928–1929: Fleming's mould, and the decade it sat still
• Mould (mold)
  • home-made penicillin — Making medicines › Why most home-made antibiotics fail
• Mould and deckle
  • building one — Paper & ink › The mould, deckle and vat
• Mount Shasta
  • nearest volcanoes — What to expect › 11. Volcanic ash
• Mountain quail
  • photos — photos
• Mountains
  • radio in a valley — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• Mouse droppings
  • cleaning up safely — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague · Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Mouth care
  • unconscious patient — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
• Moving to a better shelter
  • within about 30 minutes — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Moving water
  • 6 inches, 1 foot, 2 feet — Floods, storms & heat › Moving water: turn around
• MOVs
  • spares — EMP › What to keep in it
• MPPT — see Charge controller
• Mud
  • soft feet, abscesses, thrush — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
• Mud bricks — see Adobe
• Mud fever
  • crusty scabs on lower legs — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
• Mud plaster — see Earth plaster
• Muddy water — see Cloudy water
• Mudslide — see Landslide
• Muffler
  • carbon monoxide leak — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Fuel, filters, lights and fuses
• Mulberry
  • for pigs and chickens — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
• Mulch — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • depth, wood chips, nitrogen — Building soil & permaculture › Mulch, sheet mulching and no-dig beds
• Mule duck
  • Muscovy cross, sterile — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
• Mules
  • strengths, mare × jack — Horses › Choosing an animal
• Mullein
  • photos — photos
  • soft leaves — Make-do household › Toilet paper alternatives
• Multimeter — EMP › What to keep in it
  • measuring a battery — Batteries › Testing with no tester
  • quick tests — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
• MURS
  • channel 3, no license — Illinois Valley › Ham radio, GMRS, FRS / MURS (club websites, Nov 2026 — verify)
• MURS (Multi-Use Radio Service)
  • 5 VHF channels, no license — Radio › MURS (Multi-Use Radio Service) — no license
• MURS channel 3
  • Monday check-in — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• Muscovy duck
  • hatching eggs for other birds — Ducks › Hatching under hens, Muscovies or ducks
  • quiet forager, flies, best mother — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
• Mush
  • fried in slices — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
  • with cheese, with buttermilk — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Mush paddle
  • stirring so the stones don't burn through — First peoples' skills › Acorn soup, the everyday meal
• Mushroom poisoning
  • false recovery — Mushrooms › If someone may have eaten a bad mushroom
  • symptoms by when they start — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
  • what to do — Mushrooms › If someone may have eaten a bad mushroom
• Mushroom season
  • what fruits when — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Mushroom tea
  • making it — Mushrooms › Medicinal mushrooms
• Mushrooms
  • collecting step by step — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
  • identifying — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
  • parts drawing — Mushroom parts, USFS GTR-309 p. 10
  • poisonous — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
  • washing them without bruising — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Muskrat
  • burrows in dams — Dams, weirs & ditches › Pipes, trees and burrowing animals
• Mussels, freshwater
  • famine food only — Hunting & fishing › Crawfish, mussels and lamprey
• Musty smell in a straw wall — Natural building › If this goes wrong
• Mutton fat
  • serve the meat hot — Sheep › Cooking it
• Mutton stew
  • with dumplings — Sheep › Cooking it
• Mutton tallow on chains
  • old advice — don't — Bicycles & carts › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Muzzle
  • tying one from cloth — Dogs › First aid for a hurt dog
• Mycologist
  • have mushrooms checked — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Mylar bags
  • inside buckets — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
  • little protection — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Mylar packets
  • after opening — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
• Myths about EMP — see EMP myths
• Myxomatosis
  • swollen eyes and ears — Rabbits › Other troubles

N

• N95 masks — Illinois Valley › Smoke
• Nails
  • length and angle — Woodworking › Joints
• Naloxone — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Narcan — see Naloxone
• Narragansett turkey
  • photo — Narragansett tom, FB 1409 p. 10
• Narrow and wide
  • bandwidth, N and W — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Native meals
  • what people actually ate — First peoples' skills › The meals themselves
• Natural building
  • which wall system to choose — Natural building › Choosing a system for our conditions
• Nausea — see Vomiting
  • ginger — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Navel
  • red or draining pus — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Navel cord
  • clip and dip in iodine — Goats › Breeding, kidding and kids
• Near vertical incidence skywave — see NVIS
• Neck injury — see Spine injury
• Neck or back injury
  • don't move them — Medicines › The first few minutes
• Neck pain
  • gentle self-moved exercise — Rehab & recovery › Neck
• Needle teeth
  • clipping piglets' teeth — Pigs › Piglets: crushing, cold, teeth and iron
• Needles and blades
  • disposal — Sanitation › Sickroom and birth waste
• Neighborhood Care Center — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
• Neighborhood group
  • forming one — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
  • how many homes — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Neighborhood map
  • making one — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
  • sample community map — Sample community map, PACA p. 38
• Neighborhood mesh — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 9. A neighborhood mesh
• Neighborhood plan
  • OK/HELP cards — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
• Neighborhood signal card — see Household signal card
• Neighborhood watch
  • after the collapse — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
  • structure — Community & barter › Keeping watch
  • when police are gone — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Neighbors
  • lookouts and shared fuel breaks — Wildfire › Neighbors: lookouts, signals and shared breaks
  • most people help — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
  • organizing — see Neighborhood group
• Nest box
  • plans — Nest box plans, USDA FB 1730 p. 42
  • put in on day 27; winter box — Rabbits › Nest boxes
• Nest boxes
  • ducks, on the floor — Ducks › Housing, water and keeping bedding dry
  • one per 4 hens, size — Chickens › The coop: space, roosts, nests, air and litter
• Net control — Radio › Nets
• Net making
  • iris twine, elk-antler mesh stick — First peoples' skills › Fibers, cordage and nets
  • sheet bend, needle and gauge — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
• Nets
  • local net times — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
  • what a net is, how to check in — Radio › Nets
• Nettle
  • fiber — Knots & rope › Making cordage from plants and hide · Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
• Nettles
  • blanch 1½–2 minutes — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots
  • drying and nettle sauce — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots
  • young tops — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
• Neutral wire — Power grid › 120/240: two hot wires and a neutral
• New Zealand rabbit
  • photos — photos
• Newborn
  • danger signs — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
  • first minutes: dry, skin-to-skin — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
  • keeping warm — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
  • not breathing — Childbirth & kids › A baby who isn't breathing
• News from outside
  • shortwave — Radio › 7. Shortwave (SWL) — hearing the outside world
• News log
  • post what you hear — Signals & Morse › Listening when you can't transmit
• Newspaper
  • reusing — Paper & ink › Handkerchiefs, towels and reusing paper
• Niacin — see Pellagra
  • ducklings, leg trouble — Ducks › Niacin and leg trouble in ducklings
• NiCd batteries — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
  • "waking up" — old advice — Off-grid power › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Nickel-cadmium — see NiCd batteries
• Night out
  • can't get back before dark — Navigation & weather › Getting un-lost
• Night sky cooling
  • trays of water — Storing energy › Cold: storing winter for summer
• Night venting
  • the cellar — Root cellars › The Illinois Valley problem: warm ground
• Night watch
  • shifts and sleep — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• NiMH batteries
  • compared with alkaline — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
• Nine men's morris
  • board and rules — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Nitrate
  • testing a well — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Nitrite
  • amounts and danger — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Nitroglycerin
  • doses for angina — Chronic illness › Chest pain
  • losing strength — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Nits — see Lice
• Nixtamal
  • lime amount (1% of corn weight) — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Nixtamalization — see Nixtamal
• No fuel for heat
  • insulating the people — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• No water
  • pump silent — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• No-dig beds — Building soil & permaculture › Mulch, sheet mulching and no-dig beds
• NOAA Weather Radio
  • 162.400–162.550 MHz — Nuclear fallout › Our area
  • Medford 162.400, Mt. Ashland 162.475, Brookings 162.550 — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
  • SAME 041033, 162.400 MHz — Signals & Morse › Listening when you can't transmit
  • all seven frequencies — Radio › 14. Print-and-keep frequency card
  • frequencies 162.400, 162.475, 162.550 — Illinois Valley › NOAA Weather Radio
  • poor coverage in the valley — Illinois Valley › NOAA Weather Radio
  • setting the alert and the county code — Using a radio › A NOAA weather radio
• Nobel Prize
  • insulin 1923, sulfa 1939, streptomycin 1952 — How antibiotics came to be › The stories: who, when, and how long
• Nobody answers — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong
• Non-lethal fortification — see Fortifying a property
• Noodles — see Pasta
• North
  • finding without a compass — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• North Star
  • finding it — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
  • photos — photos
• North walls
  • straw rot — Natural building › Straw bale
• Northern lights — see Aurora
• Nosema
  • crawling bees in spring — Bees › Foulbrood and other brood diseases
• Not breathing
  • open the airway, then CPR — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Not feeding
  • newborn — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Not laying
  • shrunken dull comb, pubic bones — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
• Notch — see Felling
• Notches (log corners) — Shelter › Log buildings
  • drawing — Corner notches, NPS Brief 26 p. 5
• Novels
  • teens and adults — Stories & games › Teens and adults
• NTU — see Turbidity
• Nubian
  • photos — photos
  • richest milk — Goats › Choosing goats: milk, meat or brush
• Nuclear attack
  • timeline — What to expect › 10. Nuclear attack and fallout
• Nuclear EMP — see EMP (electromagnetic pulse)
• Nuclear explosion
  • first minutes, what to do — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
  • flash, heat and blast drawing — Flash, heat and blast, OCD H-6 p. 13
• Nuclear fallout
  • get inside, stay inside — Illinois Valley › Nuclear fallout
• Nuclear flash
  • don't look; drop and cover your head — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
• Nuclear power plant
  • nearest one and its zones — Nuclear fallout › Our area
• Nuclear War Survival Skills
  • printed copy in Cave Junction — Nuclear fallout › Our area
• Numb lips or tingling
  • after eating shellfish — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Numb, burning legs
  • beriberi — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Numbers in Morse — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Nursery rhymes
  • Mother Goose — Stories & games › Ages 2–6: picture books and rhymes
• Nut milk
  • with corn meal — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
• Nut oil
  • making it — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Nut trees
  • years to bearing — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
• Nuts — see Hazelnuts
• NVIS
  • low dipole for HF from a valley — Radio › HF from a valley: "NVIS"
• Nylon
  • melts near fire — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Nylon rope
  • strength — Knots & rope › Working load and breaking strength
  • sun damage — Knots & rope › Wet, rotten and sun-damaged rope

O

• Oak
  • firewood (white, black, tanoak) — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• Oak bark
  • tanning — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Oak galls
  • tannin for ink — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
• Oak trees
  • which make good flour — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
• Oak woodland
  • removing crowding Douglas-fir — Firewood › Growing your own: thinning and coppicing
• Oakum
  • stuffing wide cracks — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• Obedience training — see Dog training
• Odd-even rationing — see Gas lines
• Off-grid text messages — see Texting with no phone service
• Offal
  • never feed raw to dogs — Sanitation › Dead animals and gut piles
• Offline AI
  • asking about the medical PDFs — Medicines › Ask an AI about the PDFs
• Offset
  • repeater setting — Using a radio › 4. Working through a repeater
• Offset and tone (CTCSS) — Radio › Repeaters — how hams get range from a handheld
• Ohm's law — Practical math › Electricity by the numbers
• Oil
  • quench for thin pieces — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Oil lamp
  • homemade — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
• Oil lamps
  • floating wick — Candles & lamps › Floating-wick lamp
  • fuel use per night — Candles & lamps › Lamps you can make
  • jar lamp drawing — Jar lamp, ORNL-4941 p. 309
  • jar lamp with wire-stiffened wick — Candles & lamps › Wire-stiffened jar lamp
  • which oils burn — Candles & lamps › Lamp oils: what burns and what doesn't
• Oil of cloves
  • temporary filling — Injuries › Teeth: pain and emergencies
• Oilstone
  • honing, flattening, cleaning — Woodworking › Sharpening chisels and plane irons
• Oily rags — see Linseed oil rags
  • can catch fire by themselves — 📖 An Ax to Grind, p. 34
  • catch fire by themselves — Woodworking › Finishes, outdoor wood and rot
• OK/HELP card — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
  • daily check-in — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
  • posting it — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Okra
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Old advice
  • asthma cigarettes, stick in the mouth — Chronic illness › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • lighting, candles, lamp oil — Candles & lamps › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • thawing pipes with a torch, salt tablets — Floods, storms & heat › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Old attitudes in books
  • talking about them with children — Stories & games › Reading aloud by age
• Old beans
  • won't soften — baking soda — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Old clothes
  • furs and leather, remaking — Clothing & leather › Remaking old furs and leather
  • remaking — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
• Old computer
  • Windows 7 or 32-bit — Start on any device › Pick your device
• Old devices
  • what each can do — Start on any device › Put old devices to work — set them up now
• Old dogs
  • care and a humane end — Dogs › Old age and a humane end
• Old files
  • for knives — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Old gas
  • blending with fresh — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
  • how to tell if it's bad — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
  • in small engines — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
  • rescuing it — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
• Old hen
  • brown fricassee — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
  • brown fricassee in a hay box — Chickens › Cooking it
• Old phone
  • as a library reader — Salvage & repurposing › Computers, UPS boxes, phones and tablets
  • putting it to work now — Start on any device › Put old devices to work — set them up now
  • the screen kept in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The idea
  • use as a screen — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • using a shared library — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
• Old remedies
  • to ignore — Making medicines › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Old seed
  • how long it stays good — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
  • will it still sprout? — Seed bank › Germination test ("rag doll")
• Old tom
  • boil, hay box, then brown — Turkeys › Cooking it
• Old words in old books
  • paraffin, French chalk, spanner — Bicycles & carts › Brakes, gears and field fixes
• Older adults — see Elders
• Older people
  • falls, balance, heat burns — Rehab & recovery › Children and older people
• Omelet
  • one egg a person — Food from scratch › Fish, eggs, milk and cheese
• One warm room — Floods, storms & heat › One warm room
• One-letter signals
  • V, W, K, N, C — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Onions
  • curing and braiding (Aug–Sept) — Root cellars › A storage year in the Illinois Valley (rule of thumb)
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
  • seed keeps only 1 year — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Opacity
  • making a map layer fainter or more solid — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Open burning
  • June to October — Wildfire › Burning on purpose: wet season only
• Open-circuit voltage — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
• OPEN-IN-BROWSER
  • what it does, opening the folder — Start on any device › No program? Use the library in your web browser
• Open-kettle canning
  • old advice — don't — Preserving food › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Operation ID
  • marking property — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
• Opioids
  • can stop breathing — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
  • withdrawal — Chronic illness › Medicines you must never stop suddenly
• Opium and poppy
  • why not — Making medicines › Opioids: no ⛔
• OPP
  • ovine progressive pneumonia — Sheep › Sheep health with no vet
• Oral rehydration (ORS) — see Rehydration drink
• Orange cables
  • high voltage — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Electric cars and hybrids
• Orchards
  • geese under the trees — Geese › Geese as grazers and weeders
• Oregon ash
  • axe handles — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • handles — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Oregon Emergency Net
  • 3.980 MHz LSB, 6:00 pm — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
• Oregon grape — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • photos — photos
  • yellow dye — Clothing & leather › Natural dyes with safe mordants
• Oregon myrtle — see Bay nuts
• Oregon Resilience Plan
  • restoration-time table — 📖 Oregon Resilience Plan, p. 22
• Oregon white oak
  • acorn crops — Building soil & permaculture › Food forests and guilds
  • acorns — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • firewood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • mallets, pegs, outdoor work — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
  • photos — photos
• Orellanine — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Organ meats
  • heart, liver, tongue, kidneys — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
• Organic matter
  • water it holds, how fast it builds — Building soil & permaculture › Organic matter: the heart of it
• Orienting the map — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Orphan lambs
  • colostrum, fostering, bottle feeding — Sheep › Orphan, weak and chilled lambs
• ORS — see Rehydration drink
• ORS 161.209 to 161.229
  • use of force — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Osler
  • the medical textbook written before antibiotics — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• OsmAnd
  • maps on an Android phone — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Android phone or tablet
  • maps on an iPhone — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › iPhone or iPad
  • offline maps on iPhone — Start on any device › iPhone and iPad
• Other radio gear
  • weather, shortwave, CB, scanner, walkie-talkies — Using a radio › 8. Other gear, briefly
• Out-of-area contact — Signals & Morse › The neighborhood OK/HELP plan
• Outbreak
  • isolating the sick kindly — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
  • signs one is starting — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Outbuildings
  • fuel, well, barn doors — Home protection › Outbuildings, fuel and the well
• Outdoor games
  • tag, hide and seek, Duck on a Rock — Stories & games › Group and outdoor games
• Outhouse — see Latrine, Latrines
• Oval garden bed or pond — see Ellipse (oval)
• Oven
  • testing heat without a thermometer — Food from scratch › Staples
• Oven canning
  • old advice — don't — Preserving food › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Over and out
  • don't say it — Radio › Common "pro-words"
• Overburned lime — Natural building › If this goes wrong
• Overdose
  • opioid — naloxone — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Overheated — see Heat stroke
• Overheating
  • car or truck engine — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cooling: radiator, hoses and belts
• Overhunting
  • how elk and deer were shot out — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
• Overrun brake — see Trailer brakes
• Overturn — see Rollover
• Owls and hawks
  • taking turkeys; protected — Turkeys › Predators
• Ox yoke
  • making and fitting a bow yoke — Cattle › Oxen: choosing and training a team
• Oxalic acid
  • dribble dose — Bees › Varroa and other pests without store chemicals
• Oxen
  • choosing and training a team — Cattle › Oxen: choosing and training a team
  • voice commands: whoa, giddup, gee, haw, back — Cattle › Oxen: choosing and training a team
  • work limits; no work in cold rain — Cattle › Oxen: choosing and training a team
• Oxygen
  • concentrators and cylinders without power — Chronic illness › Asthma and COPD
• Oxygen absorbers
  • size per jar, bag, bucket — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Oxytocin
  • needs cold storage — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
• Oyster mushroom
  • growing on straw — Mushrooms › Growing your own
  • wild — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes

P

• Pace count
  • measuring distance by walking — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
  • measuring distance on foot — Navigation & weather › Pace count: measuring distance on foot
• Pacific lamprey
  • photos — photos
• Pacific yew
  • photos — photos
• Pacing — see Pace count
• Pack
  • blanket roll, horseshoe and square packs — On foot › Packs you can make
  • fitting and loading — On foot › Fitting and loading a pack
  • mending straps and canvas — On foot › Packs: fitting, loading, making and mending
• Pack animals
  • lashing loads — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Pack frame — see Packboard
  • packboard of uprights and canvas — On foot › Packs you can make
• Pack loads
  • how much a horse or mule carries — Horses › Travel and packing
• Pack saddle
  • Decker drawing — Decker packsaddle, USFS p. 22
  • photos — photos
• Packboard
  • loading and lifting — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Packed earth
  • halves radiation every 3.6 in — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Packing
  • sawbuck and Decker saddles — Horses › Travel and packing
• Packing list
  • day trip and overnight — On foot › Packing lists
• Pads soaked
  • 2–3 in 15 minutes — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
• Pain
  • home remedies — Making medicines › Pain and fever
  • how much is OK when exercising — Rehab & recovery › Pain and progress rules
• Pain medicines
  • paracetamol, ibuprofen, morphine doses — Chronic illness › Comfort and pain medicines
• Paint
  • how much for a wall — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Pale and confused after an injury — see Shock
• Pale eyelids
  • goats (worms) — Goats › Worms with few or no dewormers
• Pallet trailer — see Bicycle trailer
• Pallets
  • stamps and uses — Salvage & repurposing › Pallets
• Palpating
  • is the doe pregnant? — Rabbits › Breeding schedule and records
• Pan-pan
  • urgent — Radio › 9. How to call for help (procedure)
• Pancakes — see Flapjacks
• Pandemic
  • phases chart — Pandemic phases, WHO p. 13
  • waves and timeline — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Paneer — Milk, butter & cheese › Soft cheeses: paneer, queso fresco, chèvre, cottage cheese
• Panel tilt
  • steeper for winter — Off-grid power › Our sun, month by month
• Panic
  • much rarer than people expect — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Panic buying
  • runs on food and fuel — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Panic room — see Safe room
• Panniers — Bicycles & carts › Loading a bicycle
• Panther cap — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Paper
  • Watt's hand-papermaking chapter — 📖 Watt, Making Paper by Hand, p. 147
  • making it by hand, step by step — Paper & ink › Forming, couching, pressing and drying
  • mending tears and holes — Paper & ink › Recycling scrap paper, cardboard and mending
  • pressing and drying sheets — Paper & ink › Forming, couching, pressing and drying
  • which fibers work — Paper & ink › What paper is, and fibers that work
• Paper bags
  • for collecting, not plastic — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Papermaking — see Paper
• Papier-mâché — Paper & ink › Recycling scrap paper, cardboard and mending
• Paracetamol
  • children's dose — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • dose — Chronic illness › Comfort and pain medicines
• Paraffin dip at 240 °F
  • old advice — fire hazard — Milk, butter & cheese › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Paraffin seals
  • old advice — don't — Preserving food › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Parallel bars
  • from poles — Rehab & recovery › Making walking aids
• Paralysis
  • chickens — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Parched corn
  • pinole for the trail — On foot › Food on the move
• Parlor games — see Word games
• Parshall flume — Dams, weirs & ditches › Flumes
• Parsnips
  • leaving in the ground — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Parvovirus
  • vaccine, signs, bleach cleaning — Dogs › Vaccinate now: parvo, distemper and rabies
• Passed out — see Unconscious
• Passive solar — Storing energy › Stone and water that warm in the sun
• Pasta
  • egg noodles — Food from scratch › Staples
• Pasteurizing milk
  • 145 °F for 30 minutes — Milk, butter & cheese › Pasteurizing, with or without a thermometer
  • with no thermometer — Milk, butter & cheese › Pasteurizing, with or without a thermometer
• Pasteurizing water
  • 65 °C (150 °F) in a solar cooker — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Pasture
  • dry season green feed for geese — Geese › Geese as grazers and weeders
  • mud, sacrifice area, grazing heights — Horses › Feeding and water
  • when to graze again — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
• Patch kit
  • goes bad after a year — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Patches
  • how big to cut them — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Patching
  • clothes — Make-do household › Clothing and footwear
• Patrols
  • rules — don't confront — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Patterns
  • first garment with no pattern — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
• Pawing and rolling
  • colic — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• PC — see Windows
• PCB
  • transformer and capacitor oil — Power grid › PCB oil in old transformers and capacitors
• Pea soup — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Peak sun hours — see Sun hours
• Pears
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Peas
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Pectin
  • fruits that have their own — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
• Pedal generator
  • car alternator speed — Engines › Motors as generators
• Pedal power
  • what it can drive — Salvage & repurposing › Bicycles
• Peephole — see Door viewer
• Peer tutoring
  • older children teach younger ones — Stories & games › Teaching reading and numbers at the kitchen table
• Pegged joints — see Drawbored joint
• Pekin duck
  • fast-growing meat duck — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
• Pellagra
  • signs and prevention — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
  • why corn must be treated — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
• Pellets — see Rabbit feed
• Peltier module
  • 12-volt coolers — Heat into power › What a 12-volt "thermoelectric cooler" can do
  • from 12-volt coolers — Salvage & repurposing › Fridges and freezers
  • using one as a generator — Heat into power › Choosing modules: TEG or salvaged Peltier
• Pelton wheel — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
  • speed and belt ratio — Engines › Matching it to a water wheel or wind rotor
• Pemmican — Preserving food › Jerky and pemmican
• Pen
  • reed or bamboo — Paper & ink › Pens: reed, quill and brush
• Pencil
  • graphite, sharpener — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
• Pendulous crop
  • turkeys in hot weather — Turkeys › Health with no vet
• Penicillin
  • Fleming's mould, 1928 to 1929 — How antibiotics came to be › 1928–1929: Fleming's mould, and the decade it sat still
  • from mould: why not — Making medicines › Why most home-made antibiotics fail
• people on the map — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › The Vault's own mesh pages
• People who need extra help
  • marking them on the map — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
• Peoria
  • the farm laboratory that made penicillin possible — How antibiotics came to be › 1941–1945: the farm laboratory, and the jump to a factory
• Peppermint
  • indigestion — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Peppers
  • bell peppers coming up hot — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
  • when to start indoors — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• Percent
  • how to figure it — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
• Periods — see Menstrual pads
  • a year's supplies — Sanitation › Dishes, laundry and periods
• Permaculture
  • what it is, what the research backs — Building soil & permaculture › The ideas, and what the research backs
• Permanent agriculture — see Permaculture
• Permanent-magnet alternator (PMG)
  • building one — Engines › Motors as generators
• Permanent-magnet motor
  • as a generator — Engines › Motors as generators
• Permethrin
  • lice and scabies — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
• Perosis
  • slipped tendon in ducklings — Ducks › Niacin and leg trouble in ducklings
• Pesticides
  • leftovers and empty containers — Sanitation › Hazardous waste: batteries, oil, fuel, chemicals, medicines
• Pesticides in water
  • charcoal — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
• Pests
  • household — Make-do household › Pests
• Pets
  • keeping dogs and cats out of traps — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
  • washing off fallout — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Phantom loads
  • standby draw — Off-grid power › Start with a load list
• Phase separation — see E10
• Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, valproate, phenytoin
  • doses — Chronic illness › Epilepsy
• Phenothiazine in salt
  • old advice — don't — Goats › Old advice in the library to ignore · Sheep › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Phone — see Android
• Phone charging
  • from a wood stove — Heat into power › Getting usable 5 V and 12 V out of it
• Phone numbers
  • local emergency contacts — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
• Phone tree
  • runner chain when phones are down — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Phones
  • off and off the charger — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Phones dead — see Cell phones
• Phonetic alphabet
  • Alpha, Bravo, Charlie… — Radio › NATO phonetic alphabet
• Phonics — see Teaching reading
• Photos
  • family pictures from a USB drive on the Pi — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Using it
• Physical therapy
  • without a clinic — Rehab & recovery › How healing goes, and when to start moving
• Physiotherapy — see Physical therapy
• Pick us up
  • body signal — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Picket line — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Pickles
  • fermented dill — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
  • soft, slimy or bad-smelling — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
  • vinegar vs. fermented — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
  • which cucumbers to use — Seed bank › Using the harvest
• Pickling alum — see Alum
• Pickup truck
  • keeping it running with no shop — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cars and pickups with no shop
• Picture books
  • ages 2-6, Beatrix Potter, Mother Goose — Stories & games › Ages 2–6: picture books and rhymes
• Pictures
  • the plate, the death rates, the timeline — How antibiotics came to be › Pictures & diagrams
• Pig breeds
  • Duroc, Yorkshire, Berkshire, Tamworth — Pigs › Choosing pigs: lard, bacon and pasture breeds
  • hog types (drawing) — Hog types, Peace Corps Vol 4 p. 281
• Pig feed
  • without a feed store — Pigs › Feeding with no feed store
• Pig health
  • with no vet; normal temperature — Pigs › Pig health with no vet
• Pig pens
  • space per pig, shelter, troughs — Pigs › Pens, fences and rooting
• Pig year
  • Illinois Valley calendar — Pigs › A pig year in the Illinois Valley
• Piglets
  • crushed, chilled, needle teeth — Pigs › Piglets: crushing, cold, teeth and iron
  • iron and anemia; sod in the pen — Pigs › Piglets: crushing, cold, teeth and iron
• Pigs
  • buying sows and feeder pigs — Pigs › Choosing pigs: lard, bacon and pasture breeds
  • cook garbage first (trichinosis) — Sanitation › Garbage when no truck comes
  • how many for a family — Pigs › How many pigs feed a family
  • lard, bacon and meat breeds — Pigs › Choosing pigs: lard, bacon and pasture breeds
  • tilling the garden — Building soil & permaculture › Animals that work the ground
  • what went wrong (troubleshooting) — Pigs › If this goes wrong
• Pilgrim goose
  • sexes told apart by color — Geese › Choosing breeds
• Pill identifier
  • imprint codes — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Pillows
  • feather filling — Geese › Down and feathers for warmth
• Pills
  • identifying a loose pill — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Pilot
  • don't blind with a mirror — Signals & Morse › Signal mirrors
• Pinch flats
  • rocky roads — Bicycles & carts › Illinois Valley hazards
• Pinched saw — see Saw pinched in the cut
• Pine
  • firewood, burns fast — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• Pine knots
  • torches — Candles & lamps › Getting more light from a little flame
• Pine mushroom — see Matsutake
• Pine pitch glue — Make-do household › Glue, patching and waterproofing
• Pine tar — see Wood tar
• Pine-nut cakes
  • steamed, dried, pounded, pressed — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Pinole — see Parched corn
  • parching seeds with live coals — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
• Pins
  • marking your own places on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • sharing them with everyone on the library's Wi-Fi — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Pipe disinfection
  • after repair — Town water & sewer › Finding and fixing leaks
• Piping
  • seepage through a dam — Dams, weirs & ditches › How dams fail
• Pit cooking
  • a kettle buried in coals — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Pit house
  • draught-proof corner porch — First peoples' skills › Houses and sweathouses
• Pit latrine
  • how wide and deep — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
• Pit roasting
  • camas — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • camas, Takelma way — First peoples' skills › Tending a camas bed and pit-roasting
• Pit storage — see Cone pit
• Pitcher pump
  • drawing — Pitcher pump, USDA FB 1448 p. 31
  • only to about 20 ft — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• PL tone — see Tones (CTCSS, DCS)
• Placenta
  • disposal — Sanitation › Sickroom and birth waste
  • let it come by itself; check it's whole — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
  • not out an hour after the baby — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Plague
  • fleas, ground squirrels, bobcat — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • ground squirrels and fleas — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
• Planing
  • flat, square and to size — Woodworking › Measuring, sawing and planing
• Plank house
  • Takelma, Shasta and Hupa winter houses — First peoples' skills › Houses and sweathouses
• Plant families
  • which crops are related — Seed bank › What's in the kit, by family
• Plant identification
  • from a photo, with the identifier — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Planting calendar
  • Illinois Valley — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• Planting pits
  • for young trees — Building soil & permaculture › Planting pits and half-moons for trees
• Plaster
  • cracking all over — Natural building › If this goes wrong
  • falling off — Natural building › If this goes wrong
  • repairing holes — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
  • volume for a wall — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Plastic
  • never burn it — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
• Plastic behind plaster
  • don't — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Plastic bottles
  • PET for SODIS — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Plastic glazing
  • melts in a wildfire — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
• Plastic on windows — see Storm windows
• Plastic sheeting
  • drawing — Fixing plastic, IFRC/Oxfam p. 26
  • fixing with battens or bottle caps — Shelter › Emergency tarp and plastic shelters
  • keep tight and sloped — Shelter › Emergency tarp and plastic shelters
• Plastic sheeting and duct tape
  • not needed — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Play
  • why it matters after a disaster — Stories & games › Why stories, play and routine matter
• Plays
  • acting out stories — Stories & games › Making your own books, plays and newspapers
• Plinth
  • how high for cob, earth, straw — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Plough — see Plow share
• Plow share
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
  • welding on a new point — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Plucking — see Scalding and plucking
  • ducks: dry, scald or wax — Ducks › Plucking: dry, scalded or waxed
  • geese, dry picking or semi-scald — Geese › Butchering and plucking
  • turkey scald temperature — Turkeys › Butchering and plucking
• Plumb bob
  • homemade (a rock on a string) — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
  • photos — photos
• Plumbing
  • simple repairs — Make-do household › Simple plumbing
• Pneumonia
  • counting breaths — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • deaths before antibiotics — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• Pocket Plan
  • Oregon OEM, print and fill in — Illinois Valley › Do these NOW, while you still have internet
• Poetry
  • to read aloud and recite — Stories & games › Teens and adults
• Pointing a gun
  • a crime — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Points ledger
  • 1 hour = 100 points — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Poison Center
  • 1-800-222-1222 — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
  • phone number — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Poison Control
  • phone number — Mushrooms › If someone may have eaten a bad mushroom
• Poison hemlock — photos
  • photos — photos
  • purple-blotched stems — Horses › Local dangers
  • purple-spotted stem — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
  • toxic to rabbits, also in hay — Rabbits › Poisonous plants
• Poison oak
  • avoiding it, washing it off — On foot › Poison oak, ticks and rattlesnakes
  • goats eat it; oil rubs off on you — Goats › Feeding with no feed store: browse, pasture and hay
  • how to recognize it — Make-do household › Toilet paper alternatives
  • identifying it from a photo — On foot › Poison oak, ticks and rattlesnakes
  • never wipe with it — Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
  • photos — photos
  • photos, OSU — Poison oak photos, OSU EM 9184 p. 24
• Poisoning
  • call the Poison Center — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
  • child swallowed something — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
  • foods and chemicals that kill dogs — Dogs › Salmon poisoning and other foods that kill dogs
  • from a wild plant — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
  • never make a child vomit — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
  • what to do if you suspect it — Horses › Local dangers
• Poisoning fish
  • old advice — never — Hunting & fishing › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Poisonous mushrooms
  • the killers that grow here — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Poisonous plants
  • deadly look-alikes — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
  • death camas, lupine, hemlock, chokecherry — Sheep › Plants that poison sheep here
  • for livestock — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
  • for pigs: hemlock, cocklebur, nightshade — Pigs › What not to feed
  • geese and poultry — Geese › Feeding with no feed store
  • hemlock, lupine, bracken, foxglove — Goats › Plants that poison goats here
  • identifying pasture plants from a photo — Goats › Plants that poison goats here
  • ponderosa pine, bracken, tansy, hemlocks — Cattle › Plants that poison cattle here
  • used as medicine — Making medicines › Dangerous to try
  • yew, azalea, oleander, chokecherry — Goats › Plants that poison goats here
• Polaris — see North Star
• Polarization
  • hold the radio upright — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• Pole fuse
  • blown, what to do — Power grid › A blown pole fuse and other simple faults
• Polenta
  • with tomato or savory sauce — Food from scratch › Porridge, mush, hominy and grain dishes
• Police
  • absent for a long time — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Pollination
  • garden, orchard, squash — Bees › Pollination for the garden and orchard
• Polyculture — Building soil & permaculture › Polycultures, companion planting and the three sisters
• Poncho shelter — see Lean-to
• Ponderosa pine needles
  • abortion in cows — Cattle › Plants that poison cattle here
• Ponds
  • for ducks: cholera and botulism risk — Ducks › Housing, water and keeping bedding dry
  • not needed for geese; botulism, bird flu — Geese › Housing, fences and water
  • siting, depth, sealing — Building soil & permaculture › Ponds
• Pool shock
  • stock solution recipe — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • storing granules — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Porcini — see King bolete
• Pores — see Gills
• Pork tapeworm
  • keep pigs away from latrines — Pigs › Keeping pigs and people safe
• Porridge
  • grains and acorn meal — Food from scratch › Staples
• Port-Orford-cedar
  • durable heartwood — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
  • photos — photos
• Porters
  • heavy loads — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Portland cement
  • why it can't be made at home — Mortar, concrete & roads › Concrete without store cement: the honest picture
• position precision — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › The Vault's own mesh pages
• Position sharing
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 6. Sending messages and positions
• Postpartum depression — see Depression after birth
• Postpartum hemorrhage — see Bleeding after birth
• Pot roast
  • in a hay box — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts · Cattle › Cooking it
• Potash — see Lye
• Potassium iodide
  • KI dose — Illinois Valley › Nuclear fallout
• Potassium iodide (KI)
  • FDA dose table — 📖 FDA KI dosing guidance, p. 9
  • dose by age (130, 65, 32, 16 mg) — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
  • photos — photos
  • when to take it — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
• Potato yeast — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
• Potatoes
  • curing after digging — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • green — keep them dark — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • seed potatoes — Seed bank › Filling the calorie gap
  • sprouting or turning sweet — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • when to plant — Food from scratch › The year at a glance
• Potholes
  • gravel road — Mortar, concrete & roads › Potholes, ruts and washboard
• Potted meat — see Confit
• Poultice
  • what it is — Making medicines › Teas, tinctures, salves and poultices
• Poultry and eggs — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
• Poults
  • brooding under a hen with no power — Turkeys › Raising poults with no power
  • protein needs, first feed — Turkeys › Protein for poults
  • teaching them to eat — Turkeys › Protein for poults
  • what kills them — Turkeys › Raising poults with no power
• Pounds to kilograms
  • for doses — Practical math › Food, medicine and time math
• Powdered glass against rats
  • old advice — don't — Natural building › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Power button
  • Raspberry Pi with no power switch — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Other ways to build it
• Power grid
  • how it works, plant to plug — Power grid › From power plant to plug
  • running a local one — Power grid › Running a local grid after a long collapse
  • why solar storms hit it — EMP › Two different threats
• Power lines
  • dangers to everyone — Power grid › Dangers to everyone
  • keep antennas away — Radio › 8. Antennas, power & range (the practical stuff)
  • what never to touch — Power grid › What an untrained person must never do
• Power out for weeks
  • what happens day by day — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
• Power outage — see Power out for weeks
  • how long restoring takes — Power grid › Why restarting takes days, weeks or months
  • in winter — Floods, storms & heat › Winter storms and ice storms
• Power restoration
  • 1–3 months after Cascadia — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Power shutoff — see Public safety power shutoff
• Power switch
  • turning the ARK Vault on and off — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
• Power take-off
  • photos — photos
• Power too weak
  • the AI takes minutes — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power too weak", or the AI takes minutes
• Power use
  • adding up a day — see Load list
• Power-cycling
  • clears most lock-ups — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Pozzolan
  • burnt clay, brick dust, ash — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
  • lime-pozzolan mortar mixes — Mortar, concrete & roads › Lime for mortar: what's new beyond burning it
• Practice
  • before you need it — Radio › 15. Where to learn more offline (already in this kit)
• Prague powder — see Curing salt
• Pre-eclampsia
  • signs — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Precedence
  • Emergency, Priority, Welfare, Routine — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Predators
  • ducks, lock in at night — Ducks › Predators: lock them in every night
  • geese and goslings — Geese › Predators
  • protecting calves — Cattle › Predators and loose dogs
  • rabbits: hawks, dogs, raccoons, rats — Rabbits › Predators, smoke and fire season
  • who killed my birds — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Prednisolone
  • for an asthma attack — Chronic illness › Asthma and COPD
• Pregnancy
  • KI dose — Nuclear fallout › Potassium iodide (KI)
  • checkups, womb height by month — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • danger signs — go for help — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • due date — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • extra calories and protein — Food when scarce › How much food people need
• Pregnancy disease
  • twin-lamb disease — Sheep › Sheep health with no vet
• Pregnancy toxemia
  • stops eating, presses head on walls — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Premature baby — see Small babies
• Prescription drugs
  • don't trade casually — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Preserves — see Jam
• Pressure
  • psi, kPa, feet of water — Practical math › Quick-reference tables (print these)
• Pressure bandage
  • over packing — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
• Pressure canner
  • as a sterilizer — Making medicines › A pressure canner as a sterilizer
  • gaskets and safety plugs — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • none — what to do instead — Preserving food › Botulism: why low-acid food needs a pressure canner
  • on a wood stove or campfire — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • parts drawing — Pressure canner parts, PNW 421 p. 4
  • pounds of pressure here (15-lb weight, 11-lb dial) — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • pressure dropped during processing — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • steam leaking at the lid — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • using one, step by step — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • weighted gauge vs. dial gauge — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
• Pressure cooker
  • sterilizing instruments — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Pressure sores — see Bed sores
• Pressure switch
  • on and off pressures — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Pressure tank
  • air charge (2 psi below cut-in) — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
  • inside a bladder tank — Bladder tank, UNL p. 3
  • only a fifth is usable — Storing energy › Gravity that works: store the water, not the electricity
  • waterlogged — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Pressure zone — Town water & sewer › Tanks on the hill, pumps and pressure
• Pressure-treated wood
  • don't burn it or use it for food — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Presta valve
  • photos — photos
• Preventing infection
  • the lever you actually have — How antibiotics came to be › Prevention is the lever you actually have
• Primary cells
  • cannot be recharged — Batteries › Never recharge a non-rechargeable
• Primary sources
  • the original papers in this library — How antibiotics came to be › What this library already holds
• Printer
  • receipt printer for the library — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
• Printer riser
  • building and wiring it — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 5. The printer riser
• Printing
  • a book page as words or as a picture — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
  • a page bigger, in strips and pieces to tape together — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
  • a section of the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • making paper copies of what matters — How antibiotics came to be › How to keep them
  • printer not found, blank paper — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › If something goes wrong
  • sizes, saving paper — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
• Priorities
  • choosing what to do first — Community & barter › Meetings and fair decisions
• Privacy code
  • it is not privacy — Using a radio › 3. Tones: CTCSS, DCS and the "privacy code" lie
• Privy — see Latrines
• Pro-words
  • over, out, roger, say again — Radio › Common "pro-words"
• Procedure signals
  • AR, K, BT, SK, AS — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Producer gas — see Wood gas
• Programming a radio
  • from the keypad, no computer — Using a radio › 6. Programming with no computer
  • with a computer — Using a radio › 5. Programming with a computer, while there is internet
• Programming cable
  • and the counterfeit-cable problem — Using a radio › 5. Programming with a computer, while there is internet
• Prolapse
  • hen — see Egg-bound hen
• Proof (alcohol)
  • percent — Making medicines › Alcohol: the strength that works
• Propane
  • after a flood — Fuel › Kerosene and propane · Floods, storms & heat › Power, appliances and fuel
  • distance from fuel tanks (20 ft) — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • how much is left in a grill cylinder — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • if you smell gas — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • reading the tank gauge — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
  • shelf life — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • shutting off after a disaster — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
  • storing cylinders — Fuel › Kerosene and propane
• Propane refrigerator — see Absorption refrigerator
• Propane smell — see Gas leak
• Propane tank
  • clearance in fire season — Wildfire › Hardening the house with what you have
  • never cut — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Property lines
  • tax lots on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Property owner
  • shown on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Prosigns — see Procedure signals
• Protection factor
  • "adequate" cuts dose 10× — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Protective clothing
  • wildfire — Wildfire › Smoke, heat and people
• Protective wall
  • thickness table — Home protection › A wall against stray bullets: protecting people
  • thickness table (FM 5-34) — FM 5-34, Table 4-1, p. 127
• Protein
  • grams per day — Food when scarce › How much food people need
  • poults need 24–28% — Turkeys › Protein for poults
• Protein in urine
  • boiling test — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
• Proud flesh
  • red, lumpy tissue in wounds — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Prusik
  • friction hitch — Knots & rope › Prusik: a grip that slides, then holds
• PSPS — see Public safety power shutoff
• Psychological first aid — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
  • look, listen, link — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid
• PTO (power take-off)
  • entanglement, the rules — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
  • what it is, guards — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractors: daily checks, the hitch and the PTO
• PTT — see Push-to-talk (PTT)
• Public land
  • BLM, National Forest, state and county on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Public notices
  • water and sewer — Town water & sewer › What to tell everyone
• Public safety power shutoff
  • fire-season shutoffs — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
• Puerperal fever — see Childbed fever
• Puffballs
  • slice test — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Pulaski — Wildfire › Hand tools and firebreaks
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Pull cord — see Starter rope
• Pullback
  • tightening a picket line — Knots & rope › Trucker's hitch: pulling a load down tight
• Pulley — see Block and tackle
  • speed ratio — Engines › Matching it to a water wheel or wind rotor
• Pulleys
  • friction — Knots & rope › Lifting and hauling: block and tackle
• Pulling power
  • one-tenth of body weight — Horses › Harness and draft work
• Pulp
  • beating fiber by hand — Paper & ink › Beating fiber into pulp
• Pulse
  • cold person, feel a full minute — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
  • how to feel the wrist pulse — Wrist pulse, WTND ch. 3 p. 4
  • weak at the wrist (shock) — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
  • where to take it — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Pump
  • floor pump — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
  • won't lift water more than about 20 ft — Practical math › Water flow and pressure
• Pump cycling on and off — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Pump house
  • locking it — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
• Pump motor
  • won't start — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Pump sucks air
  • won't prime — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Pump won't stop running — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Pump-saver switch — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Pumped storage
  • pond-scale numbers — Storing energy › Gravity that works: store the water, not the electricity
• Pumping water uphill — see Ram pump
• Pumpkins
  • curing and storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
• Punching a hole — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Punctuation in Morse
  • period, comma, question, slash — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Puncture — see Flat tyre
• Puncturevine — see Goatheads
  • photos — photos
• Punishment
  • never by force — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Pupils
  • unequal after a head injury — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Puppet show
  • stage from a picture frame — Stories & games › Making your own books, plays and newspapers
• Puppies
  • feeding — Dogs › Feeding without kibble: what and how much
• Purifying water — see Water purification
• Pus
  • reopen the wound and drain — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Pus from the eyes
  • newborn — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Push button
  • safe shutdown for a Raspberry Pi 4 — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Other ways to build it
• Push-to-talk (PTT) — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
  • how to use it — Using a radio › The transmit button (the PTT)
• Pushing
  • only when she must — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Pushing a loaded bike
  • two sacks of maize — Bicycles & carts › Loading a bicycle
• PVC pipe — Salvage & repurposing › Gutters, PVC pipe and garden hose
• PWM — see Charge controller
• Pyracantha
  • hedge size — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Pythagorean theorem
  • rafters and diagonals — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs

Q

• QR code
  • sharing a mesh channel — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 5. Channels: who can read what
• Quail
  • mountain vs. California quail — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
• Quarantine
  • new rabbits for a month — Rabbits › Health with no vet
• Quebec blackout (1989) — EMP › Two different threats
• Queen Anne's lace
  • photos — photos
  • wild carrot — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Queen bee
  • finding her, raising your own — Bees › Queens: finding her, queenless signs, raising your own
• Queenless colony
  • signs and fixes — Bees › Queens: finding her, queenless signs, raising your own
• Quench oil
  • fire danger, metal lid — 📖 Practical Action Blacksmithing, p. 3
• Quenching
  • water, brine or oil — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Quern — see Grain mill
• Queso fresco — Milk, butter & cheese › Soft cheeses: paneer, queso fresco, chèvre, cottage cheese
• Quick couplers
  • dust plugs — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Leaks, hoses and fittings
• Quick-release knot
  • drawing — Quick-release knot, 4-H PNW 587 p. 51
  • tying a horse — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Quicklime
  • burns, fire when damp — Natural building › Making lime
• Quill pen
  • cutting one — Paper & ink › Pens: reed, quill and brush
• Quilts
  • down-filled, in blocks — Geese › Down and feathers for warmth
• Quincha — see Wattle and daub

R

• Rabbit
  • braised until tender — Rabbits › Cooking it
  • browned and braised — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
  • cut into seven pieces, no cleaver — Rabbits › Cooking it
  • very lean — cook it with fat — Rabbits › Cooking it
• Rabbit cages — see Hutches
• Rabbit feed
  • without pellets: hay, grain, roots — Rabbits › A ration from home-grown feed
• Rabbit fever — see Tularemia
• Rabbit hemorrhagic disease
  • RHDV2: sudden death — Rabbits › Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHDV2)
• Rabbit manure
  • dig straight in; earthworms under hutches — Rabbits › Manure for the garden
• Rabbit pelts
  • prime fur, drying, salt-alum tanning — Rabbits › Pelts and Angora wool
• Rabbit skins — see Furs
  • piecing, prime skins — Clothing & leather › Cutting fur and leather
• Rabbit starvation
  • lean meat alone — Rabbits › How many does feed a family
  • lean meat without fat — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
  • why you need fat — Hunting & fishing › Butchering, using the whole animal, and hides
• Rabbit-skin blanket
  • woven strips — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Rabbits
  • best meat and fur breeds — Rabbits › Choosing breeds and starting stock
  • bleeding from the nose in hot weather — Rabbits › Heat stress
  • how many does and bucks to start — Rabbits › Choosing breeds and starting stock
• Rabbits, wild
  • cottontail and brush rabbit — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
• Rabies — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
  • dog bites; 14-day watch — Dogs › Vaccinate now: parvo, distemper and rabies
• Raccoon
  • heads pulled through the wire — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
  • photos — photos
• Raccoons
  • garbage cans — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
• Radiation decay — see Seven-ten rule
• Radiation meter — see Fallout meter
• Radiation sickness
  • dose effects — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
  • first signs (nausea, vomiting) — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Radiator
  • pressure cap, never open hot — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cooling: radiator, hoses and belts
• Radio
  • can two places see each other (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • crank radio in the ammo can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 8. The rest
  • what to listen to locally — Illinois Valley › Radio & weather
• Radio books on the drive — Radio › 15. Where to learn more offline (already in this kit)
• Radio care
  • batteries, water, heat, connectors — Using a radio › 9. Looking after radios
• Radio check
  • a permitted test call — Using a radio › 6. Programming with no computer
• Radio check-ins
  • FRS channel 3 — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
• Radio controls
  • the six every radio has — Using a radio › 1. Every radio has the same six controls
• Radio dead after EMP
  • check antenna input and power supply — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Radio etiquette
  • listen first, press, pause, speak — Using a radio › The transmit button (the PTT)
• Radio is silent — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Radio kit
  • shopping checklist — Radio › 13. A sensible emergency radio kit (shopping / checklist)
• Radio manual
  • keep your own model's on the drive — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Radio nets
  • weekly nets to listen to — Illinois Valley › Ham radio, GMRS, FRS / MURS (club websites, Nov 2026 — verify)
• Radio problems
  • nothing heard, nobody hears me — Using a radio › 11. If this goes wrong
• Radio range
  • by type of radio — Radio › 1. The quick version — what to grab and what to know
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 1. What it is, and what it is not
• Radio stations
  • local AM and FM — Illinois Valley › AM / FM / TV for local news and emergency alerts
• Radio towers
  • and fire lookouts on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Radioactive iodine
  • in milk, 8-day half-life — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
• Radiogram
  • form and example — Radiogram example, ARRL manual p. 35
  • on paper — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Radios
  • FRS and GMRS range in our hills — Community & barter › Illinois Valley notes
• Radish
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Rafter
  • length by Pythagoras — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Rafters
  • step-off and steel square — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber
• Rag doll test — see Germination test
• Rags
  • for paper, sorting and cutting — Paper & ink › What paper is, and fibers that work
• Railroad rail
  • as an anvil — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Railroad spikes — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Rain
  • signs it is coming — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Rain barrel — Salvage & repurposing › 55-gallon drums and IBC totes
• Rain barrels
  • cover ahead of time — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
• Rain catchment
  • gallons per inch of rain — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Rain gauge
  • homemade — Navigation & weather › A simple home weather log
• Rain tank — see Cistern
• Rainwater
  • Oregon rules for tanks — Wells & pumps › Cisterns and rainwater
  • gallons per inch of rain on a roof — Wells & pumps › Cisterns and rainwater
• Rainwater harvesting — see Rainwater
• Raised beds — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • for roots left in winter — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Raised loads
  • never work under them — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Hydraulic dangers: injected oil and falling loads
• Rakers
  • crosscut saw — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
• Ram
  • how many ewes; marking color — Sheep › Breeding season and the ram
• Ram pump
  • building one — 📖 Peace Corps Hydrams manual
  • drive pipe length — Wells & pumps › Ram pumps: creek water uphill with no fuel
  • how it works, drawing — Hydraulic ram, Practical Action p. 2
  • how much water it lifts — Wells & pumps › Ram pumps: creek water uphill with no fuel
  • lifting creek water — Illinois Valley › Off-grid power and creek hydro
  • tuning the waste valve — Wells & pumps › Ram pumps: creek water uphill with no fuel
• Rammed earth
  • moisture, layers, foundation — Shelter › Earth building — with the Cascadia caution
• Ramp
  • pushing a load uphill — Practical math › Levers, pulleys and loads
• Range — see Radio range
  • getting a mesh message across — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 7. Range: getting a message across
• Range of motion
  • how often, joint by joint — Rehab & recovery › Range-of-motion exercises
• Rapid sand filter
  • backwashing — Town water & sewer › Treatment, step by step
• Rash
  • dark, sunburn-like on hands and neck — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
  • measles — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Raspberries
  • propagating — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Raspberry Pi
  • 64-bit, Pi 5 best — Start on any device › Linux, Raspberry Pi, Chromebook
  • ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • GPIO pins 2, 4, 6, 8 and 14 — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
  • memory card with Raspberry Pi Imager — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
  • moving to a Pi 5 — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
  • on the ammo can's lid — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 6. The Pi on the lid
  • parts to buy — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › What to buy
  • power use and battery time — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
  • powering it on the 5 V pins — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
  • setting up with no screen or keyboard — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
  • switching off safely (read-only memory card) — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • troubleshooting — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › If something goes wrong
• Raspberry Pi Imager
  • Raspberry Pi OS Lite for the library box — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
  • don't write it to the library drive — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Two separate pieces: the Pi's card and the library drive
• Rat poison
  • use traps instead — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
• Ration — see Rationing
• Rationing
  • keeping it fair — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
  • working out a daily ration — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• Rationing tool
  • working out the daily share — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• Rationing water
  • don't ration below thirst — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
• Ratios
  • mixing by parts — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
• Rats
  • dead — don't handle — Sanitation › Mice, hantavirus, fleas and plague
  • keeping garbage rat-proof — Sanitation › Garbage, bears and pests
  • keeping them out — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
• Rattlesnake
  • how to tell a pit viper — Pit viper, FM 4-25.11 p. 132
  • photos — photos
• Rattlesnake bite
  • band already on — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
  • cutting, suction, bands — old advice — Injuries › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • what never to do — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
  • what to do — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
• Rattlesnakes
  • on the trail — On foot › Bears, cougars, poison oak, ticks and snakes
• Raw fish
  • old advice — don't — Hunting & fishing › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Raw milk
  • brucellosis, TB, Listeria — Milk, butter & cheese › Raw milk dangers: brucellosis, TB and Listeria
• Raw mushrooms
  • don't eat — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Rawhide
  • lacing and thongs — Clothing & leather › Tools and thread
  • lashing strips — Knots & rope › Making cordage from plants and hide
  • making — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Ray's Arithmetic
  • primary, mental, practical — Stories & games › Teaching reading and numbers at the kitchen table
• Read-only memory card
  • changing a setting later — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Changing a setting later
  • why switching off is safe — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
• Reading
  • McGuffey Readers — Childbirth & kids › Keeping children learning at home
• Reading aloud
  • how to, every evening — Stories & games › Reading aloud by age
• Reading light
  • foil behind a small flame — Stories & games › Light for reading, and fire safety around children
• Rebar
  • low carbon — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
  • placing and lapping — Mortar, concrete & roads › Mixing, forms, steel and placing by hand
• Rebuilding
  • above the flood line — Floods, storms & heat › Rebuilding higher
• Rebuilding a pack
  • where the line is — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
• Receive tone
  • leave it off on a shared channel — Using a radio › 3. Tones: CTCSS, DCS and the "privacy code" lie
• Rechargeable alkaline
  • only if it is marked — Batteries › Never recharge a non-rechargeable
• Rechargeable batteries
  • AA and AAA (NiMH) — Batteries › Rechargeable AAs, and what they are not
• Recharging throw-away cells
  • don't — Batteries › Never recharge a non-rechargeable
• Recipes
  • mushrooms, old books — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
  • scaling up or down — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
• Recloser — Power grid › What protects it
• Recoil starter
  • rope size — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Records
  • flock records — Chickens › Keeping the flock going for years
  • rabbit matings, litters, ear tattoos — Rabbits › Records
• Recovery position
  • drawing — Recovery position, ATP p. 79
  • how to do it — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Rectifier
  • three-phase, for battery charging — Engines › Hooking it up
• Recycling
  • scrap paper into new paper — Paper & ink › Recycling scrap paper, cardboard and mending
• Recycling and reuse
  • jars, cans, bottles, sawdust — Sanitation › Garbage when no truck comes
• Red alder
  • firewood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
• Red flag day
  • reading it without a forecast — Wildfire › East wind: the night is not safe
• Red flag or cloth
  • danger — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• Red flag warning
  • sign a fire will get worse — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
• Red sky
  • evening red, morning gray — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Redness spreading from a wound — see Infection
• Reed
  • for thatch — Natural building › Thatch — for sheds only
• Reef knot
  • see square knot — Knots & rope › Square knot: bundles, not loads
• Refeeding
  • adults (40 kcal per kg) — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
  • starter formula (F-75) — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• Refeeding syndrome
  • feed slowly — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• Reflector oven
  • biscuits and roasts — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Reflectors
  • foil, mirrors, white walls — Candles & lamps › Getting more light from a little flame
• Refractory mortar — see Firebrick
• Refried beans
  • mashed in fat — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Refrigerant
  • never release — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Refrigeration without electricity — Heat into power › Heat into cold: absorption refrigerators and ice makers
• Refrigerator
  • none — what to use — Root cellars › Cooling without power
  • not a Faraday cage — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
  • power out, what to throw out — Floods, storms & heat › Food to throw out
  • salvaging the cabinet — Salvage & repurposing › Fridges and freezers
• Refugees — see Coast refugees
  • helping people on the move — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
• Region setting
  • US, mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 4. Setting up a radio, step by step
• Regulations
  • updating each year — Illinois Valley › Keeping this current
• Rehab
  • red flags, when to stop — Rehab & recovery › Red flags: when to stop and get the best help you can
  • when to start moving — Rehab & recovery › How healing goes, and when to start moving
• Rehydration — see Dehydration
• Rehydration drink
  • for big burns — Injuries › Burns
  • home mix — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • recipe — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
  • recipes — Injuries › Nursing a bedridden person for days and weeks
  • recipes and how much — Making medicines › Rehydration drink: the cheapest life-saver
  • salt and sugar recipe — Medicines › Diarrhea and dehydration: the homemade drink
• Reishi — Mushrooms › Medicinal mushrooms
• Relactation
  • making milk again — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
• Relay
  • over a ridge — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 7. Range: getting a message across
• Relay points
  • ridges around the valley — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• Relay posts — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Rendering
  • goose fat — Geese › Goose fat
• Rendering fat — see Lard
• Rennet
  • from plants (fig) — Milk, butter & cheese › Rennet from a kid or calf stomach, and from plants
  • making your own — Milk, butter & cheese › Rennet from a kid or calf stomach, and from plants
  • testing its strength — Milk, butter & cheese › Rennet from a kid or calf stomach, and from plants
• Repairing electronics after EMP
  • step by step — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Repeater
  • JCEC 145.490, Eight Dollar Mountain — Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️
  • how to set offset and tone — Radio › Repeaters — how hams get range from a handheld
  • setting one up on your radio — Using a radio › 4. Working through a repeater
• Repeater ignores you
  • check offset and tone — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong
• Repeaters
  • Eight Dollar Mtn 145.490 and others — Illinois Valley › Ham radio, GMRS, FRS / MURS (club websites, Nov 2026 — verify)
• Replacing cells
  • in a pack, and when not to — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
• Replanting
  • after a fire — Wildfire › Replanting
• Repointing
  • drawing of raking joints — NPS Brief 2, p. 8
  • mortar mix — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • step by step — Mortar, concrete & roads › Laying stone and repointing old joints
• Repurposing
  • broken things — see Salvage
• Rescue
  • being seen from the air — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
  • from a tank or pit — Town water & sewer › Manholes, wet wells, vaults and tanks: never go in
  • neighbors do most of it — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
• Rescue breaths
  • newborn, 40 a minute — Childbirth & kids › A baby who isn't breathing
• Rescuer safety — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Resection
  • drawing — Resection, FM 3-25.26 p. 69
  • finding where you are — Navigation & weather › Finding yourself on the map (resection)
• Reset button — see Thermal protector
• Residual magnetism — see Flashing the field
• Resistance — see Antibiotic resistance
• Resistor charger
  • amps from Ohm's law — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Resistor color code — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • chart — Resistor color codes, NEETS 1 p. 55
• ReSoMal
  • rehydration for the starving — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• Respiratory disease
  • chickens sneezing, gasping — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Resprouting
  • best time to cut — Firewood › Growing your own: thinning and coppicing
• Rest step
  • climbing without tiring — On foot › Pace, rests and walking technique
• Rest stops
  • on a march — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Resting voltage
  • what good looks like, by type — Batteries › Testing with no tester
• Retting
  • flax and nettle — Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
• Reverse charging
  • a weak cell in a series pack — 📖 Practical Action, p. 4
• Reviving a battery — see Desulfating
• Rewinding a motor — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Rhode Island Red
  • photos — photos
• Ribbon test
  • is this soil good for building? — Shelter › Earth building — with the Cascadia caution
• Rice
  • pounds to store per year — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
• Rice pudding
  • 3 hours, very slow oven — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes · Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
• Rickets
  • signs, prevention, treatment — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Rider weight
  • 20% of the horse's weight — Horses › Travel and packing
• Rider-Ericsson pumping engine — Heat into power › Best uses: pumping water and slow work
• Riders
  • none on tractors — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Ridge
  • on the map — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Riding
  • mounting, seat, reins — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Rieska
  • unleavened barley bread — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Rifle
  • no .22 rimfire on big game — Hunting & fishing › Safe shooting, shot placement and tracking
• Right angle
  • laying out with string — Practical math › Right angles and layout
• Ring beam — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
  • drawing — Ring beam, Minke p. 35
• Ring on the stem — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Riots
  • what really happens — What to expect › 8. Riots and law and order breaking down
• Rising damp — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Risk ranking
  • how likely and how bad — What to expect › How to use this guide
• River
  • width without crossing — Practical math › Heights and distances you can't reach
• River bed filtration — Town water & sewer › Where a town's water comes from
• River crossing
  • alone, step by step — On foot › Crossing alone
  • as a group, rope handline — On foot › Crossing as a group
  • choosing the spot, unbuckling the pack — On foot › Picking the spot and getting ready
  • never cross fast water — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
  • when not to cross — On foot › When not to cross
• River flood — Floods, storms & heat › Reading rising water with no forecast
• Riving
  • with a froe — Woodworking › Splitting and riving green wood
• Road gravel
  • what good gravel is — Mortar, concrete & roads › Good gravel, and where to find it
  • where to dig locally (Soil Survey) — Mortar, concrete & roads › Good gravel, and where to find it
• Roadblock
  • illegal on a public road — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
• Roads
  • drainage first, when nothing gets paved — Mortar, concrete & roads › Gravel roads and driveways
• Roads blocked
  • US-199 closed by trees or water — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
• Roaring sound in the chimney — see Chimney fire
• Roast duck
  • 325 °F, 1–1½ hours — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts · Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took · Ducks › Cooking it
• Robbing
  • narrow the entrance — Bees › If this goes wrong
• Robert's Rules
  • simple rules of order — Community & barter › Meetings and fair decisions
• Robinson Crusoe — Stories & games › Survival stories for older children and adults
• Rock bin
  • solar heat storage — Storing energy › Stone and water that warm in the sun
• Rock overhang
  • never in a thunderstorm — Navigation & weather › Getting un-lost
• Rock types
  • on the map, and what each is good for — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Rocket mass heater
  • no tested plans — Storing energy › Masonry heaters (big stone stoves)
• Rocking wings
  • plane says "understood" — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Rod and chain
  • old land measures — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Rodents — see Rats
• Roger — see Pro-words
• Roger beep
  • turning it off — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Roguing
  • pulling odd plants — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Rolling hitch — Knots & rope › Taut-line hitch: a line you can tighten
• Rollover
  • photos — photos
  • tractor, side and rear — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Roman concrete — see Pozzolan
• Roof
  • area and squares of roofing — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
  • inspecting every fall — Shelter › Finding and patching roof leaks
• Roof leak
  • emergency patches — Shelter › Finding and patching roof leaks
  • finding where it comes in — Shelter › Finding and patching roof leaks
  • tarping a damaged roof — Shelter › Emergency tarp and plastic shelters
• Roof on its own posts
  • drawing — Roof on posts, Minke p. 38
  • if the walls fall, the roof stays up — Natural building › Choosing a system for our conditions
• Roof overhang
  • how wide (16 in, 24 in) — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Roof pitch
  • for wood shingles — Shelter › Splitting and laying your own shingles and shakes
  • table of percent and degrees — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Roof water
  • treat before drinking — Wells & pumps › Cisterns and rainwater
• Roof work
  • falls: scaffolds, ladders, safety rope — 📖 USDA FB 1751, p. 24
• Rooftop solar — see Grid-tie solar
• Roosevelt elk
  • photos — photos
• Roosters
  • how many per hen — Chickens › Roosters and breeding pens
• Roosts
  • height and pole length per bird — Chickens › The coop: space, roosts, nests, air and litter
  • low racks for turkeys — Turkeys › Housing, range and roosts
• Root cellar
  • building one — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
  • cooling it with cold night air — Root cellars › The Illinois Valley problem: warm ground
  • drainage on the wet valley floor — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
  • earth cover and doors — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
  • plan drawing — Farm root cellar plan, Canada FB 98 p. 3
  • summer use — Root cellars › A storage year in the Illinois Valley (rule of thumb)
  • vents — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
  • why ours runs warm here — Root cellars › The Illinois Valley problem: warm ground
• Rooting
  • wet ground, ringing, pigs as plows — Pigs › Rooting: the problem and the plow
• Rootstock
  • growing from seed — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Rope
  • caring for and storing — Knots & rope › Caring for rope
  • from plant fibers — Clothing & leather › Linen, nettle and native fibers
  • how strong, working load — Knots & rope › Working load and breaking strength
  • safe working load — Practical math › Levers, pulleys and loads
  • safety around a loaded rope — Knots & rope › Safe around a loaded rope
  • wet, frozen, rotten, sun-damaged — Knots & rope › Wet, rotten and sun-damaged rope
  • words: standing part, bight, turn — Knots & rope › Which knot for which job
• Rope halter
  • making one — Knots & rope › Tying out animals and lashing loads
• Rope pump
  • assembly drawing — Rope pump, Practica p. 48
  • depth and output — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• Rope strength — Knots & rope › How strong is a rope?
• ROPS (rollover protective structure)
  • and the seat belt — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Rose hips
  • vitamin C — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Roseburg
  • how long to get there — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Roses
  • native, for hedges — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Rot
  • keeping outdoor wood sound — Woodworking › Finishes, outdoor wood and rot
  • keeping soil off wood — Home protection › A wall against stray bullets: protecting people
  • what causes it in houses — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
  • why dry wood doesn't rot — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
• Rot in a tree
  • boring to check — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Rot in rope
  • checking inside — Knots & rope › Wet, rotten and sun-damaged rope
• Rot-resistant wood — see Durable woods
• Rotating food
  • eat from storage weekly — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Rouen and Cayuga ducks
  • dark pinfeathers — Ducks › Choosing ducks: layers, meat breeds and Muscovies
• Round turn and two half hitches — Knots & rope › Two half hitches and the round turn
• Rounds
  • Row Row Row, Three Blind Mice — Stories & games › Songs
• Roundworms
  • pigs; white spots on the liver — Pigs › Pig health with no vet
• Route choice
  • ridges, back roads, topo maps — On foot › Choosing a route
• Route planning
  • on foot — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Router role
  • when to use it — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 8. Roles: which job each radio does
• Routine
  • a simple evening plan — Stories & games › A simple evening routine
  • children feel safest with order — Stories & games › Why stories, play and routine matter
• Row cover
  • for late frosts — Seed bank › Growing it here
• Rubber
  • storing tyres and tubes — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
• Rubber cement — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Ruffed grouse
  • photos — photos
• Rule of nines
  • burn size — Injuries › Burns
  • chart — Rule of nines, ATP p. 130
• Rules of order — see Robert's Rules
• Rumensin
  • cattle feed kills horses — Horses › Feeding and water
• Rumors
  • rumor control — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
• Runaway speed
  • turbine and generator — Engines › Matching it to a water wheel or wind rotor
• Runner duck — see Indian Runner duck
• Runners
  • briefing a messenger — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
  • carrying messages — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Runoff
  • how big a flood to plan for — Dams, weirs & ditches › Sizing the spillway
• Runover
  • tractor — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Rushlights — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
  • White's method and numbers — Candles & lamps › Rushlights: Gilbert White's measured method
  • photos — photos
• Russian stove — see Masonry heater
• Rust
  • chain after rain — Bicycles & carts › Illinois Valley hazards
• Rutabagas
  • storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• RV refrigerator — see Absorption refrigerator

S

• Saanen
  • photos — photos
• Sacrifice area
  • dry lot in wet months — Horses › Feeding and water
• Saddle
  • on the map — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Saddle fit
  • sweat marks and dry spots — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Saddle sores
  • dry spots with raised skin — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Saddle stitch
  • two needles — Clothing & leather › Seams for fur and leather
• Safe room
  • FEMA plans and an everyday version — Home protection › A safe room and a household plan
  • not bullet-tested — Home protection › A wall against stray bullets: protecting people
  • size per person — Home protection › A safe room and a household plan
  • supplies to keep in it — Home protection › A safe room and a household plan
  • where to put one — Floor plans, FEMA P-320 p. 41
• Safe working load
  • rule of thumb — Knots & rope › Working load and breaking strength
• Safety factor — Knots & rope › Working load and breaking strength
• Safety valve
  • testing it every morning — Heat into power › The safety valve
• Safety zone
  • how big — Wildfire › Safety zones: how big
• Sailmaker's needle
  • and sewing palm — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Salal — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
• Salamanders (coke braziers)
  • old advice — carbon monoxide — Natural building › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Salbutamol
  • puffs and tablets — Chronic illness › Asthma and COPD
• Saline (salt water)
  • making it for wounds — Making medicines › Water, soap and salt water
• Salmon
  • canning time — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • dams, diversions and fish passage — Dams, weirs & ditches › Salmon, steelhead and fish passage
  • dip nets and weirs (illegal today) — First peoples' skills › Salmon, lamprey and other fish
  • drying, powdering and storing — First peoples' skills › Salmon, lamprey and other fish
  • powdered, eaten dry with a spoon — First peoples' skills › Salmon: fresh on spits, and the winter stores
  • roasted on split-hazel spits — First peoples' skills › Salmon: fresh on spits, and the winter stores
  • sharing the catch — First peoples' skills › Community ways that worked
  • smoking, salting and canning — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
  • streams on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Salmon bones
  • pounded for winter soup — First peoples' skills › Salmon: fresh on spits, and the winter stores
• Salmon eggs
  • dried, the most concentrated food — First peoples' skills › Salmon: fresh on spits, and the winter stores
• Salmon heads
  • crushed into travel cakes — First peoples' skills › Salmon: fresh on spits, and the winter stores
• Salmon poisoning
  • raw salmon, steelhead, trout kill dogs — Dogs › Salmon poisoning and other foods that kill dogs
• Salsa — Seed bank › Using the harvest
• Salt
  • from seawater (4–5 gal per lb) — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • hot-weather walking — On foot › Water on the move
  • how much for sauerkraut and ferments — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
  • how much to store — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
  • when to add it — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
  • where it came from; never on dried salmon — First peoples' skills › Salmon: fresh on spits, and the winter stores
• Salt and minerals
  • selenium — Horses › Feeding and water
• Salt and spices
  • why store them — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• Salt poisoning
  • pigs short of water — Pigs › What not to feed
• Salt pork
  • barrel-salted meat — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Salt tablets
  • don't — Floods, storms & heat › Water in the heat
• Salt water
  • for wounds — see Saline (salt water)
  • making it drinkable — Water purification › Salty or chemical water: the solar still
• Salted vegetables
  • in crocks — Root cellars › Fermenting, salting, eggs and vinegar
• Salting butter
  • 3% keeps 4 months — Milk, butter & cheese › Butter and buttermilk
• Salting vegetables
  • heavy brine, no fermenting — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
• Saltpeter
  • old 10:1 cure — don't — Preserving food › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Salvage
  • finding a part fast — Salvage & repurposing › I need… → where to find it
  • parts worth keeping — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
  • taking things apart safely — Salvage & repurposing › Before you take anything apart
  • what never to cut, burn or open — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Salvaged lumber
  • nails — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
• Salve
  • beeswax and oil — Making medicines › Teas, tinctures, salves and poultices · Make-do household › Personal care
• SAME code
  • Josephine County 041033 — Illinois Valley › NOAA Weather Radio · Radio › 2. In the Illinois Valley 🏔️ · Signals & Morse › Listening when you can't transmit
  • programming your county — Using a radio › A NOAA weather radio
• Samp — see Hominy
• Sand
  • bulking, squeeze test for water — Mortar, concrete & roads › Sand, gravel and water for concrete
  • jar test for silt, washing — Mortar, concrete & roads › Sand, gravel and water for concrete
• Sand and gravel
  • local sources, screening — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
• Sand battery
  • lifting sand stores little — Storing energy › Gravity batteries from sand, rocks or weights
• Sand boils
  • below a dam — Dams, weirs & ditches › Warning signs at a dam
• Sand filter — see Biosand filter
• Sand point — see Driven well
• Sandals
  • from old tires — Make-do household › Clothing and footwear
• Sandbags — Floods, storms & heat › Getting people, animals and supplies up high
  • building a wall — Home protection › A wall against stray bullets: protecting people
  • header and stretcher drawing — FM 5-34, p. 139
• Sanitary check
  • looking at the water source — Water purification › Simple tests
• Sap
  • ropey or spoiled — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Sash pins
  • double-hung windows — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • photos — Seattle Police Window Security, p. 1
• Satellite dish
  • heating water in the sun — Salvage & repurposing › Satellite dishes
• Sauce — see White sauce
• Sauerkraut
  • salt and fermenting time — Root cellars › Fermenting, salting, eggs and vinegar
  • salt, weight and time — Preserving food › Pickles, sauerkraut and other ferments
• Sausage
  • fresh pork sausage recipe — Pigs › Gutting, chilling and cutting
  • seasoning per 4 lb — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
  • seasoning per 4 lb of trimmings — Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
• Saw — see Hand saw
• Saw chain
  • filing — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
• Saw filing
  • crosscut and rip — Woodworking › Sharpening hand saws
  • drawing of the two positions — Disston, p. 38
• Saw pinched in the cut — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Saw set
  • how deep — Woodworking › Sharpening hand saws
• Sawbuck (sawhorse) — Woodworking › Things worth making
• Sawdust
  • nitrogen tie-up — Building soil & permaculture › Mulch, sheet mulching and no-dig beds
• Sawing to a line — Woodworking › Measuring, sawing and planing
• Scabies
  • photos — photos
  • treat everyone at once — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
• Scabs on the lower legs
  • mud fever — Horses › If this goes wrong
• Scalding
  • geese, temperatures — Geese › Butchering and plucking
• Scalding and plucking
  • water temperature — Chickens › Humane slaughter and butchering
• Scalding hogs
  • water temperature, scraping — Pigs › Scalding or skinning
• Scalds — see Burns
  • steam and hot water — Heat into power › Safety: burns, steam, carbon monoxide and fire
• Scale
  • in boilers — Heat into power › Condensing and reusing the water
• Scale on steel
  • thin fire, too much air — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
• Scaling a recipe — see Recipes
• Scalloped apples — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
• Scaly leg
  • mites — Chickens › Health with no vet
• Scanner
  • what it can and cannot hear — Using a radio › A scanner
• Scarf (welding)
  • rounded, not hollow — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Scenarios — see Disaster scenarios
• Schatz
  • who isolated streptomycin — How antibiotics came to be › 1943: streptomycin, out of the dirt
• Schmutzdecke — Town water & sewer › A slow sand filter for a whole town
  • living layer on the sand — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
• Schooling
  • with no school — Community & barter › Children, elders and neighbors who need help
• Schools closed
  • teaching at home — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Schrader valve
  • photos — photos
• Scionwood
  • collecting and storing — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Scotch broom
  • cutting, don't graze — Wildfire › Clearing around the house with hand tools
  • toxic to chickens — Chickens › Plants that poison chickens
  • toxic to stock — Rabbits › Poisonous plants
• Scouring wool — see Wool
• Scours
  • calf diarrhea, homemade electrolyte — Cattle › Raising calves
• Scrap metal
  • sorting by magnet, spark and weight — Salvage & repurposing › The scrap pile: sorting metals
• Scrap steel
  • which to use — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Scraper
  • sharpening with a burnisher — Woodworking › Sharpening chisels and plane irons
• Scratches — see Mud fever
• Screws
  • M2, M2.5 and M3 for the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › What to buy
  • pilot holes — Woodworking › Joints
• Scrip
  • put it off — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Scurvy
  • signs and prevention — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Seal
  • jar didn't seal — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • testing a jar's seal — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
• Seams
  • how fields leak through slots — 📖 MIL-HDBK-419A Vol 1, p. 275
  • leather, welted, waterproofing — Clothing & leather › Seams for fur and leather
  • must be bare metal to bare metal — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Search and rescue
  • team size — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Search only
  • AI turned off — Start on any device › Which AI will I get?
• Searing
  • sear, then cook slowly — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Seasonal calendar
  • hungry season, work peaks — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
• Seasoning
  • making plain food good — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
• Seasoning firewood
  • how long (6–12 months) — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
  • in western Oregon — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
  • stacking — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Seasoning lumber
  • stacking and drying boards — Woodworking › Green wood, drying and warping
• Seat belt
  • only with a ROPS — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Seat belts
  • webbing straps — Salvage & repurposing › Seats, belts, fuel and fluids
• Seawater — see Salt water
  • boiling down for salt — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Secluded house
  • why it's a target — Home protection › Layers: deter, detect, delay, respond
• Section grid
  • township, range and section on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Security — see Neighborhood watch
• Seebeck effect — Heat into power › How a thermoelectric generator works
• Seed bank
  • what's in the kit — Seed bank › What's in the kit, by family
• Seed life
  • how many years each crop keeps — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
• Seed meal
  • eaten dry, no water — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Seed saving
  • how many plants to save from — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Seed storage
  • heat and moisture rules — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
  • in the fridge or freezer — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
  • where to keep it here — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
• Seed-starting box
  • from a fridge — Salvage & repurposing › Fridges and freezers
• Seeds not sprouting — Seed bank › Germination test ("rag doll")
• Seepage
  • below a dam — Dams, weirs & ditches › Warning signs at a dam
• Seizures — see Fits
  • first aid, rescue diazepam doses — Chronic illness › A seizure
  • nothing in the mouth — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Selenium
  • cattle in Oregon — Cattle › Pasture, hay and winter feed
  • crazy chick in poults — Turkeys › Feeding the breeders
  • mineral salt; Oregon is short — Goats › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt
  • western Oregon soils are low — Horses › Feeding and water
• Self-defense
  • Oregon law — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Self-discharge
  • how fast each type goes flat — Batteries › Rechargeable AAs, and what they are not
• Semaphore
  • alphabet chart — Semaphore alphabet, Bluejackets p. 445
  • photos — photos
  • two flags at clock positions — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• SenseCAP T1000-E
  • pocket mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 2. What to buy
• Sepsis — see Blood poisoning
  • pulse over 90, fast breathing — Injuries › If this goes wrong
  • signs: fever, fast pulse, confusion — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Septic pump
  • stops with the power — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
• Septic system
  • after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › The septic system
• Septic tank
  • after a flood — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
  • distance from a well (50 ft) — Wells & pumps › Know your well
  • pump systems stop — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
  • still works with no power? — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
  • what not to flush — Paper & ink › What can go where
  • when it needs pumping — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
• Serial numbers
  • property list — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
• Series and parallel
  • volts and amp-hours — NEETS 1, p. 90
• Serpentine
  • Pearsoll, Dubakella soils — Building soil & permaculture › Fitting it to your land
• Serpentine clay
  • cracks badly — test bricks, keep damp — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
• Serpentine rock
  • poor wells, high magnesium — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Serpentine soil — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • asbestos, don't dig for berms — Home protection › Fire and legal limits on any barrier
  • gardening on it — Illinois Valley › Gardening and food · Building soil & permaculture › Fitting it to your land
• Serpentine soils — see Serpentine clay
• Service drop
  • clearances — Power grid › From power plant to plug
• Setbacks — see Well setbacks
• Setting eggs
  • how many, how fresh — Chickens › Broody hens and hatching without power
• Settling
  • clarifiers — Town water & sewer › Treatment, step by step
• Settling and filtering fuel — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
• Settling basin — Dams, weirs & ditches › Taking part of a creek
• Settling water
  • three-pot method — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
• Settling water with clay
  • step by step — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
• SETUP-Raspberry-Pi.sh
  • running it with a screen and keyboard — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › If something goes wrong
• Seven-ten rule
  • chart — Seven-ten rule, FEMA H-20 p. 8
  • radiation drops 10× for every 7× time — Nuclear fallout › How long to stay in
• Several birds killed, little eaten
  • weasel or mink — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Several people sick — see Outbreak
• Sewage
  • disease and protection — Town water & sewer › Sewage, trenches and traffic
• Sewage lagoons
  • stabilization ponds — Town water & sewer › The treatment plant
• Sewage treatment plant — Town water & sewer › The treatment plant
• Sewer
  • how it works — Town water & sewer › Sewers: from drain to river
  • slope and manholes — Town water & sewer › Gravity sewers, slope and manholes
  • when it fails — Town water & sewer › When the town's sewer fails
• Sewer backup
  • keeping it out of the house — Town water & sewer › When the town's sewer fails
• Sewer gas — Town water & sewer › Manholes, wet wells, vaults and tanks: never go in
• Sewing
  • hand stitches — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Sewing awl
  • drawing — Lockstitch with a sewing awl, TM 4-42.21 p. 80
  • lockstitch by hand — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Sewing machine
  • cleaning a gummed-up machine — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
  • needle set wrong — Clothing & leather › If this goes wrong
  • skipped stitches — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
• Shade
  • straw-roofed shade for pigs — Pigs › Water, shade and heat: pigs die of heat
• Shade on solar panels
  • low winter sun — Off-grid power › Our sun, month by month
• Shadow method
  • finding a height — Practical math › Heights and distances you can't reach
• Shadow stick
  • drawing — Shadow-tip method, FM 3-25.26 p. 101
  • finding east and west — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Shakes
  • splitting your own — Shelter › Splitting and laying your own shingles and shakes
• Share with family
  • one library for every phone nearby — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
• Shared stores
  • protecting them — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
• Sharing over Wi-Fi
  • turning it on — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
• Sharing the books
  • ask the publishers — Medicines › Important
• Sharpening
  • chisels and plane irons — Woodworking › Sharpening chisels and plane irons
  • hand saws — Woodworking › Sharpening hand saws
  • wood chisels and plane irons — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Sharps — see Needles and blades
• Shaving horse — Woodworking › Things worth making
• Shear lashing
  • A-frame — Knots & rope › Shear lashing
• Shearing
  • by hand, when and how — Sheep › Shearing by hand
  • when and how — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Sheds and outbuildings
  • padlocks and hasps — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Sheep
  • a year's work in the valley — Sheep › A sheep year in the Illinois Valley
  • breeds for meat, wool, milk; hair sheep — Sheep › Choosing sheep: meat, wool, milk or hair
  • buying; age by the teeth — Sheep › Choosing sheep: meat, wool, milk or hair
  • feeding: pasture, hay, grain, water — Sheep › Feeding with no feed store: pasture, hay and water
  • how many for a family — Sheep › How many sheep for a family
  • shearing — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Sheep milk
  • richness, milking ewes — Sheep › Sheep milk
• Sheep mineral
  • selenium, never goat mineral — Sheep › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt
• Sheep-killing dogs — see Dogs chasing livestock
• Sheepskins
  • salting and tanning wool-on — Sheep › Sheepskins, tallow and manure
• Sheet bend
  • drawing — Sheet bend, Twinework p. 46
  • joining two ropes — Knots & rope › Sheet bend: joining two ropes
  • the net knot — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
• Sheet mulching
  • building a bed on sod — Building soil & permaculture › Mulch, sheet mulching and no-dig beds
• Shelf life
  • by type — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
  • sealed wheat, rice, beans, oats, milk — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Shelf life of fuel — see Storing fuel
• Shellfish, coastal
  • leave alone (PSP) — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Shelter
  • for cattle; three-sided shed — Cattle › Fences, water and shelter
  • goat shed — Goats › Fences, shelter and predators
• Shelter (fallout) — see Fallout shelter
• Shelter supplies
  • two-week list — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
• Shelter too hot — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Sheltering in the house
  • as the fire front passes — Wildfire › As the front passes: shelter inside
• Shelters
  • in a pandemic — What to expect › When disasters stack
• Sheriff
  • non-emergency and Cave Junction substation — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
  • patrols cut back — Community & barter › Illinois Valley notes
• Shielding
  • how much is enough (20 dB) — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
  • how thick: brick, earth, water, books, wood — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Shiitake
  • growing on logs — Mushrooms › Growing your own
  • logs not fruiting — Mushrooms › Growing your own
• Shingles
  • how many squares — Practical math › Area: plots, fences, roofs and walls
• Shivering — see Hypothermia
• Shock — see Electric shock
  • mother after the birth — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
  • position drawing — Shock position, ATP p. 99
  • signs: confused, weak wrist pulse — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
  • weak fast pulse, cold sweat — Medicines › The first few minutes
  • what to do; drinks — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
• Shock (emotional)
  • someone seems unreal or far away — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid
• Shock chlorination
  • after a flood — Floods, storms & heat › The well and drinking water
  • bleach amount for a well — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Shoeing
  • nailing and clinching drawing — Nailing a shoe, USDA FB 1535 p. 11
• Shoemaking — see Shoes
• Shoes
  • care and re-soling — Make-do household › Clothing and footwear
  • fitting and measuring the foot — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
  • half-soling — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
  • repair kit — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
  • taking them off for good — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
• Short circuit
  • a wrench across the posts — Batteries › Dangers
  • battery — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Short splice — Knots & rope › Short splice
• Short-circuit current — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
• Short-cycling pump — see Pump cycling on and off
• Shortwave
  • tuning, listening times, a long wire — Using a radio › A shortwave receiver
• Shortwave radio
  • hearing outside news — Radio › 7. Shortwave (SWL) — hearing the outside world
  • what to listen for — Radio › 7. Shortwave (SWL) — hearing the outside world
• Shot placement
  • heart and lungs, angles to avoid — Hunting & fishing › Safe shooting, shot placement and tracking
  • organ drawings — Where the organs lie, CT DEEP p. 2
• Shoulder
  • collarbone, dislocation, upper arm — Rehab & recovery › Shoulder
• Shoulder dystocia — see Stuck shoulders
• Shoulder out of place — see Dislocated shoulder
• Shovel
  • sharpening — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
• Shovel handle — Woodworking › Tool handles
• Shoveling snow
  • heart attacks — Floods, storms & heat › Travel in snow and ice
• Shower
  • soap and shampoo, no conditioner — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Shrink test — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
  • photos, clayey vs. sandy — Shrink test, PA Soil Blocks p. 8
• Shrinking
  • wool — Clothing & leather › If this goes wrong
• Shutters
  • metal shutter photo — FEMA P-737, p. 49
  • metal, not wood or plastic — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
• Sick child
  • danger signs: act now — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Sick-looking deer or elk
  • don't shoot or eat — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Sickroom waste
  • waste pit — Sanitation › Sickroom and birth waste
• Sidewalk
  • concrete walk — Mortar, concrete & roads › Footings, slabs, posts and troughs
• Sightlines
  • 3/6 rule for shrubs and trees — Home protection › Fences, gates, lighting and sightlines
• Signal fires
  • keep small in wildfire country — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one
  • three fires, how far apart — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
• Signal lamp — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
  • photos — photos
• Signal mirror — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one
  • aiming drawing — Aiming a signal mirror, AFH 10-644 p. 510
  • aiming without a sighting hole — Signals & Morse › Signal mirrors
  • from a car mirror — Salvage & repurposing › Mirrors and glass
• Signal station
  • where to stand, background — Signals & Morse › Flags, semaphore and signal stations
• Signals without a radio — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one
• Signs of death
  • no CPR — Injuries › Knowing when someone can't be saved
• Silica dust — Mortar, concrete & roads › Safety: burns, dust, lifting and failing forms
• Silica gel
  • drying and storing seed — Seed bank › Keeping the seed bank alive
• Silver sulfadiazine
  • burn cream — Injuries › Burns
• Silverfish
  • in books and paste — Paper & ink › Keeping paper and books from mold
• Simplex
  • radio to radio — Radio › Simplex (radio-to-radio, no repeater)
  • radio to radio, same frequency — Using a radio › 4. Working through a repeater
• Sinew
  • as thread — Clothing & leather › Tools and thread
  • backing a bow — First peoples' skills › Tools: bows, arrows, points, wedges and soaproot
  • lashing — Knots & rope › Making cordage from plants and hide
  • preparing it — First peoples' skills › Deer, elk and small game
• Singing
  • leading a group — Stories & games › Songs
• Singing games
  • Farmer in the Dell, London Bridge, Looby Loo — Stories & games › Group and outdoor games
• Single entrance
  • one gate you can watch — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Single sideband — see SSB
• Sinusitis
  • swellhead in turkeys — Turkeys › Health with no vet
• Siphon tube — Dams, weirs & ditches › Crossings: siphons, culverts and flumes
• Siphoning
  • anti-siphon screens in cars — Fuel › Drums and vehicles
  • off the top of settled fuel — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
  • won't lift from underground tanks — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Sirens
  • attack warning tone — What to expect › 10. Nuclear attack and fallout
  • steady tone vs wavering tone — Nuclear fallout › The first minutes
• Siting a house
  • slopes, fill, river banks — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• Size of ground symbols
  • 3 ft wide, 18 ft long or more — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
• Sizing
  • gelatine or hide glue — Paper & ink › Sizing: making paper take ink
  • starch on the surface — Paper & ink › Sizing: making paper take ink
• Skills inventory
  • who can do what — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
• Skim milk
  • feeding laying hens — Chickens › Scraps, milk, sprouts and greens
  • feeding poults and turkeys — Turkeys › Protein for poults
  • how much to feed pigs — Pigs › Garbage, skim milk and whey: cook it first
  • uses — Milk, butter & cheese › Whey and buttermilk: using everything
• Skinning a rabbit
  • peel off like a sock — Rabbits › Humane slaughter and butchering
  • step drawings — Skinning rabbits, USDA FB 1730 p. 54
• Skinning hogs
  • big hogs over 250 lb — Pigs › Scalding or skinning
• Skip — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• Skip zone
  • a near station silent, a far one loud — Using a radio › A shortwave receiver
  • nearby station silent — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• Skipper flies
  • in hams — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
• Skunks
  • at beehives — Bees › Varroa and other pests without store chemicals
• Sky lanterns — see Fire balloons
• Slab
  • floor on the ground — Mortar, concrete & roads › Footings, slabs, posts and troughs
• Slaked lime — see Lime (cal)
• Slaking lime
  • quick, medium or slow test — Natural building › Making lime
• Slash — see Brush piles
  • lop and scatter, hand piles — Wildfire › Clearing around the house with hand tools
• Slate
  • and blackboards — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
• Slater Fire
  • 2020 east wind — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Slater Fire (2020) — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
• Slaughter
  • cattle: where to aim — Cattle › Slaughter and butchering
  • goats: where to aim, bleeding — Goats › Humane slaughter and butchering
  • lambs: when, where to aim, pelting — Sheep › Slaughter and butchering
• Slaughter after fallout — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
• Sled — see Sledge
• Sledge
  • when to use one — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
• Sleep
  • valerian, chamomile, hops — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Sleeping bag
  • improvised — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
• Sliding glass door
  • dowel, bar, anti-lift screws — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • photos — Seattle Police Window Security, p. 2
• Slime in fuel tanks — see Diesel bug (microbes)
• Sling
  • drawings — Arm slings, ATP pp. 141–143
• Slings
  • sling angles — Knots & rope › Safe around a loaded rope
• Slip-straw — see Light straw-clay
• Slope
  • percent, degrees, roof pitch — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
  • steep ground on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Slopes — see Hills
  • building on or below — see Siting a house
  • driving a tractor — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Slow AI
  • Raspberry Pi short of power — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power too weak", or the AI takes minutes
• Slow leak
  • check the valve — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Slow sand filter
  • cleaning — scrape the top inch — Water purification › Slow sand filter (for a group or homestead)
  • for a group or homestead — Water purification › Slow sand filter (for a group or homestead)
  • for a whole town — Town water & sewer › A slow sand filter for a whole town
  • parts drawing — Slow sand filter parts, IRC p. 32
• Sludge
  • drying beds — Town water & sewer › Sludge
• Slugs
  • ducks as slug control — Ducks › Why ducks suit our wet winters: slugs, snails and the garden
  • eating mushrooms — Mushrooms › Growing your own
  • when they lay eggs (late Sept–early Oct) — Ducks › Why ducks suit our wet winters: slugs, snails and the garden
• Slut lamp — see Hunter's lamp
• Small babies
  • kangaroo care — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Small engines
  • compression, spark and fuel — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
  • troubleshooting chart — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Smell
  • stopping toilet smell — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
• Smoke
  • black smoke from a diesel — Engines › Diesel engines
  • carbon monoxide, cooling with no power — Wildfire › Smoke, heat and people
  • cleaner-air room — Illinois Valley › Smoke
  • days of thick smoke — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
  • judging by how far you can see — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
  • masks — Illinois Valley › Smoke
  • small engine burning oil — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
  • white vs black — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
• Smoke alarm
  • replace after 10 years — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
• Smoke column
  • reading it — Wildfire › Smoke columns, spotting and flame length
• Smoke detector
  • radioactive source — Salvage & repurposing › Never cut, burn or open these
• Smoke pot (gasoline)
  • can explode — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
• Smoke signals
  • blanket method — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Smoked fish
  • cold smoke vs. hot smoke — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
  • smoke alone doesn't preserve it — Hunting & fishing › Fishing, nets, fish traps and fish care
• Smokehouse
  • barrel smoker — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
• Smoker
  • from an old refrigerator — Salvage & repurposing › Fridges and freezers
  • layout drawing — Smoker layout, PNW 238 p. 3
• Smoking hides
  • buckskin — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Smoking meat
  • temperature and wood — Root cellars › Curing and smoking meat
  • temperatures — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Smoking wood
  • which woods to use — Preserving food › Fish: smoking, canning and salting
• Smoky fire
  • burn hot, not smoldering — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • wet wood — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Snags
  • dead trees fail far out — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Snails
  • ducks eat them — Ducks › Why ducks suit our wet winters: slugs, snails and the garden
• Snakebite — see Rattlesnake bite
  • swollen face, breathing tubes — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Snares
  • squirrel pole — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
  • treadle snare drawing — Treadle spring snare, FM 3-05.70 p. 136
• Snow
  • driving, stuck in a car — Floods, storms & heat › Travel in snow and ice
• Snow on solar panels — Off-grid power › Our sun, month by month
• Snowshoes
  • improvised — On foot › Snow and the passes
• Snowstorm — see Winter storm
• Snuffles
  • runny nose, matted front paws — Rabbits › Snuffles and pneumonia
• Soak pit — Sanitation › Septic systems with no power, and greywater
• Soap
  • hard bars with store lye — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
  • leaching-barrel drawing — Leaching lye, VITA p. 342
  • making from fat and wood ashes — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
  • none — use ash — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
  • won't thicken, oily or brittle — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
• Soaproot
  • as famine food (long cooking only) — First peoples' skills › Other bulbs and roots
  • photos — photos
  • soap, brushes and glue — First peoples' skills › Tools: bows, arrows, points, wedges and soaproot
  • washing wool — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Soapstone
  • hot stone in a cooker — Storing energy › Hot stones and hay-boxes for cooking
• Socks
  • change twice a day — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
  • knitting — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
  • wool, liners, changing at noon — On foot › Feet: boots, socks and blisters
• SODIS
  • how-to drawings — SODIS how-to, EAWAG p. 26
  • solar water disinfection — Make-do household › Clean water from plastic bottles (SODIS)
  • sunlight in plastic bottles (6 hours) — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Sodium fluoride
  • old advice — poison — Chickens › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • old lice remedy, poison — Turkeys › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Sodium hypochlorite — see Bleach
• Sodium silicate — see Eggs
• Soft rush
  • for rushlights — Candles & lamps › Rushlights: Gilbert White's measured method
• Soft spots
  • after hardening — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Softening steel — see Annealing
• Soil
  • building organic matter — Building soil & permaculture › Organic matter: the heart of it
  • for building, local — see Clay
  • good growing ground on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Soil blocks — see Compressed earth blocks
• Soil test
  • before amending — Seed bank › Growing it here
• Soil test for building — see Ribbon test
• Solar charge controller
  • wiring it up after an event — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
• Solar cooker
  • from a satellite dish — Salvage & repurposing › Satellite dishes
  • pasteurizing water — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
• Solar dryer
  • building one — Root cellars › Drying food
  • drawing — Solar drier, USDA FB 984 p. 16
  • layout drawing — Solar dryer layout, Practical Action p. 2
  • when it works here — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
• Solar garden lights — Salvage & repurposing › Solar garden lights and spent batteries
• Solar oven
  • what heat it reaches — Food from scratch › What to cook it on
• Solar panels
  • cell count and voltage — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
  • charging the library computer — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power and charging
  • how many watts for 1 kWh a day — Off-grid power › A worked example
  • live whenever light hits them — cover first — 📖 Fire FAQ, p. 3
  • salvaging — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
  • storing them unplugged, outside a Faraday can — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The idea
  • survived 100 kV/m tests — EMP › What the tests actually found
  • testing a used one — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
  • testing drawing — Short-circuit test, Navy p. 52
  • washing — Off-grid power › Salvaging and testing panels
• Solar power
  • sizing a system — Illinois Valley › Off-grid power and creek hydro · Off-grid power › A worked example
• Solar pump — see Solar well pump
• Solar relay
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 10. Power
• Solar still
  • building one, output per day — Water purification › Salty or chemical water: the solar still
• Solar storm
  • warning 18–72 hours — What to expect › 9. Solar storm or EMP
  • warning time 18–72 hours — EMP › Two different threats
  • what it does and doesn't hit — EMP › Two different threats
• Solar storm warning
  • what to do (G4–G5) — EMP › When a solar-storm warning comes
• Solar system after EMP
  • test controller and inverter — EMP › After an event: check and repair
• Solar system diagram
  • how the parts connect — Block diagram, Arizona p. 1
• Solar water heater
  • breadbox batch heater — Storing energy › Solar water heaters you can build
  • from an old water-heater tank — Salvage & repurposing › Water heaters
  • thermosiphon build — Storing energy › Solar water heaters you can build
• Solar water pump
  • no battery, tank is the storage — Off-grid power › Start with a load list
  • the tank is the battery — Storing energy › Gravity that works: store the water, not the electricity
• Solar well pump
  • brushless DC pump — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Soldering
  • how to — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
• Soldering a battery
  • never onto a lithium cell — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
• Soles
  • half-soling, pegged soles — Clothing & leather › Boots, shoes and moccasins
• Solitaire
  • Klondike, Take Fourteen — Stories & games › Card games and board games
• Someone hurt
  • what to check first — Medicines › The first few minutes
• Songs
  • rounds, lullabies, old favorites — Stories & games › Songs
• Sooty grouse
  • photos — photos
• Sore backs
  • pack stock — Horses › Travel and packing
• Sore hocks
  • resting board on wire floors — Rabbits › Sore hocks
• Sore mouth (orf)
  • catches on people's hands — Goats › Goat health with no vet
  • lambs; catches on hands — Sheep › Sheep health with no vet
• Sore shoulders
  • preventing them — Horses › Harness and draft work
• SOS
  • by light, sound or flag — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
  • in Morse code — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
  • three short, three long, three short — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one
• Soundness
  • walk and trot on hard ground — Horses › Choosing an animal
• Soup
  • from a bone and cellar roots — Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
• Soup stock — see Broth
• Sour milk
  • with soda, in place of baking powder — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
• Sour or varnish smell (fuel) — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
• Sourdough
  • dark liquid on top (hooch) — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
  • drying a backup — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
  • keeping it going — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
  • mold — throw out — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
  • starter not rising — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
  • starting a wild starter — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
• Space weather scale — see G-scale (G1–G5)
• Spacer
  • homemade, bottle not cup — Chronic illness › Asthma and COPD
• Spacing
  • in-row, by crop — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• Spanish flu (1918)
  • worse second wave — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Spare devices
  • storing in a metal can — Start on any device › Put old devices to work — set them up now
• Spare electronics
  • what to keep in a Faraday container — EMP › What to keep in it
• Spare key
  • where not to hide it — Home protection › Don't be a target
• Spare motors
  • storing — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Spare radio
  • in a shielded box — Using a radio › 9. Looking after radios
• Spares
  • bicycle stockpile list — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
• Spark
  • testing for spark — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Spark arrester — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • chainsaw — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Spark plug
  • checking the spark — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
  • photos — photos
  • reading the tip color — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
• Spark test — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
  • patterns drawing — Spark patterns, Navy Steelworker p. 23
• Sparks out the chimney top — see Chimney fire
• Spawn — Mushrooms › Growing your own
• Spaying and neutering
  • with no vet — Dogs › Spaying and neutering when there's no vet
• Specific gravity — see Hydrometer
• Specific heat
  • water, rock, sand — Storing energy › How much each way holds: the honest numbers
• Spelling words on the radio — see Phonetic alphabet
• Spider bite — Injuries › Rattlesnakes, spiders and stings
• Spill buckets — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Spillway
  • sizing for the worst storm — Dams, weirs & ditches › Sizing the spillway
• Spin test
  • generator or alternator — Engines › Testing what you salvaged
• Spinach
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Spinal cord injury
  • range of motion — Rehab & recovery › Stroke and spine injuries: the basics
• Spine injury
  • signs; keeping them flat — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Spinning
  • drop spindle — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Splash at the wall base
  • coving — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Splicing
  • eye splice — Knots & rope › Eye splice
  • short splice — Knots & rope › Short splice
  • why splice, not knot — Knots & rope › Whipping and splicing
• Splints
  • how to — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Split rim — see Lock ring
• Splits (bees)
  • making a nuc — Bees › Splits
• Splitting green wood
  • steering a split — Woodworking › Splitting and riving green wood
• Splitting maul
  • 6–8 lb — Firewood › Splitting
• Splitting wood
  • how small (6 in) — Firewood › Splitting
  • maul and wedges — Firewood › Splitting
  • safe and unsafe drawing — Safe splitting, An Ax to Grind p. 51
  • safety — Firewood › Splitting
  • technique — Firewood › Splitting
• Spoiled canned food
  • getting rid of a suspect jar — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
  • signs — Preserving food › Jars, lids, storage and spoilage
• Spokes
  • replacing broken ones — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
  • tightening to true a wheel — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
• Spore print
  • colors and what they mean — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
  • how to make one — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
  • photos — photos
• Spot fires
  • putting out small fires — Wildfire › Small fires, spot fires and wet sacks
• Spot welding
  • why pack tabs are welded — see Soldering a battery
• Spotting
  • how far embers fly — Wildfire › Smoke columns, spotting and flame length
• Sprained ankle
  • rehab week by week — Rehab & recovery › Ankle sprain
• Sprains — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
• Spring
  • developing a spring — Wells & pumps › Springs
  • measuring its flow — Wells & pumps › Springs
• Spring box
  • drawings — Spring box, Virginia Tech p. 5
  • how to build one — Wells & pumps › Springs
• Spring brakes — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Air brakes
• Spring grass
  • turning out gradually — Horses › Feeding and water
• Spring gun — see Booby traps
• Spring water
  • cooling milk and butter — Root cellars › Cooling without power
• Springhouse — Root cellars › Cooling without power
  • cooling milk and butter — Milk, butter & cheese › Cooling milk with no power
• Springpoles
  • bent saplings whip — Firewood › Bucking and limbing
• Springs — see Leaf springs
  • on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Sprinklers
  • when to turn them on — Wildfire › Water with no power
• Sprouted oats
  • winter greens for hens — Chickens › Scraps, milk, sprouts and greens
• Sprouting — see Germination test
• Sprouting potatoes
  • still food — cut the green away — Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
• Sprouting seeds
  • for vitamin C — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Sprouts — see Sprouting seeds
• Spur
  • on the map — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Sputtering faucet — see Air in the water
• Square knot — Knots & rope › Square knot: bundles, not loads
• Square lashing — Knots & rope › Square lashing
• Squaring a corner
  • 6-8-10 method — Shelter › Hand-tool carpentry and drying lumber
• Squash
  • flower drawing — Squash flowers, Cucurbit Seed Production p. 7
  • male and female flowers — Seed bank › Hand-pollinating and caging
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
  • zucchini, crookneck and pumpkin cross — Seed bank › Which of your seeds cross — and what to do
• Squash family
  • which crops belong — Seed bank › What's in the kit, by family
• Squelch
  • how the circuit works — NEETS 17, p. 72
  • too tight: calls go unheard — Using a radio › Squelch: the control nobody explains
  • what it does and how to set it — Using a radio › Squelch: the control nobody explains
• Squirrel pole
  • drawing — Squirrel pole, FM 3-05.70 p. 133
• Squirrels
  • gray squirrel (protected) vs. ground squirrel — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
• SSB
  • more range on CB — Radio › 4. CB Radio (Citizens Band) — no license, simple, vehicle-friendly
• SSD
  • library drive for the Pi — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Two separate pieces: the Pi's card and the library drive
• St John's wort
  • depression; mixing with medicines — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• St. Johnswort
  • newly shorn sheep burn — Sheep › Plants that poison sheep here
• Stabilisers for clay
  • dung, blood, casein, tannin — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Stabilizer — see Fuel stabilizer
• Stacking firewood
  • drawing — Stacked firewood, U. of Minnesota p. 13
  • off the ground, cover the top — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Stains
  • blood, grease, set stains — Make-do household › Laundry
• Stairs
  • riser and tread sizes — Practical math › Slope, grade, pitch and stairs
• Stale fuel — see Old gas
• Stale gasoline — see Old gas
• Standby power — see Phantom loads
• Standpipes
  • public taps — Town water & sewer › Let gravity do the work
• Stars
  • finding north — see North Star
• Starter — see Sourdough
• Starter culture
  • homemade — Milk, butter & cheese › Cultured milk, yogurt and kefir
  • keeping it alive — Milk, butter & cheese › Cultured milk, yogurt and kefir
• Starter motor
  • never crank more than 30 seconds — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › When it won't start
• Starter rope
  • replacing — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Starting an engine on old gas — Fuel › Rescuing old fuel
• Starting fluid (ether)
  • danger with glow plugs — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Diesel trucks and tractors
• Starting seeds indoors
  • weeks before planting out — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• Starting surge
  • motors — Engines › Generators
  • well pump draws over 6× running watts — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Starting the library
  • which file for my device — Start on any device › Pick your device
• Starvation
  • recognizing it — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• State of charge — see Battery voltage
• Static electricity
  • bonding to stop sparks — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
  • sparks when pouring fuel — 📖 FM 10-67-1, p. 21
• Static water level — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Station tanks — see Underground storage tanks
• Stay or go
  • deciding ahead — Wildfire › Stay or go: decide before fire season
• Stealing — see Theft
• Steam canner
  • rules for using one — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
• Steam engine
  • belting to a pump, saw or generator — Heat into power › Turning a pump, saw or generator
  • fuel and water it uses — Heat into power › The honest numbers: what a pound of wood can do
  • what a small one can do — Heat into power › Steam: what a small engine can do
• Steamed bread
  • 3½ hours, no oven — Food from scratch › Pan breads, dumplings, pancakes and fritters
• Steamed pudding
  • in a lard pail — Food from scratch › Fruit, nuts and sweet dishes
• Stearine
  • in salvaged paraffin — Candles & lamps › Cleaning and hardening tallow
• Stecklings
  • storing roots for seed — Seed bank › Biennials: seed in the second year
• Steel
  • identifying unknown scrap — Blacksmithing › Which scrap steel to use
• Steelhead — see Salmon
  • identifying — Salmon and steelhead ID, Sea Grant
  • rules — Illinois Valley › Hunting and 🎣 Fishing
• Steep roads
  • walk and push — Bicycles & carts › Hills and grades
• Step potential — Power grid › Fallen lines and step potential
• Step voltage
  • a line falling near you — Floods, storms & heat › Trees and lines coming down
• Step-down converter
  • 12 V to 5 V for the Pi — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
• Steps per 100 meters — Navigation & weather › Pace count: measuring distance on foot
• Sterilizing
  • boiling and the oven — Making medicines › Soap, boiling and an oven
• Sterilizing instruments
  • pressure cooker, oven, bleach — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Steroids
  • stopping, prednisolone taper — Chronic illness › Medicines you must never stop suddenly
• Stew
  • with dumplings — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Sticking a tank
  • measuring fuel with a stick — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Stiff lamb disease — see White muscle disease
• Stiff, trembling kid
  • white muscle disease — Goats › If this goes wrong
• Stinging nettle — see Nettle
  • never wipe with it — Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
• Stinking feet — see Thrush
• Stirling engine
  • building one from pipe fittings — Heat into power › A simple build from pipe fittings
  • hot-air engines overview — Heat into power › Stirling and hot-air engines
  • how it works — Heat into power › How they work
  • what it really delivers — Heat into power › What they really deliver
• Stitches
  • basting, backstitch, catch, whipstitch — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
  • drawings — Hand stitches, TM 4-42.21 pp. 19–23
  • when a cut may be closed — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Stitching clamp
  • drawing — Home-made clamp, Hasluck p. 29
  • making one — Clothing & leather › Tools and thread
• Stock
  • don't salt until half cooked — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
  • in a hay box overnight — Food from scratch › Broth, soup and stew
• Stocking batteries
  • what to buy now — Batteries › Getting the most out of what you have
• Stockpile
  • what to keep for making medicines — Making medicines › Making a supply last and storing medicines
• Stolen firearm
  • reporting within 72 hours — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
• Stone boiling
  • cooking in a basket with hot rocks — First peoples' skills › Stone-boiling mush and baking bread
• Stone walls
  • rubble masonry, bonding stones — Mortar, concrete & roads › Laying stone and repointing old joints
• Stools and shelves — Woodworking › Things worth making
• STOP
  • stop, think, observe, plan — Navigation & weather › Getting un-lost
• Stoplogs — Dams, weirs & ditches › Headgates and checks
• Storage calendar
  • month by month — Root cellars › A storage year in the Illinois Valley (rule of thumb)
• Storage temperature
  • for each crop — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Storage times
  • how long crops keep — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Storing a lithium pack
  • part charged, not full — Batteries › Tool batteries: keeping a drill alive for years
• Storing a vehicle
  • months unused — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Parking a vehicle for months
• Storing eggs
  • water glass, limewater, cool cellar — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
• Storing energy — see Energy storage
• Storing engines
  • draining the fuel — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Storing fuel
  • containers, heat and sun — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
  • farm fuel site layout — Well-planned farm fuel site, Alberta p. 6
  • how long each fuel keeps — Fuel › How long fuel keeps
• Storing medicines
  • heat, cars, bathrooms — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Storing mushrooms
  • fresh, in a paper bag — Mushrooms › Cooking, drying and storing
• Storing paper
  • dry, dark, more than one copy, more than one place — How antibiotics came to be › How to keep them
• Storing water — see Water storage
• Storm drains — Town water & sewer › Storm drains and combined sewers
• Storm windows
  • plastic — Shelter › One warm room: drafts, plastic and heat
• Storytelling
  • how to tell a story with no book — Stories & games › Telling stories with no book
• Stove fan — Heat into power › What to expect in watts
• Stovepipe
  • 18 in clearance — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • 18 in from anything that burns — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • never through floors or closets — Shelter › Chimneys and stovepipe
  • old 9-in rule — don't — Shelter › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Straddle trench
  • size — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
• Straining water — see Cloth straining
• Strangers
  • at the door or gate — Home protection › Someone at the gate, strangers, or a break-in
  • meeting people on the road — On foot › Safety on the road
  • what to say — Home protection › Don't be a target
• Stratification
  • cold-moist seed treatment — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
• Straw
  • buying and storing bales — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
  • for paper — Paper & ink › What paper is, and fibers that work
  • growing oyster mushrooms — Mushrooms › Growing your own
  • never hay — Natural building › Local materials: clay, sand, straw and stone
• Straw bale
  • 1-hour fire test, plaster mix — Natural building › Straw bale
  • bale sizes and weight — Natural building › Straw bale
  • fire-season site rules — Natural building › Straw bale
  • moisture limit (20%) — Natural building › Straw bale
  • photos — photos
  • wet-coast warning, north walls — Natural building › Straw bale
• Strawberries
  • rooting runners — Seed bank › Fruit trees and berries: seeds don't come true
  • weeding with geese — Geese › Geese as grazers and weeders
• Stray bullets
  • wall thickness needed — Home protection › A wall against stray bullets: protecting people
• Street pills
  • fake pills with fentanyl — Medicines › Using found or expired medicines
• Strengthening
  • sandbags and inner-tube bands — Rehab & recovery › Getting strong again
  • thigh and knee ladder — Rehab & recovery › Getting strong again
• Streptomycin
  • out of the soil, 1943 — How antibiotics came to be › 1943: streptomycin, out of the dirt
• Stress — Community & barter › Grief, stress and psychological first aid — see Mental health
  • after a scare — Home protection › Stress, fatigue and judgment
  • children who won't play or keep playing the disaster — Stories & games › If this goes wrong
• Stretcher
  • improvised from poles and a blanket — On foot › How much to carry
• Stretcher trailer — see Bicycle ambulance
• Stretching
  • stiff joints, count to 25 — Rehab & recovery › Range-of-motion exercises
• Stretching medicines
  • half doses, extended-release tablets — Chronic illness › Making a supply last
• Strike plate
  • 3-inch screws into the stud — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • drawing — Strike plate, USDA AH 73 p. 147
• String figures
  • First Position, Opening A — Stories & games › String figures: cat's cradle and more
  • Opening A drawing — Jayne, p. 43
• String telephone
  • tins and waxed string — Stories & games › Things to make
• Stroke
  • rehab at home — Rehab & recovery › Stroke and spine injuries: the basics
• Strontium-90
  • liming the soil — Nuclear fallout › Livestock and gardens
• Strop — Woodworking › Sharpening chisels and plane irons
• Stucco
  • lime and hair mix, coats — Natural building › Earth plasters, lime plaster, limewash and floors
• Stuck object in a wound
  • leave it in — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
• Stuck shoulders
  • what to do, in order — Childbirth & kids › Stuck shoulders and breech
• Stuck vehicle
  • getting it out — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Towing and getting unstuck
• Stump holes
  • burns after a fire — Wildfire › Hot ground, stump holes and mop-up
• Stump sprouts — see Coppicing
• Stumps
  • how low to cut (8 in) — Firewood › Growing your own: thinning and coppicing
• Submersible fuel pump — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Submersible pump — photos
  • power it needs — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Substation
  • what it does — Power grid › From power plant to plug
• Suction lift
  • pump limit (about 20 ft here) — Practical math › Water flow and pressure
• Suction limit
  • about 20–22 feet — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• Suction pumps
  • lift limit — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Sudden oak death
  • dead tanoak snaps — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • don't move tanoak bark — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Sugar
  • on wounds — Making medicines › Honey and sugar dressings
  • substitutes — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
• Sugar pine nuts — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • steaming and storing — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
• Sugar syrup
  • 1:1 and 2:1 — Bees › Feeding: sugar if you have it, honey if you don't
• Suicide
  • asking a new mother — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
  • asking, watching — Chronic illness › Mental illness and psychiatric medicines
  • locking up guns in hard times — Home protection › Stress, fatigue and judgment
• Sulfa drugs
  • Domagk and Prontosil, 1932 to 1935 — How antibiotics came to be › 1932–1937: the sulfa drugs, and the price of skipping the safety test
• Sulfation — Off-grid power › Keeping lead-acid alive
  • what causes it — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Sulfite dips
  • asthma — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
• Sumac
  • ink, and the poison-oak look-alike — Paper & ink › Soot ink and other inks
• Sun hours
  • Medford, month by month — Off-grid power › Our sun, month by month
• Sunflower seed
  • parched, as the fat in a dish — Food from scratch › Beans, peas and lentils
• Sunken cappings
  • foulbrood sign — Bees › Foulbrood and other brood diseases
• Sunken eyes — see Dehydration
• Sunlight disinfection — see SODIS
• Sunrise and sunset
  • direction by season — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Sunspace
  • water drums and masonry — Storing energy › Stone and water that warm in the sun
• Supplies
  • keeping them out of sight — Home protection › Don't be a target
• Supply chain
  • delivery is the real problem — What to expect › 6. Economic crisis, fuel and supply-chain breakdown
• Surge protectors
  • don't stop E1 — EMP › What the tests actually found
  • how they fail — EMP › After an event: check and repair
  • still useful for lightning — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Survival stories
  • Robinson Crusoe, Jack London, Shackleton — Stories & games › Survival stories for older children and adults
• Suspicious activity
  • what counts — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
• Suspicious person
  • describing what you saw — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Swales
  • on contour — Building soil & permaculture › Swales on contour
• Swallowed battery
  • a two-hour emergency — Batteries › Dangers
• Swallowed poison — see Poisoning
• Swarm cells
  • vs. supersedure cells — Bees › Queens: finding her, queenless signs, raising your own
• Swarm prevention
  • room, reversing, splitting — Bees › Swarm prevention
• Swarms
  • catching one — Bees › Catching a swarm
  • photos — photos
• Sweater
  • shrank and felted — Clothing & leather › If this goes wrong
• Sweathouse
  • building one; keep it short — First peoples' skills › The sweathouse: for cleanliness and warmth
• Sweet corn
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Sweet potatoes
  • curing and storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
• Swelling
  • puffy face or hands in pregnancy — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • raise, cold, wrap, then heat — Rehab & recovery › Swelling: raise it, cool it, wrap it, then warm it
• Swift water
  • working in it — Dams, weirs & ditches › Working in and near water
• Swirl and dump
  • cleaning a sand filter — Water purification › Biosand filter (best household filter you can build)
• Swollen battery
  • never charge it — Batteries › Laptop, tool and e-bike packs: what is inside, and where the line is
  • stop using it — Off-grid power › Lithium, LiFePO4 and salvaged packs
• Swollen face
  • noisy breathing — tubes in the nostrils — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Swollen face or jaw
  • tooth infection — Injuries › Teeth: pain and emergencies
• Swollen feet
  • in a child — severe malnutrition — Childbirth & kids › Growth, malnutrition and toddler food
  • malnourished child — Food when scarce › Starvation and refeeding slowly
• Swollen knees
  • goats (CAE) — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Swollen left side
  • goats (bloat) — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Swollen neck — see Goitre
• SWR
  • checking a CB antenna — Using a radio › A CB
• Synchronizing
  • generators in step — Power grid › AC, 60 cycles and staying in step
  • two generators on one line — Power grid › Two generators on one line
• Synthetic fabric
  • melts — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
• System map
  • water and sewer — Town water & sewer › Who runs it, and the records to get now
• System voltage
  • 12, 24 or 48 V — Off-grid power › Start with a load list

T

• Table scraps
  • for chickens — Chickens › Scraps, milk, sprouts and greens
• Table shelter
  • basement corner — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Tablet
  • Android setup — Start on any device › Android tablet or phone
• Tack repair
  • stitching and riveting — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Takelma
  • foods and camps through the year — First peoples' skills › The year's round
  • traditional foods — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
• Takilma soils
  • droughty terraces — Building soil & permaculture › Fitting it to your land
• Talk-around
  • and why it hides itself — Using a radio › 4. Working through a repeater
• Tallow — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • beef: uses — Cattle › Hides and tallow
  • cleaning for candles — Candles & lamps › Cleaning and hardening tallow
  • for pemmican — Preserving food › Jerky and pemmican
  • hardening with alum or beeswax — Candles & lamps › Cleaning and hardening tallow
  • sources: beef, mutton, deer, elk — Candles & lamps › Fat and wax: where it comes from and how much
• Tampon
  • change at least 3 times a day — Make-do household › Menstrual pads and diapers
• Tampons
  • change at least 3 times a day — Sanitation › Dishes, laundry and periods
• Tank
  • how many gallons — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • partly full, lying on its side — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Tank chart
  • inches to gallons — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Tanks and sumps
  • never climb in — 📖 EPA Sumps and Spill Buckets, p. 5
• Tanning hides — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
• Tannins
  • leaching from acorns — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
• Tanoak — photos
  • acorns — Food from scratch › Acorn flour
  • bark for ink — Paper & ink › Iron-gall ink
  • bark for tanning — Clothing & leather › Tanning hides
  • firewood — Firewood › Which wood, and how much
  • matsutake habitat — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
  • photos — photos
• Tansy ragwort — Illinois Valley › Animals and vet care
  • liver damage, also in hay — Cattle › Plants that poison cattle here
  • liver damage, toxic in hay — Horses › Local dangers
  • photos — photos
• Tap code
  • knocking through a wall — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
• Tapering
  • how the books step medicines down — Chronic illness › Medicines you must never stop suddenly
• Target hardening — see Home security
• Tariff
  • village electricity — Power grid › Wiring, metering and sharing
• Tarp
  • over a damaged roof — Shelter › Emergency tarp and plastic shelters
• Tarp shelter
  • lean-to on the trail — On foot › Tarp and debris shelters
• Tarps — Salvage & repurposing › Tarps and plastic sheeting
  • sewing and patching — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Tarps on woodpiles
  • cover only the top — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Tarweed
  • burn the stalks, parch the seed — First peoples' skills › Seeds, nuts and berries
  • parched and ground, eaten dry — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Taste and odor
  • removing with charcoal — Water purification › Charcoal: making it and using it right
• Tattler lids — see Lids
• Taut-line hitch
  • guy and tarp lines — Knots & rope › Taut-line hitch: a line you can tighten
• Tax lots
  • on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Teaching reading
  • McGuffey readers, phonics — Stories & games › Teaching reading and numbers at the kitchen table
• Teams
  • of at least two — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Teaspoon
  • 5 mL — Practical math › Food, medicine and time math
• Technician license — Radio › Licensing (USA) — easier than you think
• Teeth
  • brushing with no toothpaste — Make-do household › Personal care
  • floating sharp edges — Horses › Teeth and worms
• TEG — see Thermoelectric generator
• Temper colors
  • straw, purple, blue — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Temperature
  • newborn, in the armpit — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
  • normal and fever — Horses › Health checks and first aid
  • °F to °C — Practical math › Quick-reference tables (print these)
• Tempered glass
  • can't be cut — Salvage & repurposing › Mirrors and glass
  • in fire country — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
• Tempering
  • color chart — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
  • many pieces in an oil pot — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
  • one-heat method — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Tendinitis
  • overuse, soft splint — Rehab & recovery › Tendons: tennis elbow, Achilles and overuse
• Tennis elbow — Rehab & recovery › Tendons: tennis elbow, Achilles and overuse
• Termites
  • earth tubes on the foundation — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
  • termite or winged ant? — Termite vs. ant, FB 1993 p. 5
  • tube photo — Termite tubes, FB 1993 p. 6
• Termux
  • closes or page stops — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
  • installing and starting — Start on any device › Android tablet or phone
• Terrain
  • extra effort by ground type — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Terrain association — Navigation & weather › Terrain association: handrails, catching features, aiming off
• Terrain features
  • drawings — Terrain features, FM 3-25.26 pp. 116–119
  • hill, saddle, ridge, draw, spur — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Testing a Faraday container
  • phone call and AM radio — EMP › Faraday containers: building one that works
• Testing batteries
  • with a cheap meter — Batteries › Testing with no tester
• Testing fuel
  • jar test — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
• Tetanus
  • check shots with every wound — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
  • get boosters now — Injuries › The kit to build now
  • newborn, from a dirty cord — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Texting
  • with no cell service (mesh radio) — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The mesh radio (optional)
• Texting with no phone service — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 1. What it is, and what it is not
• Thatch
  • fire danger — Natural building › Thatch — for sheds only
  • how long it lasts — Natural building › Thatch — for sheds only
  • photos — photos
  • pitch and material — Natural building › Thatch — for sheds only
• The Big One — see Big earthquake
• Theft
  • a fair process — Community & barter › Settling disputes and dealing with theft
  • of tools, fuel, animals — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
• Thermal belt
  • warmest at night — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Thermal mass
  • evening out day and night — Storing energy › Stone and water that warm in the sun
  • masonry heaters — Storing energy › Masonry heaters (big stone stoves)
• Thermal paper
  • 57 x 30 mm rolls, fading — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
• Thermal printer
  • DFR0503 V2.0, 9 to 24 V, not the 5 to 9 V one — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › What to buy
  • printing guides, answers and book pages — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Printing on paper
• Thermal protector
  • reset button — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Thermal runaway — see Battery fire
  • one cell sets off the next — Batteries › Dangers
• Thermoelectric generator
  • 5 V USB and 12 V charging — Heat into power › Getting usable 5 V and 12 V out of it
  • cooling the cold side — Heat into power › Keeping the cold side cold
  • how it works — Heat into power › How a thermoelectric generator works
  • modules and heat limits — Heat into power › Choosing modules: TEG or salvaged Peltier
  • stove-top power — Heat into power › Stove-top thermoelectric power
  • watts from a wood stove — Heat into power › What to expect in watts
• Thermopile — Heat into power › How a thermoelectric generator works
• Thermosiphon — Storing energy › Solar water heaters you can build
• Thiamine — see Beriberi
• Thimbleberry
  • leaves as toilet paper — Make-do household › Toilet paper alternatives
  • photos — photos
• Thin child — see Malnutrition
• Thinning
  • firewood and fire safety — Firewood › Growing your own: thinning and coppicing
• Thorny plants
  • for keeping people out — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Thorny silverberry
  • hedge size — Home protection › Living fences: thorny hedges that don't feed a fire
• Thread
  • waxed linen for leather — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Threats
  • writing them down — Community & barter › Calming an angry person
• Three norths
  • true, grid, magnetic — Navigation & weather › Compass and declination
• Three of anything
  • distress — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one
  • means "help" — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Three sisters
  • corn, beans and squash — Building soil & permaculture › Polycultures, companion planting and the three sisters
• Three smokes = good news
  • old advice — don't — Signals & Morse › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Three-day kit — see 72-hour kit
• Three-point hitch — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractors: daily checks, the hitch and the PTO
• Three-pot method — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
• Threshing — Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
  • stomping on a tarp — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
• Threshold squelch — Using a radio › Squelch: the control nobody explains
• Thrush
  • black, stinking frog — Horses › Hoof care and shoeing
  • photos — photos
• Thumb jump
  • judging distance — Practical math › Heights and distances you can't reach
• Thunder
  • how far away (flash to bang) — Navigation & weather › Lightning safety
• Thunderheads — see Cumulonimbus
• Thunderstorm
  • what to do — Navigation & weather › Lightning safety
• Thyme
  • coughs — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Thyroid
  • levothyroxine doses, iodized salt — Chronic illness › Thyroid
• Thyroid protection — see Potassium iodide (KI)
• Tic-tac-toe
  • naughts and crosses — Stories & games › Pencil, paper and word games
• Ticks
  • checking and removing — On foot › Poison oak, ticks and rattlesnakes
  • pulling one out — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
  • removal photos — Tick removal, CDC p. 50
  • removing — Make-do household › Pests
  • removing from dogs — Dogs › Health with no vet: parasites, foxtails and sickness
  • western blacklegged tick — photos
• Tillage
  • burns organic matter — Building soil & permaculture › Organic matter: the heart of it
• Tilt angle — see Panel tilt
• Timber
  • which trees grow where (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Timber crib dam — Dams, weirs & ditches › Kinds of dams
• Timber frame
  • carrying a light roof — Natural building › Choosing a system for our conditions
• Timber hitch
  • dragging logs — Knots & rope › Timber hitch: dragging logs and poles
• Timing (Morse)
  • dot, dash and gaps — Signals & Morse › Morse quick reference (print this)
• Tincture
  • how to make — Making medicines › Teas, tinctures, salves and poultices
• Tincture of iodine — see Iodine
• Tippy tap
  • building one — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
• Tires
  • never burn them — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
  • pressure, mixing radial and bias — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tires, flats and jacking
  • uses and dangers — Salvage & repurposing › Tires and inner tubes
• Toadstools — see Poisonous mushrooms
• Toddler food
  • safe food and water — Childbirth & kids › Growth, malnutrition and toddler food
• Toddlers
  • milk per day — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
• Toilet
  • don't flush if sewer lines may be broken — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
  • how far from wells and creeks — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
  • water and sewer are off — which kind to use — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
  • when the water is off — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
• Toilet (shelter)
  • bucket, bleach, burying waste — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
• Toilet paper
  • what can go in septic, buckets, composting toilets — Paper & ink › What can go where
  • what to use instead — Make-do household › Toilet paper alternatives · Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
• Toilet smell — see Urine-diverting toilet
• Toilet tank
  • keeps running — Make-do household › Simple plumbing
• Tomato sauce — Food from scratch › Making plain food good
• Tomatoes
  • adding lemon juice or citric acid — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • from frost-killed vines — don't can — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • saving seed (fermenting) — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
  • when to plant — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• Toms
  • hens per tom, saddles, toenails — Turkeys › Toms, mating and keeping the line going
• Tone tables
  • all 32 CTCSS tones and the DCS codes — DHS field guide, p. 68
• Tones (CTCSS, DCS)
  • photos and detail — photos
  • what they really do — Using a radio › 3. Tones: CTCSS, DCS and the "privacy code" lie
• Tongs
  • first tools — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • making a pair — Blacksmithing › Making basic tools
• Too dry
  • things shriveling in storage — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
• Too much plain water
  • low blood salt — Injuries › Heat and cold in the Valley
• Too slow
  • answers take minutes — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
  • pick a smaller AI — Start on any device › Which AI will I get?
• Tool batteries
  • keeping a drill alive — Batteries › Tool batteries: keeping a drill alive for years
• Tool handles
  • making and fitting — Woodworking › Tool handles
• Tools
  • bicycle tool kit — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
  • list of who has what — Community & barter › Skills, tools and the neighborhood map
  • marking them — Home protection › Protecting food, water, fuel, tools and livestock
• Tooth abscess
  • signs — Injuries › Teeth: pain and emergencies
• Tooth knocked out
  • push it back within an hour — Injuries › Teeth: pain and emergencies
• Toothache — Injuries › Teeth: pain and emergencies
  • oil of cloves — Making medicines › Other pain helpers
• Toothbrush
  • chewed twig — Make-do household › Personal care
• Toothpaste — see Teeth
• Top-bar hive
  • building from scrap wood, bar width — Bees › Building a top-bar hive from scrap wood
  • photos — photos
• Topo map
  • contour lines and heights in feet — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • reading one — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
  • scale, 1 inch = 2,000 ft — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map
• Topo maps
  • opening the GeoPDFs — Illinois Valley › Maps
• Tortillas
  • corn — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
  • flour — Food from scratch › Staples
• Touchscreen
  • on a Raspberry Pi library box — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Other ways to build it
• Tough meat
  • boil or braise it — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
• Toulouse goose
  • big gray goose — Geese › Choosing breeds
• Touring load
  • 30–50 lb — Bicycles & carts › Loading a bicycle
• Tourniquet
  • "last resort" — old advice — Injuries › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • drawing — Windlass and ratchet tourniquets, ATP p. 62
  • homemade, band and stick — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
  • how long it can stay on — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
  • how to put one on — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
  • loosening ("converting") it — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
• Towing
  • tow bar, chains and straps — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Towing and getting unstuck
• Town water
  • after the power fails — Town water & sewer › How long the water lasts after the power fails
  • how it works, source to tap — Town water & sewer › The whole system in one picture
  • running it with no grid — Town water & sewer › Keeping a small system going with no grid
  • where it comes from — Town water & sewer › Where a town's water comes from
• Toxic gases from batteries
  • arsine and stibine when overcharged — Off-grid power › Battery safety
• Toxic plants
  • chickens — Chickens › Plants that poison chickens
  • for horses — Horses › Local dangers
  • rabbits — Rabbits › Poisonous plants
• Toys
  • home-made — Stories & games › Things to make
• Traceroute — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 6. Sending messages and positions
• tracking someone on the map — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › The Vault's own mesh pages
• Tracks
  • cat and dog drawings — Cat and dog tracks, Seton p. 396
  • which book to use — Hunting & fishing › Local game and its habits
• Tractor
  • daily checks — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractors: daily checks, the hitch and the PTO
  • deadliest farm machine — 📖 NIOSH TRAC-SAFE, p. 18
  • rollovers — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Tractor safety: rollovers, PTO, runovers and riders
• Tractor battery — see Car battery
• Trade disputes
  • avoiding them — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Trade goods
  • likely ones here — Community & barter › Barter and fair trade
• Trading — see Barter
• Traffic
  • working in the road — Town water & sewer › Sewage, trenches and traffic
• Trail food
  • calories and pounds per day — On foot › Food on the move
• Trail signs
  • stones, twigs, notes at forks — On foot › Staying in touch and trail signs
• Trailer brakes
  • overrun brake — Bicycles & carts › Bicycle trailers: welded steel or no-weld pallets
• Trampoline
  • frame, springs, mat — Salvage & repurposing › Mattresses, box springs and trampolines
• Tranexamic acid
  • within 3 hours of birth — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
• Transfer switch — photos · Off-grid power › Generators, cars and backfeed · Power grid › How a household fits in · Transfer switch diagram, FEMA P-1019 p. 125
  • at a gas station — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
  • diagram — Transfer switch, FEMA P-1019 p. 125
  • needs strong surge protection — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Transformer
  • big ones take a year or more to replace — Power grid › Why restarting takes days, weeks or months
  • pole-top and pad-mount — Power grid › From power plant to plug
• Transformers
  • 1989 damage, a year to replace — EMP › Two different threats
  • about a year to replace — What to expect › 4. Long power outage, including fire-season shutoffs
  • photo of storm damage — Transformer damage 1989, EMP Commission 2008 p. 47
• Transistor
  • testing — Make-do household › Electronics: repair and salvage
• Transmission lines
  • why such high voltage — Power grid › From power plant to plug
• Transmit power
  • high and low, and emergencies — Using a radio › Power: high or low
• Transmit tone
  • setting it for a repeater — Using a radio › 3. Tones: CTCSS, DCS and the "privacy code" lie
• Transplants — see Starting seeds indoors
• Trap boards
  • for slugs, flipped for ducks — Ducks › Why ducks suit our wet winters: slugs, snails and the garden
• Trap crops — Building soil & permaculture › Polycultures, companion planting and the three sisters
• Trapped by fire
  • last resort — Wildfire › Getting out and last resort
• Trapping
  • Oregon rules — Illinois Valley › Trapping
  • how-to books — Illinois Valley › Trapping
  • where to set: runs and trails — Hunting & fishing › Trapping, snaring and deadfalls
• Traps for people — see Booby traps
• Trash — see Garbage
• Trash can — see Metal trash can
• Trash can storage — see Buried barrel
• Trauma — see Psychological first aid
• Travel
  • miles per day, speeds — Horses › Travel and packing
• Travel router — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
• Travel times
  • from Cave Junction — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Travois — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
  • photos — photos
• Treadle
  • running an electric head by foot — Clothing & leather › Fibers, first garments and sewing machines
• Treadmill
  • DC motor as a generator — Salvage & repurposing › Treadmills
• Treadmill motor
  • as a generator — Engines › Motors as generators
• Treated wood
  • never burn it — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
  • never in the garden — Building soil & permaculture › Which wood
• Tree height
  • cruiser's stick drawing — FB 1210 p. 14
  • shadow, stick or clinometer — Practical math › Heights and distances you can't reach
• Tree rings
  • not a compass — Navigation & weather › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Tree spacing
  • and limbing for fire — Wildfire › Clearing around the house with hand tools
• Tree torch
  • never in fire season — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
• Treenails and dowels
  • making them — Woodworking › Pegged and wedged joints: no glue, no nails
• Trench
  • collapse — Town water & sewer › Sewage, trenches and traffic
• Trench foot
  • photos — photos
  • preventing — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
  • prevention and care — On foot › Trench foot and frostbite
• Trench latrine
  • for a neighborhood or camp — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
• Trench shelter
  • Door-Covered Trench Shelter drawing — Door-Covered Trench Shelter, NWSS 1979 p. 148
  • plans and drawings — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Trespassers
  • what force is allowed — Home protection › Oregon law on force in defense of people and property
• Triage
  • many hurt at once — Injuries › Knowing when someone can't be saved
• Triangulation — see Resection
• Trichinella
  • cook bear, cougar, raccoon, beaver — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Trichinosis — see Trichinella
  • bear and cougar jerky — Food from scratch › Jerky
  • bear and cougar meat — Preserving food › Jerky and pemmican
  • cook pork to 170 °F; never taste raw sausage — Pigs › Keeping pigs and people safe
• Trickle charging
  • a small panel on a parked vehicle — Batteries › Charging with no proper charger
• Trickling filter — Town water & sewer › The treatment plant
• Trip plan
  • NPS form — 📖 NPS trip plan form
  • leave one at home — Navigation & weather › Getting un-lost
  • what to leave at home — On foot › The plan you leave behind, and when to turn back
• Tripod
  • lashing — Knots & rope › Shear lashing
• Tripwire
  • never across paths — Home protection › Early warning with no grid
• Trombe wall — Storing energy › Stone and water that warm in the sun
• Troubleshooting — see Won't start
• Trucker's hitch
  • cinching loads — Knots & rope › Trucker's hitch: pulling a load down tight
• Truckers
  • CB channel 19 — Radio › 4. CB Radio (Citizens Band) — no license, simple, vehicle-friendly
• Try-cocks — Heat into power › Water level: the gauge glass and the try-cocks
• Tsunami
  • at the coast — Illinois Valley › Earthquake (Cascadia) and tsunami
  • first waves within 15 minutes on the coast — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Tube feeding
  • weak lamb — Sheep › Orphan, weak and chilled lambs
• Tuberculosis
  • deaths before antibiotics — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
  • from raw milk and cheese — Milk, butter & cheese › Raw milk dangers: brucellosis, TB and Listeria
• Tuck-pointing — see Repointing
• Tularemia
  • from skinning rabbits — Rabbits › Humane slaughter and butchering
  • rabbits, beaver, muskrat; gloves — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Tumpline
  • head strap for heavy loads — On foot › Packs you can make
• Turbidity
  • bottle test (under 50 NTU) — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
  • turbidity tube — Water purification › Simple tests
• Turbidity tube
  • parts drawing — Turbidity tube parts, Myre & Shaw p. 7
  • reading it — Water purification › Simple tests
• Turkey broth
  • from the carcass — Turkeys › Cooking it
• Turkey eggs
  • storing for hatching, eating — Turkeys › Eggs, broody hens and hatching
• Turkey feathers
  • quills, calls — Turkeys › Butchering and plucking
• Turkey legs
  • braised slowly — Turkeys › Cooking it
• Turkey tail — Mushrooms › Medicinal mushrooms
• Turkeys
  • breeder feed, winter and summer — Turkeys › Feeding the breeders
  • breeds that mate on their own — Turkeys › Choosing turkeys that breed on their own
  • butchering, killing, plucking — Turkeys › Butchering and plucking
  • choosing breeders, avoiding inbreeding — Turkeys › Toms, mating and keeping the line going
  • feeding without a feed store — Turkeys › Feeding with no feed store
  • grain on range, finishing — Turkeys › Growing turkeys on range
  • health with no vet — Turkeys › Health with no vet
  • how many for a family, feed needed — Turkeys › How many turkeys for a family
  • keeping the meat without refrigeration — Turkeys › Butchering and plucking
  • meat yield per bird — Turkeys › Butchering and plucking
  • predators, night shelter — Turkeys › Predators
  • range per bird, rotating ground — Turkeys › Housing, range and roosts
  • shelter, fences, roosts — Turkeys › Housing, range and roosts
  • telling toms from hens — Turkeys › Toms, mating and keeping the line going
  • troubleshooting — Turkeys › If this goes wrong
  • year calendar for the valley — Turkeys › The turkey year in the Illinois Valley
• Turn around, don't drown — Floods, storms & heat › Moving water: turn around
• Turn-around rules
  • when to turn back — On foot › The plan you leave behind, and when to turn back
• Tutoring
  • older children teach younger — Community & barter › Children, elders and neighbors who need help
• Tuyere — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • photos — photos
• Twin-bucket toilet — see Bucket toilet
  • setup — Make-do household › Toilets when the water is off
• Twining — see Basket
• Twisted ankle — see Sprains
• Twisting — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Twitch
  • holding a horse for treatment — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Two meals a day
  • work before a late breakfast — First peoples' skills › A winter day, as far as the books tell us
• Two pounds of cooked grain
  • old advice — not enough — Food when scarce › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Two radios won't talk
  • channel, mode, privacy code — Radio › 12. If this goes wrong
• Two real handhelds, every control named — NIRSC, p. 13
• Two weeks ready
  • why two weeks — What to expect › What every scenario has in common
• Two-stroke fuel
  • 50:1 oil mix (2.6 oz per gallon) — Practical math › Fractions, percents, ratios and mixing
• Two-stroke fuel mix
  • oil ratio (50:1) — Engines › Small gas engines: why it won't start
• Two-way radio
  • in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The handheld radio (optional)
• TXA — see Tranexamic acid
• Tying a horse
  • quick-release knot — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding
• Tylenol — see Acetaminophen
• Typhoid
  • carriers must not cook — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Typhoid fever
  • fell with clean water, not with medicine — How antibiotics came to be › What it was like before
• Tyre
  • cut or burst — booting it — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Tyre pressure
  • check often — Bicycles & carts › Flat tyres: patching tubes and booting tyres
• Tyre sizes
  • ISO number on the sidewall — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile

U

• Udder
  • hot, hard or lopsided — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Umbilical cord
  • care of the stump — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
  • when and how to cut — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Unconscious
  • first steps — Medicines › The first few minutes
  • recovery position — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
  • what to check first — Injuries › The first look: check in this order
• Under-voltage
  • Raspberry Pi slows itself down — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Power too weak", or the AI takes minutes
• Undercut — see Felling
• Undercut banks — Dams, weirs & ditches › Working in and near water
• Underground storage tanks
  • cutaway drawing — Station tank and piping, NREL p. 36
  • what's under the concrete — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Unit conversions — see Conversion tables
• Universal motor
  • runs away with no load — Salvage & repurposing › Ceiling fans, drills and power tools
• Unplugging
  • everything or nothing — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
  • power, data and antenna cables — EMP › Rule one: unplug and disconnect
• Unvented heaters — see Kerosene heater
• UPS (battery backup)
  • battery and inverter — Salvage & repurposing › Computers, UPS boxes, phones and tablets
• Upsetting — Blacksmithing › Heat colors (in shade, not sunlight)
• Upside-down flag
  • distress — Signals & Morse › Distress signals and talking to aircraft
• Urinary stones
  • wethers and bucks — Goats › Goat health with no vet
• Urine
  • as garden fertilizer — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
  • on wounds — Making medicines › Old advice in the library to ignore
• Urine-diverting toilet
  • stops the smell — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
• US-199
  • after a Cascadia quake — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
  • after a big quake — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
  • likely cut after a quake — Illinois Valley › Earthquake (Cascadia) and tsunami
• USB drive — see Library backup
• USB stick
  • how big — Start on any device › Sharing it with your community
• Utility pole
  • climbing, rot — Power grid › Poles and towers
• UTM grid
  • reading a position — Navigation & weather › Reading a topo map

V

• V (ground symbol)
  • require assistance — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
• V-belt — see Belt drive
• V-notch weir
  • flow table — Dams, weirs & ditches › Reading a V-notch
• Vaccines
  • children's schedule, catching up — Childbirth & kids › Plan now, while doctors and pharmacies still exist
  • for dogs — Dogs › Vaccinate now: parvo, distemper and rabies
• Vacuum sealing
  • only dry food — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Valerian
  • sleep — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Valuables
  • burying or hiding — Home protection › Outbuildings, fuel and the well
• Valve list
  • getting it now — Town water & sewer › Who runs it, and the records to get now
• Valves
  • Presta and Schrader — Bicycles & carts › Spares to stockpile
  • stop valves, curb valve, house valve — Town water & sewer › Mains, valves, hydrants and the pipe to your house
• Varroa mites
  • counting with an alcohol wash — Bees › Varroa and other pests without store chemicals
  • photos — photos
• Vault
  • ARK Vault, the ammo-can library computer — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › The idea
• Vegetables — see Garden produce
  • how long each needs — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots
• Vehicle barriers
  • boulders, posts, berms, ditches — Home protection › One way in: the driveway and vehicle barriers
• Vehicle emergencies
  • what to do — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › If this goes wrong
• Vehicle maintenance
  • daily walk-around check — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Cars and pickups with no shop
• Vehicle storage — see Storing a vehicle
• Vehicles after an EMP — see Cars and trucks
• Venison
  • broiling and braising — Food from scratch › Meat: roasts, pot-roasts and tough cuts
  • broiling times by thickness — Hunting & fishing › Cooking what you took
  • canning time — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • curing — Preserving food › Curing pork and venison
• Ventilation
  • chicken coop, ammonia — Chickens › The coop: space, roosts, nests, air and litter
• Ventilation (shelter)
  • Kearny Air Pump — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Vents
  • 1/4-in mesh — old advice — Shelter › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • 1/8-inch metal mesh, covers — Wildfire › Hardening the house with what you have
  • cellar, intake and outlet — Root cellars › Building a root cellar
  • ember mesh — Illinois Valley › Around the house (defensible space)
  • ember screens — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
• Vermicompost — see Worm bin
• Verpa
  • early false morel — Mushrooms › Good edibles and their look-alikes
• Very sleepy child
  • can't be woken — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Vest
  • buckskin or fur — Clothing & leather › Patterns to cut from the wearer
• Veterinarian
  • local and 24-hour — Illinois Valley › Local contacts
• VHF and UHF
  • line of sight — Radio › 3. How radio actually works (the 60-second version)
• Vinegar
  • glass and hard-water film — Make-do household › Cleaning and disinfecting
  • homemade — not for canned pickles — Preserving food › Lard, confit, eggs and vinegar
  • homemade — not for canning — Food from scratch › Salt, 🍯 sweeteners and 🥓 fat
  • making it — Root cellars › Fermenting, salting, eggs and vinegar
  • making it from fruit — Preserving food › Lard, confit, eggs and vinegar
• Violence
  • lowering the chance — Community & barter › Calming an angry person
• VIP latrine
  • how the vent works, drawing — VIP toilet, Hesperian Ch 7 p. 22
  • vent pipe and dark shelter — Sanitation › Latrines step by step
• Viruses in water
  • which methods work — Water purification › Which method does what
• Visibility landmarks
  • for smoke — Navigation & weather › A simple home weather log
• Visitors
  • strip and wash before coming in — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Vital organs — see Shot placement
• Vital signs
  • animals — see Livestock
  • temperature, pulse, breathing — Horses › Health checks and first aid
• Vitamin C
  • daily need (10 mg) — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Vitamin C tablets
  • storing — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
• Vitamin D
  • winter sun too weak — Food when scarce › Hunger diseases: spot them, prevent them
• Voice prompts
  • turning them off — Using a radio › 2. A cheap handheld, button by button
• Volcanic ash
  • photos — photos
  • what to do — What to expect › 11. Volcanic ash
• Volcano
  • chances here — What to expect › 11. Volcanic ash
• Voles
  • eating stored roots — Root cellars › Pits, clamps, buried barrels — and the garden itself
• Volt/amp meter
  • checking the battery — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › How it works
  • wiring its thick and thin wires — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
• Voltage drop
  • formula — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
• Voltage under load
  • why resting volts lie — Batteries › Testing with no tester
• Volts per cell
  • every chemistry — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared
• Volume
  • box, cylinder, cone — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • setting it against the hiss — Using a radio › On/off and volume
• Volva
  • cup at the base of the stem — Mushrooms › How to identify a mushroom
• Vomit
  • cleaning it up — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Vomiting
  • after a head injury — Injuries › Broken bones, sprains, spine and head
  • keep giving the drink — Medicines › Diarrhea and dehydration: the homemade drink
  • radiation sickness or something else — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Vomiting and diarrhea
  • hours after eating mushrooms — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Vomits everything — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Voting
  • motions and seconds — Community & barter › Meetings and fair decisions

W

• Waksman
  • the soil search, and the word antibiotic — How antibiotics came to be › 1943: streptomycin, out of the dirt
• Walk to run
  • after a leg injury — Rehab & recovery › Balance and walking again
• Walker
  • fitting — Rehab & recovery › Crutches, canes and walkers
  • making one — Rehab & recovery › Making walking aids
• Walkie-talkies — see FRS
  • "15 miles" — overstated — Community & barter › Old advice in the library to ignore
  • FRS, GMRS, MURS — Radio › 5. FRS / GMRS / MURS — the walkie-talkie families
  • photos — photos
• Walking
  • miles a day, hills and daylight — On foot › Distance, hills and daylight
  • pace, rest halts and the rest step — On foot › Pace, rests and walking technique
• Walking out
  • routes to cities — Illinois Valley › Walking out
• Walking pace
  • with a load, day and night — Bicycles & carts › Travel times from Cave Junction
• Walking speed
  • runner 3–5 mph, rider 6–8 — Signals & Morse › Runners, relays and written messages
• Walking time
  • between two places, hills counted (map) — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Wall height
  • earth walls (11.5 ft) — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• Wall systems compared
  • quake, wet, fire, insulation, labor — Natural building › Choosing a system for our conditions
• Wallow
  • for pigs in summer — Pigs › Water, shade and heat: pigs die of heat
• Walls
  • keeping them dry — Natural building › A good hat and good boots": keeping walls dry
• Wapato
  • from ponds — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
• Warning signals — see Sirens
• Warp
  • the cross; warping board — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
• Warped
  • after hardening — Blacksmithing › Hardening and tempering
• Warping
  • causes, kinds, prevention — Woodworking › Green wood, drying and warping
• Wartime production
  • what one year of penicillin took — How antibiotics came to be › 1941–1945: the farm laboratory, and the jump to a factory
• Washboard
  • gravel road — Mortar, concrete & roads › Potholes, ruts and washboard
• Washing eggs
  • water 20 °F warmer — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
• Washing machine
  • drum, motor, pump — Salvage & repurposing › Washing machines and dryers
• Washing soda
  • making from baking soda — Make-do household › Laundry
• Washing with water
  • instead of toilet paper — Paper & ink › Toilet paper alternatives: water, cloth, leaves, cobs
• Watch dog — see Dogs
• Watch geese — see Geese
• Watch method
  • rough direction — Navigation & weather › Direction without a compass — and how wrong each can be
• Watch schedule
  • shifts that don't wear people out — Home protection › Neighborhood watch after the collapse
• Watch shifts
  • 2-hour pairs — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Watchdogs — Dogs › Watchdogs and warning
• Water
  • bleach dose — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • boiling and bleach — Illinois Valley › Water
  • boiling time — Water purification › Step 3 — Kill the germs
  • finding, carrying and treating on the move — On foot › Finding, carrying and treating water
  • for a cholera patient — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
  • hidden in the house: heater, toilet tanks, pipes — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
  • how much cattle drink — Cattle › Fences, water and shelter
  • how much hens drink — Chickens › Water every day
  • how much horses drink — Horses › Feeding and water
  • how much in a heat wave — Floods, storms & heat › Water in the heat
  • how much per person per day — Sanitation › Handwashing and water for hygiene
  • how much rabbits drink; gravity line — Rabbits › Water
  • how much to defend a house — Wildfire › Water with no power
  • how much to store — Illinois Valley › Water
  • how much to store (1 quart to 15 gallons) — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
  • safest sources after fallout — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • sunlight in plastic bottles — Make-do household › Clean water from plastic bottles (SODIS)
  • weight (8.34 lb per gallon) — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
  • won't drink in cold weather — Horses › If this goes wrong
• Water and sewer
  • 1 month to 1 year after Cascadia — What to expect › 7. Cascadia M9 earthquake (and the coast tsunami)
• Water back
  • stove, frozen pipes — Floods, storms & heat › Frozen pipes
• Water bars — Mortar, concrete & roads › Culverts and water bars
• Water containers
  • tap or narrow spout — Water purification › Storing water safely
• Water filters
  • homemade kinds compared — Water purification › Step 2 — Homemade filters
• Water flow
  • bucket and stopwatch — Practical math › Water flow and pressure
• Water glass — see Eggs
  • keeping eggs 6–9 months — Chickens › Eggs: age, daylight, molt and storing
• Water hammer
  • close valves slowly — Town water & sewer › Mains, valves, hydrants and the pipe to your house
• Water harvesting
  • swales, pits, ponds — Building soil & permaculture › Water: swales, ponds and keeping the soil wet
• Water heater
  • emergency water — Nuclear fallout › Stocking the shelter
  • old tank for solar or dump load — Storing energy › Hot water: where spare electricity should go
  • tank, elements, foam — Salvage & repurposing › Water heaters
• Water hemlock — photos
  • deadly, along creeks — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
  • grows with cattails — Food from scratch › Camas, cattail and other local starches
  • hollow chambered root — Illinois Valley › Wild plants — the deadly look-alikes
  • one mouthful can kill — Horses › Local dangers
  • photos — photos
  • teach children — Childbirth & kids › Accidents: drowning, burns, poisoning
• Water in fuel
  • diesel — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Diesel trucks and tractors
  • haze, droplets, bottom layer — Fuel › Is this fuel still good?
• Water level
  • measuring twice a year — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Water level (clear tube)
  • carrying a level mark — Practical math › Measuring with no tools
• Water main break
  • isolating and repairing — Town water & sewer › Finding and fixing leaks
• Water mains
  • valves, hydrants, washouts — Town water & sewer › Mains, valves, hydrants and the pipe to your house
• Water operator
  • who runs the system — Town water & sewer › Who runs it, and the records to get now
• Water per day
  • how much to drink walking — On foot › How much to drink
• Water pressure
  • psi and height — Town water & sewer › Tanks on the hill, pumps and pressure
  • psi per foot of height — Practical math › Water flow and pressure
• Water purification
  • best simple combination — Water purification › Which method does what
  • which method does what — Water purification › Which method does what
• Water right
  • for a pond — Building soil & permaculture › Ponds
• Water rights
  • Oregon rules — Dams, weirs & ditches › Water rights and neighbours
  • creek power in Oregon — Engines › Motors as generators
  • diverting creek water — Wells & pumps › Ram pumps: creek water uphill with no fuel
  • exempt household use (15,000 gal/day) — Wells & pumps › Know your well
  • hydro, most creeks closed — Illinois Valley › Off-grid power and creek hydro
  • riparian and prior appropriation — Dams, weirs & ditches › Water rights and neighbours
• Water running low in the shelter — Nuclear fallout › If this goes wrong in the shelter
• Water source
  • protecting it — Town water & sewer › Protecting the source
• Water stain on ceiling — see Roof leak
• Water storage
  • drums and IBC totes — Salvage & repurposing › 55-gallon drums and IBC totes
  • in an old water heater — Salvage & repurposing › Water heaters
  • safe containers — Water purification › Storing water safely
• Water table
  • high in winter on the valley floor — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
• Water tank — see Cistern, Water tower
  • how high, underground on a hill — Storing energy › Gravity that works: store the water, not the electricity
  • store water, not electricity — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid · Storing energy › Gravity that works: store the water, not the electricity
• Water testing
  • coliform, nitrate, arsenic — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
  • simple home tests — Water purification › Simple tests
• Water tower
  • why height gives pressure — Town water & sewer › Tanks on the hill, pumps and pressure
• Water treatment — see Water purification
  • the 1920 method for a sulfated battery — 📖 Circular 92, p. 54
• Water treatment plant
  • the steps — Town water & sewer › Treatment, step by step
• Water trough — Blacksmithing › A simple forge and anvil
  • concrete — Mortar, concrete & roads › Footings, slabs, posts and troughs
• Water valve
  • shutting off the house — Community & barter › Forming a neighborhood group
• Water wheel
  • overshot, breastshot, undershot — Dams, weirs & ditches › Water power from a dam or weir
• Water-bath canning
  • extra time for altitude — Preserving food › Settings for the Illinois Valley (about 1,300 ft)
  • how to — Preserving food › Water-bath and steam canning; jam without pectin
• Water-finding paste — Fuel › Getting fuel out of gas-station tanks
• Waterers
  • ducks, deep enough to wash nostrils — Ducks › Housing, water and keeping bedding dry
  • tub outside the fence for geese — Geese › Housing, fences and water
• Watering
  • summer garden — Seed bank › Growing it here
  • when it counts most — Building soil & permaculture › Keeping water in the soil through a dry summer
• Watering batteries — see Battery water
• Watermelon
  • saving seed — Seed bank › Saving seed from the fruits
• Waterproofing
  • cloth, leather, boots — Make-do household › Glue, patching and waterproofing
• Waters breaking
  • no labor after 6 hours — Childbirth & kids › Labor and birth: what helpers do
• Watershed
  • how much water a pond gets — Dams, weirs & ditches › Choosing the site and the watershed
• Watery diarrhea
  • over age 5 — outbreak sign — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Watt-hours — Practical math › Electricity by the numbers — see Load list
• Wattle and daub — Natural building › Lighter systems: straw-clay, hempcrete, wattle, bags, blocks, cordwood
  • photos — photos
• Watts
  • adding up the load — Engines › Generators
  • volts × amps — Practical math › Electricity by the numbers
• Waves of illness
  • weeks to months each — What to expect › 5. Pandemic
• Wax fire
  • never use water — Make-do household › Fire and light without stores
  • never water — Candles & lamps › Fire, fumes, burns and children
• Wax moth
  • storing combs safely — Bees › Varroa and other pests without store chemicals
• Wax myrtle — see Bayberry
• Wax plucking
  • beeswax dip for ducks — Ducks › Waxing with beeswax
• Wax tablet — Paper & ink › Pencils, charcoal, chalk and slates
• Waxed paper — Paper & ink › Recycling scrap paper, cardboard and mending
• Waxing cheese
  • beeswax — Milk, butter & cheese › Salting, waxing and aging without a fridge
• Waypoints
  • mesh radio — Mesh radio (Meshtastic) › 6. Sending messages and positions
• Weak cells
  • moving them to lighter work — Batteries › Small batteries: AA to 9 V, and button cells
• Weaning
  • pigs at 8 weeks — Pigs › Weaning and the next litter
  • rabbits at 8 weeks — Rabbits › Eyes, leaving the nest and weaning
• Weapons
  • not on patrol — Community & barter › Keeping watch
• Weasel
  • fits a ¼-inch gap — Chickens › Predators of the Illinois Valley
• Weather
  • forecasts by radio — Illinois Valley › Radio & weather
• Weather forecasting
  • without forecasts — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Weather log
  • keeping one — Navigation & weather › A simple home weather log
• Weather radio — see NOAA Weather Radio
  • spare in the container — EMP › What to keep in it
• Weather sayings
  • which hold up — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Weatherstripping
  • types drawn — Weatherstripping, HUD p. 38
• Weaver's knot
  • see sheet bend — Knots & rope › Sheet bend: joining two ropes
• Weaving
  • simplest loom — Clothing & leather › Weaving and knitting
• Web flasher — see Firmware
• Webcaps
  • deadly Cortinarius — Mushrooms › The killers that grow around here
• Wedged tenon
  • through a hole — Woodworking › Pegged and wedged joints: no glue, no nails
• Wedges
  • axe handle — Blacksmithing › Keeping hand tools working
  • elk-horn, splitting planks — First peoples' skills › Houses and sweathouses
  • in the back cut — Firewood › Felling trees safely
  • mushroomed heads throw chips — Firewood › Splitting
• Weeder geese
  • strawberries, orchards, corn — Geese › Geese as grazers and weeders
• Weeding
  • with geese — Geese › Geese as grazers and weeders
• Weevils — see Bean weevils, Grain
  • in beans and grain — Root cellars › Keeping rats, mice and bugs out
  • killing in stored grain — Food when scarce › Storing it for years
• Weighing a baby
  • homemade beam scale — Childbirth & kids › Growth, malnutrition and toddler food
• Weight
  • cuts walking distance — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
• Weight bearing
  • touch down, partial, full — Rehab & recovery › After a splint or cast comes off
• Weight loss
  • one person losing faster — Food when scarce › Setting and running a fair ration
• Weight of a horse
  • string or tape formula — Horses › Feeding and water
  • where to measure — Measuring for weight, G1781 p. 2
• Weight of cattle
  • heart girth tape — Cattle › Cattle health with no vet
• Weight of materials
  • earth, wood, stone, water — Practical math › Levers, pulleys and loads
• Weights
  • storing energy by lifting — Storing energy › Gravity batteries from sand, rocks or weights
• Weir
  • Hupa salmon weir, leave gaps — Hunting & fishing › Take the surplus, never the seed
  • Shasta fish dam, and the law today — First peoples' skills › Salmon, lamprey and other fish
  • building a measuring weir — Dams, weirs & ditches › Building a measuring weir
  • flow table, rectangular notch — Dams, weirs & ditches › Reading a rectangular notch
  • measuring creek flow — Dams, weirs & ditches › How a measuring weir works
  • to raise a creek for an intake — Dams, weirs & ditches › Diversion weirs
• Welding — see Forge welding
• Welfare messages
  • "Everyone safe here" — Radio › 10. Passing messages for others
• Well
  • flooded: disinfecting and testing — Floods, storms & heat › The well and drinking water
  • shock-chlorinating after flood or fire — Illinois Valley › Water
• Well bucket
  • bailer down the casing — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• Well cap
  • sanitary cap — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Well casing
  • gallons per foot of water — Practical math › Volume: tanks, wells, piles, bins and woodpiles
• Well house
  • no fuel or chemicals — Home protection › Outbuildings, fuel and the well
• Well ID
  • Josephine County "JOSE" numbers — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Well log — see Well report
• Well point — see Driven well
• Well pump
  • running on a generator — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
  • running on solar — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
  • troubleshooting table — Wells & pumps › Running the well pump without the grid
• Well report
  • finding your well's records — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Well setbacks
  • septic, drain field, height above ground — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Well water
  • after a wildfire — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
  • testing yearly — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Well went dry — see Dry well
• Well yield
  • normal household (5 gpm) — Wells & pumps › Know your well
• Wellhead
  • protecting it — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
• Wells
  • bail-can when the pump is dead — Nuclear fallout › Food and water
  • depth, on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • keeping latrines and graves away — Sanitation › Choosing and siting a toilet in our soils
  • kinds drawn side by side — Types of wells, USGS p. 15
  • kinds: dug, driven, drilled — Wells & pumps › Know your well
  • low water in drought — 📖 OWRD Water Wells and Drought, p. 1
• West Nile virus — Sanitation › Flies, mosquitoes, lice and scabies
• Western azalea
  • photos — photos
• Western gray squirrel
  • photos — photos
• Western pearlshell
  • photos — photos
• Wet bedding
  • duck house — Ducks › Housing, water and keeping bedding dry
• Wet diapers
  • how many is enough — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Wet mash
  • for ducks; never let it sour — Ducks › Home-grown rations
• Wet sacks
  • beating out grass fires — Wildfire › Small fires, spot fires and wet sacks
• Wet stacking — Engines › Diesel engines
• Wet well
  • never enter — Town water & sewer › Manholes, wet wells, vaults and tanks: never go in
• Wet wood
  • wastes heat, makes creosote — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Wet-nurse — Food when scarce › Babies and toddlers in a shortage
• Wethers — see Castration
• What to expect
  • ranking of disasters for the Illinois Valley — What to expect › How to use this guide
• Wheat
  • harvesting by hand — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
  • pounds to store per year — Food when scarce › A year's food: the list and a worked example
• Wheel
  • truing a wobbly wheel — Bicycles & carts › Wheels, hub bearings and chains
• Wheelbarrow
  • big-wheel design — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
  • homemade wheel — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
  • how much it carries — Bicycles & carts › How much one person can move
  • photos — photos
  • wooden frame — Woodworking › Things worth making
• Wheels
  • big vs small in ruts — Bicycles & carts › Wheelbarrows, handcarts, sledges and travois
• Whelping box — Dogs › Breeding and puppies
• When to cut firewood — Firewood › A firewood year (rule of thumb)
• When to plant — see Planting calendar
• Where am I
  • on the map — see Resection
  • the dot on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Where There Is No Doctor
  • where to find it — Medicines › What's here
• Where this comes from
  • outsiders' notes, decades later — First peoples' skills › The meals themselves
• Whetstone — see Oilstone
  • photos — photos
• Whey
  • feeding hens and pigs — Milk, butter & cheese › Whey and buttermilk: using everything
  • feeding pigs (boil it) — Pigs › Garbage, skim milk and whey: cook it first
  • ricotta and brown cheese — Milk, butter & cheese › Whey and buttermilk: using everything
• Which battery for which job — Batteries › Getting the most out of what you have
• Which radio to use
  • family, town, long distance, news — Radio › 1. The quick version — what to grab and what to know
• Whip antenna
  • broken, how to repair — Whip repair, FM 24-18 p. 86
• Whiplash — Rehab & recovery › Neck
• Whipping
  • a rope's end — Knots & rope › Whipping a rope's end
• Whipstitch — Clothing & leather › Mending and hand sewing
• Whistle
  • Morse by whistle — Signals & Morse › Morse without a radio: light, sound, flags and smoke
  • carries about a mile — Radio › 11. When the radio can't reach: signals without one
  • range, about 200 yards — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• Whistle codes
  • 1911 Scout code — Signals & Morse › Whistles, bells and alarm codes
• White muscle disease
  • stiff lambs 3–8 weeks — Sheep › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt
  • stiff, trembling kids 3–8 weeks — Goats › Minerals: selenium, copper and salt
• White sauce
  • three thicknesses — Food from scratch › Making plain food good · Milk, butter & cheese › Cooking with milk, whey and cheese
• White spots on liver
  • tularemia — rabbits, hares — Hunting & fishing › Disease and safety
• Whitewash — see Limewash
• Whole grain in manure
  • tooth trouble — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Whole-wheat flour
  • rancid in 2 weeks — Food from scratch › Flour from grain
• Wi-Fi
  • Pi's own network for phones — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Using it
  • changing the Pi's name or password — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Changing a setting later
  • no network — hotspot or travel router — Start on any device › Share one library with every phone nearby
  • page won't open on the phone — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › If something goes wrong
• Wi-Fi card
  • printing — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › Set up the Pi (no TV or keyboard)
• Wicks
  • for oil and kerosene lamps — Candles & lamps › Lamps you can make
  • making, braiding, self-trimming — Candles & lamps › Wicks: making, pickling and sizing
  • pickling (soaking) safely — Candles & lamps › Wicks: making, pickling and sizing
  • size for candle width — Candles & lamps › Wicks: making, pickling and sizing
  • sizes drawing — Wick sizes, Practical Action p. 2
• Widow-makers
  • dead limbs overhead — Firewood › Felling trees safely
• Wigwag flag code
  • old advice — don't — Signals & Morse › Old advice in the library to ignore
• WikiMed
  • offline medical Wikipedia — Medicines › What's here
• Wikipedia
  • reading it in the browser with no program — Start on any device › No program? Use the library in your web browser
• Wild carrot — see Queen Anne's lace
• Wild carrot family
  • skip it — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Wild food
  • month by month — Food when scarce › Wild food around the valley
  • sightings on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
• Wild plants
  • safety rules — Food when scarce › Foraging safety rules
• Wilderness protocol
  • 146.52, top of the hour, every 3 hours — Radio › Simplex (radio-to-radio, no repeater)
• Wildfire
  • after the fire — Wildfire › After the fire
  • burn probability map — Burn probability map, county plan p. 71
  • cattle and smoke — Cattle › Fire season and smoke
  • checking the well afterward — Wells & pumps › Keeping well water clean
  • could cut off US-199 and the valley — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
  • creek water after a fire — Water purification › After a wildfire
  • defending a place with no grid — Wildfire › Stay or go: decide before fire season
  • embers — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • evacuating horses — Horses › Local dangers
  • evacuation levels — Illinois Valley › Evacuation levels (Josephine County)
  • past fires on the map — HOW-TO-VIEW-MAPS › Easiest: the map in the web browser
  • reading the danger with no forecast — Wildfire › Reading fire danger with no forecast
  • saw sparks in dry grass — Engines › Chainsaws, crosscut saws and axes
  • sparks from chains — Bicycles & carts › Illinois Valley hazards
  • vent screens (1/8 in) — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
  • what happens hour by hour — What to expect › 1. Wildfire and smoke
  • what to do — Illinois Valley › Wildfire
  • when the fire comes — Wildfire › When the fire comes
  • woodpile 30 ft from the house — Shelter › Earthquake and wildfire hardening
• Wildfire danger
  • from signal fires — Signals & Morse › Signal fires and smoke — and the wildfire danger
• Wildfire smoke
  • chickens coughing — Chickens › Heat, smoke and fire season
  • cuts solar output — Off-grid power › Our sun, month by month
  • don't dry food in it — Preserving food › Drying in our dry summers
  • drying food outdoors — Root cellars › Drying food
  • protecting a pregnant woman — Childbirth & kids › Pregnancy: checkups and danger signs
  • rabbits: coughing, watery eyes, evacuation — Rabbits › Predators, smoke and fire season
• Will my car run after an EMP? — see Cars and trucks
• Willow bark
  • dose and limits — Making medicines › Willow bark ⚠️
• Winch
  • safe use, snatch block — Vehicles, tractors & equipment › Towing and getting unstuck
• Wind
  • signs of weather change — Navigation & weather › Reading the sky: clouds, wind and barometer
• Wind generator
  • homemade — Engines › Motors as generators
• Wind power
  • why a car alternator rarely pays — Salvage & repurposing › The alternator, and the wind question
  • why it's poor here — Off-grid power › Creek hydro, and why not wind
• Wind turbine — see Wind generator, Wind power
  • why a generator head is too fast — Engines › Matching it to a water wheel or wind rotor
• Windfalls
  • cutting them up — Floods, storms & heat › Trees and lines coming down
• Winding sticks — Woodworking › The tool kit worth keeping
• Windings
  • testing with a meter — Engines › Electric motors: testing and repair
• Windlass
  • bucket on a dug well — Wells & pumps › Getting water up by hand
• Windmill
  • for pumping water — Wells & pumps › Windmills
  • how much wind it needs (7 mph) — Wells & pumps › Windmills
• Window bars
  • inside quick-release latches — Home protection › Stronger windows and glass doors
  • must open from inside — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Window film
  • shatterproof glass — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
• Window sill
  • must slope outward — Shelter › Reglazing and saving windows
• Windows
  • "Windows protected your PC" — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
  • locks, pins and film — Home protection › Doors, frames, locks and windows
  • no need to tape — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
  • parts drawing — Window parts, NPS Brief 9 p. 2
  • replacing a broken pane — Shelter › Reglazing and saving windows
  • starting the library — Start on any device › Windows
  • where rot starts — Shelter › Reglazing and saving windows
• Windows and doors
  • size and spacing in earth walls — Natural building › Quake rules for earth walls
• Windpump — see Windmill
• Windrow
  • farm-scale compost — Building soil & permaculture › Compost from a bucket to a farm
• Windstorm — Floods, storms & heat › Windstorms
• Wing clipping
  • turkeys — Turkeys › Housing, range and roosts
• Winlink
  • email over radio — Radio › Ham digital & data (advanced, FYI)
• Winnowing — Food from scratch › Flour from grain · Seed bank › Saving seed from dry crops
• Winter
  • December solar output vs. July — Off-grid power › Our sun, month by month
• Winter crops
  • when to sow — Seed bank › Planting calendar for the Illinois Valley
• Winter feed
  • roots, mangels, Jerusalem artichokes — Cattle › Pasture, hay and winter feed
• Winter food
  • the five stored foods — First peoples' skills › A winter day, as far as the books tell us
• Winter squash
  • curing and storing — Root cellars › What each crop needs
  • steamed 30 minutes — Food from scratch › Vegetables, greens and roots · Root cellars › Cooking from the cellar
• Winter storage
  • a battery that overwinters — Batteries › Lead-acid away from the solar bank
• Winter stores
  • how much honey to leave — Bees › Wintering through wet winters
• Winter storm — Floods, storms & heat › Winter storms and ice storms
  • what to expect — What to expect › 2. Winter storm, ice, flood and landslides
• Wintering bees
  • damp, upper vent, starving — Bees › Wintering through wet winters
• Wiper motor
  • slow 12-volt motor — Salvage & repurposing › Battery, wire, lights and horn
• Wiping
  • front to back — Paper & ink › Wiping, handwashing and children
• Wire antenna — see Dipole antenna
• Wire edge (burr)
  • removing it — Woodworking › Sharpening chisels and plane irons
• Wire gauge
  • which size for each run in the ARK Vault — ARK Vault (ammo-can computer) › 7. Wiring
• Wire gauge (AWG) — see Wire size
• Wire size
  • minimum for each fuse — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
  • voltage-drop table — Off-grid power › Wiring, fuses and grounding
• Withdrawal
  • medicines never to stop suddenly — Chronic illness › Medicines you must never stop suddenly
• Withdrawn child
  • won't play, sleeps all day — Stories & games › If this goes wrong
• Wobbly wheel — see Wheel
• Wolves
  • telling from coyotes — Illinois Valley › Trapping
  • track size — Wolf vs coyote, furbearer booklet p. 16
• Womb
  • soft after birth — rub it — Childbirth & kids › Heavy bleeding after birth: the #1 killer
• Womb infection
  • fever, bad-smelling discharge — Childbirth & kids › Breastfeeding and the mother's recovery
• Won't start
  • troubleshooting — Start on any device › If something goes wrong
• Wood
  • which for which job — Woodworking › Which wood for which job
  • which rots fast — Building soil & permaculture › Which wood
• Wood ash
  • clearing muddy water — Water purification › Step 1 — Clear the water
  • cooking corn with — Food from scratch › Corn: masa, tortillas and hominy
  • uses (lye, nixtamal, potash) — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • which ash is safe for the garden — Sanitation › Burning trash and brush, and ash
• Wood ashes
  • making lye — Make-do household › Soap from fat and ashes
• Wood chips
  • as mulch, nitrogen tie-up — Building soil & permaculture › Mulch, sheet mulching and no-dig beds
• Wood finish
  • oil, wax, food-safe — Woodworking › Finishes, outdoor wood and rot
• Wood gas — Fuel › When the stored fuel runs out
  • Imbert gasifier drawing — Imbert gasifier, FEMA p. 26
  • electricity per pound of wood — Heat into power › The honest numbers: what a pound of wood can do
  • running a generator on it — Engines › Reusing a generator for water or wind power
• Wood shingles
  • exposure for 16, 18, 24 in — Shelter › Splitting and laying your own shingles and shakes
  • on spaced slats for wet winters — Shelter › Splitting and laying your own shingles and shakes
  • replacing a missing one (tin-can patch) — Shelter › Finding and patching roof leaks
  • splitting your own — Shelter › Splitting and laying your own shingles and shakes
• Wood stove
  • canning on one — Preserving food › Running a pressure canner off-grid
  • clearance drawing — Clearances and wall shield, CMHC p. 32
  • clearances (36–48 in) — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
  • floor pad — Firewood › Burning safely: stoves, chimneys, ashes
• Wood tar
  • uses and limits — Mortar, concrete & roads › Asphalt, tar and pitch: what you can and can't do
• Wood touching soil — Shelter › Rot, termites, carpenter ants — and woods that last
• Wood-frame house
  • not adequate shelter alone — Nuclear fallout › Where to shelter
• Woodpile
  • 30 ft from the house — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate · Wildfire › Hardening the house with what you have
  • as stored energy — Storing energy › The best store of all: work while the power is there
• Woodshed
  • plans and racks — Firewood › Seasoning: drying wood in a wet climate
• Woodstove smoke
  • trapped in winter — Navigation & weather › Illinois Valley weather through the year
• Woodworking safety — Woodworking › Working safely
• Woodworking tools
  • what to keep — Woodworking › The tool kit worth keeping
• Wool
  • comforters and mattress batts — Sheep › Washing and preparing wool at home
  • never use bleach or lye — Make-do household › Laundry
  • warm when wet — Clothing & leather › Dressing for our cold-wet winters
  • washing (scouring) raw wool — Sheep › Washing and preparing wool at home
• Word games
  • Buzz, Beast Bird or Fish, Crambo — Stories & games › Pencil, paper and word games
• Work
  • sharing it out — Community & barter › Sharing the work
• Workbench — Woodworking › Things worth making
• Working a radio — see Radio controls
• Worm bin — Sanitation › Composting food, yard waste and manure
• Worm eggs
  • survive in soil for years — Sanitation › Composting toilets, humanure and urine
• Worms
  • FAMACHA and targeted deworming — Goats › Worms with few or no dewormers
  • pinworm, hookworm, mebendazole — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
  • sheep, FAMACHA — Sheep › Worms with few or no dewormers
  • when to deworm, egg counts — Horses › Teeth and worms
• Wound packing
  • where a tourniquet can't go — Injuries › Stopping life-threatening bleeding, then shock
• Wounded animal
  • wait, then follow the blood trail — Hunting & fishing › Safe shooting, shot placement and tracking
• Wounds
  • cleaning, pressure bandage — Horses › Health checks and first aid
  • close it or leave it open — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
  • keeping them from getting infected — Making medicines › Wound care that prevents infection
  • red, hot, full of pus — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
  • washing out — how much water — Injuries › Wounds and infection when there's no hospital
• Wounds with fallout in them
  • flush or cover — Nuclear fallout › Cleaning yourself up (decontamination)
• Wrist
  • scaphoid, hand program — Rehab & recovery › Elbow, wrist, hand and fingers

X

• X (ground symbol)
  • require medical assistance — Signals & Morse › Ground-to-air symbols (print this)
• X = unable to proceed
  • old advice — X means medical help now — Signals & Morse › Old advice in the library to ignore

Y

• Yarn
  • spinning and setting the twist — Clothing & leather › Wool: from sheep to yarn
• Yarrow
  • uses and cautions — Making medicines › Medicinal plants with real evidence
• Year's round
  • what to gather, catch and tend each season — First peoples' skills › The year's round
• Year's supply — see Food storage
• Yeast
  • making your own — Food from scratch › Leavening without store yeast or baking powder
• Yellow baby — see Jaundice
• Yellow eyes or skin
  • in several people — Sanitation › How germs spread, and stopping an outbreak
• Yellow palms or soles — Childbirth & kids › Warmth, small babies and newborn danger signs
• Yellow starthistle
  • can't eat or drink — Horses › Local dangers
• Yellowjacket larvae
  • smoked out and eaten — First peoples' skills › Seed meal, nut cakes and berry cakes
• Yew
  • hedge trimmings kill — Horses › Local dangers
  • kills before any sign — Goats › Plants that poison goats here
• Yogurt
  • temperatures and starter — Milk, butter & cheese › Cultured milk, yogurt and kefir
• Young horses
  • starting and training — Horses › Handling, saddling and riding

Z

• Zeer pot — Root cellars › Cooling without power — see Clay-pot cooler
• Zinc
  • for diarrhea — Childbirth & kids › Sick children under 5: fever, breathing, diarrhea, measles, worms
• Zinc-carbon batteries
  • "heavy duty" cells — Batteries › Every kind of battery, compared